According to the characteristics of tourism subject, how to strengthen the service and management of tourism object?

First, the main body of tourism-tourists

The main body of tourism activities is tourists. It is the basis of all social phenomena and relationships related to tourism that tourists transform their travel motivation into travel behavior, so tourists are in a central position in tourism activities.

(A) the concept of tourists

There is no doubt that people engaged in tourism activities are tourists in the general sense. However, in real life, there are a lot of hard-to-identify facts, which bring trouble to tourism statistics. In order to make statistical work have an easy-to-operate standard and improve the accuracy and comparability of statistical data in various countries, the World Tourism Organization has made a unified interpretation of related concepts.

According to the explanation of the World Tourism Organization and referring to the actual situation in China, China National Tourism Administration has also made corresponding explanations on related concepts:

Tourist: refers to anyone who leaves his permanent residence (or residence) for leisure, sightseeing, vacation, visiting relatives and friends, seeking medical treatment, shopping, attending meetings or engaging in economic, cultural, sports and religious activities, and stays in other countries (or regions) for no more than 12 months continuously, and his main purpose in other countries (or regions) is not to get remuneration for activities.

Tourists do not include those who often travel back and forth for work and study.

Traveler: One who travels between two places. Travelers include tourists and non-tourists.

Tourists are divided into international tourists and domestic tourists according to their destinations. According to the travel time, it is divided into tourists and day tourists.

Number of inbound tourists: refers to foreigners, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots who came to China for sightseeing, vacation, visiting relatives and friends, seeking medical treatment, shopping, attending meetings or engaging in economic, cultural, sports and religious activities during the reporting period. At the time of statistics, the number of inbound tourists is 1 per entry.

The number of inbound tourists includes inbound (overnight) tourists and inbound one-day tourists.

Inbound tourists refer to foreigners and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan who have stayed at least one night in tourist accommodation facilities in China.

One-day inbound tourists refer to foreigners and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan who have not stayed overnight in China's tourist accommodation facilities. However, it should include tourists who come to China by cruise ships, yachts, trains and buses, as well as crew members of motorcycles and ships who spend the night in cars (ships), but it does not include Hong Kong and Macao compatriots who live outside the country (territory) and work at home and abroad, as well as border residents of neighboring countries who travel back and forth on the same day.

Domestic tourists: refer to domestic residents who came to China for sightseeing, vacation, visiting relatives and friends, seeking medical treatment, shopping, attending meetings or engaging in economic, cultural, sports and religious activities during the reporting period, and the purpose of travel is not to seek remuneration through their activities. Domestic tourism includes domestic (overnight) tourists and domestic one-day tourists. At the time of statistics, the number of domestic tourists was 1 person-time.

Domestic (overnight) tourists: domestic tourists who leave their usual place and stay at tourist accommodation facilities in other parts of China for at least one night, with a maximum of 12 months.

Domestic tourists should include foreigners who have lived in China for more than one year and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao. However, it does not include leaders at or above the Ministry who patrol all parts of the country, temporary staff in foreign offices, students studying abroad, cadres who exercise at the grassroots level, people who have settled in other parts of the country and unemployed people who have no fixed residence.

Domestic one-day tourists refer to domestic tourists who leave their permanent residence 10 km or more, travel for more than 6 hours and less than 24 hours, and do not spend the night in tourist accommodation facilities in other parts of China.

(B) the principle of defining tourists

There are several principles to note:

The difference between tourists and travelers:

Tourists are the basic concept and unit to count the number of tourists. Tourists are part of tourists. A traveler refers to a person who travels between two places. Travelers include tourists and non-tourists.

Tourists belong to travelers, but travelers are not necessarily tourists. An important criterion to distinguish tourists from ordinary travelers is whether they leave their usual environment. Habitual environment: including both the permanent residence and the places frequented outside the permanent residence. The National Tourism Administration's explanation of tourists that "tourists do not include people who travel to and from the two places regularly for work or study" is the concrete operational performance of this standard. Permanent residence: refers to the town where a person has lived for most of the past year or the town (or village) where he will return within 12 months although he has lived for a short time.

Another important criterion to distinguish tourists from other travelers is whether the main purpose of their visit to the place is to get paid from the place through their activities. This is actually from a statistical point of view. Confirmation of consumption attribute of tourism activities.

Distinguishing between international tourists and domestic tourists is not based on the nationality of tourists, but on their permanent residence or residence. Permanent residence country (permanent residence): refers to the country (or region) where a person has lived for most of the past year. Although he has lived in this country (or region) for a short time, he will still return to this country (or region) within 12 months.

(3) The objective conditions that tourists must have.

Tourism is an activity that can bring people spiritual enjoyment, but not everyone who has the desire to travel can become a realistic tourist. On the premise of tourism motivation, having disposable income and leisure time are the two most necessary objective conditions for tourists to realize their tourism aspirations.

Disposable income: refers to the balance of people's total income after deducting social expenses such as taxes, daily life and medical care, unemployment and endowment insurance.

Modern tourism is a cultural consumption activity without any material return. Only when the disposable income reaches a certain level will people make the choice of tourism consumption. Disposable income is a part of the overall income, and the overall income level of residents depends on the economic development level of the country or region where they live, so the amount of per capita disposable income depends on the economic strength of the country or region.

Leisure or leisure time: refers to the time that can be used to freely control and engage in any activities that you want to engage in outside the daily work, study, life and other necessary time. Tourism is a part of leisure activities, which requires a certain amount of relatively concentrated leisure time. Only when the technology and production level reach a certain level can the working hours be effectively shortened. Society can provide enough leisure time for most members, and tourism can become a large-scale social phenomenon. The distribution of leisure time is uneven.

Leisure in modern society is generally divided into four parts: daily leisure, weekly leisure, public holidays and paid holidays. In addition to daily leisure, leisure in the other three periods may be used for tourism, among which paid holidays are the most convenient and fully utilized time for tourists. Due to different national conditions, the length and schedule of holidays vary from country to country. At present, China implements the system of weekly double holidays, with annual public holidays 10 days. In addition, with the continuous progress of economy and society, paid vacation is gradually being implemented.

Second, the tourist object-tourist object

Tourism object: refers to the tourism object, which together with the tourism subject constitutes two aspects of the same thing. Without any conditions, there will be no travel behavior.

Tourist object: It consists of two parts: tourist facilities and tourist resources.

Tourist facilities: various facilities that people actively develop and build in order to attract and receive tourists and obtain economic income.

Tourism resources: all natural, historical and realistic objective existence that only attracts tourists.

According to the forming conditions, tourism resources can be divided into two categories: natural resources and human resources.

Natural tourism resources: things and factors with tourism functions formed in the evolution of natural geographical environment for hundreds of millions of years, which are divided into three categories: landscape, waterscape and biological landscape.

Humanistic tourism resources: created by human beings, reflecting the political, economic, cultural and social customs of different ethnic groups in different periods, and the things and factors with tourism functions are also divided into three categories: historic buildings, leisure learning and fitness shopping.

As can be seen from the above, the tourist facilities in the tourist object are artificially created, and the tourist resources are naturally presented, which is the transformation of objective tourism functions. Tourism resources are the basis for a country or region to develop tourism.

Historically, tourism resources can often be directly used by tourists as tourist objects. However, in today's highly socialized and market-oriented tourism activities, there are many intermediate links from tourism resources to tourism objects, and the transformation process is very complicated. In the end, tourists often enter the tourism consumption market as a part of tourism products before they can be enjoyed by tourists.