What is tourism resource development?

Resources usually refer to the sources of various substances that can be developed and utilized and can serve humankind. According to whether they are reusable, resources can be divided into renewable resources and disposable resources. sexual resources. Tourism resources are also a resource type. Under the specific conditions for the development and utilization of the tourism industry, tourism resources include not only renewable and non-renewable natural resources, but also various human resources, social resources, etc.

Tourism resources are the basic conditions for the development of tourism. Without distinctive tourism resources, it is impossible to develop the tourism industry. Since the tourism industry is an emerging industry, compared with the traditional concept of resources, tourism resources are much more complex in content and composition. Its exact definition is currently difficult to form a unified expression at home and abroad, but it can usually be divided into narrow and broad senses. Two categories. The so-called tourism resources in a narrow sense refer to various factors that can effectively create and maintain attractions for tourists, including natural factors, social factors, humanistic factors, etc. Tourism resources in a broad sense should include all elements that can promote and generate tourism attractions.

Tourism resources in the narrow sense are considered purely from the perspective of tourism behavior. According to the traditional view, it can be divided into natural landscape resources, cultural landscape resources, customs resources, traditional food resources, cultural resources, handicraft resources, and urban and pastoral scenery resources. From the perspective of modern tourism industry, it can be divided into sightseeing tourism resources, vacation tourism resources, ecological tourism resources, special tourism resources and special tourism resources. According to the causes or attributes, tourism resources can be divided into two types: natural tourism resources and cultural tourism resources. Natural tourism resources refer to various natural landscapes composed of physical geography and environmental factors such as topography, water bodies, climate, animals and plants, etc., and have obvious natural attributes; humanistic tourism resources are much more extensive and rich, such as various historical monuments , characteristic architecture, national customs, characteristic traditions, etc. These resources are the artistic crystallization and cultural achievements formed by the long-term activities of people in a specific environment. Tourism resources in the narrow sense are the prerequisites for the survival and development of the tourism industry, the material basis for the tourism industry, the object of tourism, and the basic elements of tourism products and tourism activities. Therefore, a certain factor that constitutes a tourism resource needs to meet the following conditions: first, it is attractive to tourists and can stimulate tourists' travel impulse; second, it is usable. As tourists' travel hobbies and habits change, The inclusive scope of this factor can be continuously expanded; third, the development of resources can produce sufficient economic, social and environmental benefits to ensure the sustainability of the development and utilization of this factor.

Tourism resources in the broad sense cover all aspects of the tourism industry. Tourism resources in the narrow sense are only the links where tourism behavior occurs. In fact, there are a large number of supporting tourism resources before tourism occurs, such as transportation. Resources, scientific and technological resources, market (customer source) resources, financial resources, etc. Tourism must first solve the problem of tourist accessibility, which requires certain transportation facilities. Inconvenient transportation will greatly reduce the attraction of tourists. Take Huangshan Scenic Area as an example. Before the opening of the Hefei-Huangshan Expressway, it took 7 to 9 hours from Hefei to Huangshan. A round trip between Hefei and Huangshan took 3 days. If it takes 2 days, I went up the mountain between 3 and 4 pm the day before and went down around 12 noon the next day. I could only spend two and a half days on the mountain. It was already around 10 pm when I returned to Hefei. For working-class people who only have two days of free time on the weekend. For me, I had to go to work early the next morning after returning and was very tired. Therefore, although the attraction of Huangshan Scenic Area is huge, its appeal to tourists is reduced due to the long round trip time. After the opening of the Hefei-Huangshan Expressway, you can reach Huangshan directly from Hefei in 3 hours. Generally, tourist groups can go up the mountain for sightseeing activities around 12 noon, go down the mountain at 12 o'clock the next day, and return at 6 to 7 p.m. In Hefei, the effective travel time in scenic spots increased by more than 40%. Due to the convenient transportation, a "one-day tour" of Huangshan was developed, that is, starting early in the morning, arriving at the scenic area between 9 and 10 o'clock, descending the mountain around 5 o'clock in the afternoon, and returning to Hefei around 10 o'clock in the evening. The effective sightseeing time in the scenic area is the same as Two-day tours are basically the same, so they are quite popular. Market (guest source) resources are the basis for the survival of the tourism industry. Without a stable source of tourists, tourist attractions cannot be maintained for a long time. Since the 1990s, Sanggang, a suburb of Hefei, has been developing specialty agricultural product planting with strong support from relevant government departments. After years of efforts, its specialty planting industry has gained a certain popularity in the Hefei market, and gradually urban residents have spontaneously moved to the area. To make friends, local government departments gave timely guidance and gradually launched special farm tours with the theme of picking farm vegetables. Through the full cooperation of transportation and other departments, Hefei City’s bus lines were extended to the area, with convenient transportation and seamless transportation. The pollution-related breeding industry has cultivated a stable source of urban customers and achieved good results.

With the changes of the times, the concept of tourism resources is constantly updated and expanded, and more and more fields are included in the category of tourism resources. For example, as people pay more and more attention to health, health tourism has become popular. Visiting centenarians in some longevity towns, visiting Chinese herbal medicine museums, "forest bathing", "sunbathing", etc. have quietly emerged. Participatory tourism activities are no longer limited to skating, skiing, surfing, swimming, etc., but also include sand skiing, grass skiing, kite flying, pastoral work and other projects.

Tourism activities are not limited to the ground, but have begun to develop underwater and high altitude: such as taking an airplane or airship to experience flying and enjoying the scenery; diving to watch the underwater world; even invitations to travel to space have become a reality; Xi'an's Satellite Measurement and Control Center, Jiuquan and Xichang Satellite Launch Center are also partially open to tourists and have become new tourist attractions; large-scale comprehensive tourist cities that integrate beautiful environments, modern high-tech, and profound cultural connotations are also continuing to expand. Some are now seen It is not a tourist resource in the past, but it is likely to become an active tourism resource in the future.

In the modern tourism industry, people generally pay more attention to tourism resources in a narrow sense and list them as tourism resources instead of market (guest source) resources, infrastructure resources, scientific and technological resources, financial resources, etc. for tourism resources. Although there is some truth to this, it also has considerable limitations. In order not to cause ambiguity, the following discussion of tourism resources refers to tourism resources in a narrow sense, and other resources become auxiliary tourism resources.