What are the high-quality conditions of the apple kingdom with the largest output in Japan?

China is a big producer, exporter and consumer of apples. Our main producing areas are in Shaanxi, Shandong, Henan, Shanxi, Hebei, Gansu and Xinjiang. However, the most famous apple in the world comes from Aomori Prefecture, Japan.

Aomori's apple production and planting area rank first in Japan, and its position has not been shaken for 100 years. Aomori apples account for 56% of Japan's total output, which is not only high in yield, but also world-class in quality. Aomori apple is known as "the most delicious apple in the world" overseas, and Aomori is also a world apple tourist attraction.

Today, we went deep into Aomori Prefecture to explore how their apple industry achieved its ultimate goal. I hope these experiences can be used for reference for our agricultural products.

geographical position

Aomori Prefecture is located directly below Hokkaido, with a total area of 9645k㎡km2 ㎡ km2 and a total population of about 654.38+0.28 million.

It is one of the few regions in Japan with agriculture, forestry and aquatic products as the main industries. Among them, Japan's apple production is as high as 60%, also known as "the first apple kingdom in Japan".

Apples are grown in many places in Aomori Prefecture, especially in Tsutsugaru. The snowfall in Tianjin-Light area is very high, with about13 snowfall a year.

From pruning in snowy winter to harvesting in autumn, apple planting will last for a whole year.

Aomori Prefecture has

① The climate is cool (especially the temperature is low during the discoloration period of apples).

② Less rainfall.

③ The temperature difference between day and night is large.

(4) conditions such as moderate sunshine time.

So it is very suitable for growing apples.

Planting pattern

How do Aomori apples grow?

Although the artificial planting operation that lasts for a whole year is complicated, it is the most important part of producing delicious Aomori apples.

It is said that an apple orchard with an average area of 10 mu (1 000 ㎡) takes about 223 hours to work, which is a very experienced production technology.

operating duty

65438+1Trim from the end of October to March? select

Pruning and selection is the first job in a whole year, and it is also the most important technology in apple planting. Apple trees need to be arranged in a shape that can be fully irradiated by sunlight and produce good fruits.

Selection is the most experienced job. There is a saying that "if you want to be an independent apple grower, you must first select more than 1000 apple trees".

Fertilization in April

Fruit trees need nutrients, so they are fertilized every April.

Apply appropriate amount of fertilizer according to soil conditions.

Spraying in April-August

Spraying is to prevent apples from being attacked by pests. According to the standard of Aomori Prefecture, 10 spraying will be carried out every year. After the fruit tree bears fruit, sprinkle the medicine for 7 times.

Spraying operation will be carefully used in a safe and environmentally friendly way.

Weeding from May to September

In order to prevent soil erosion, the added organic matter is easy to make the orchard grow grass. If the grass grows too much, it will rob the apple tree of the water it needs and easily cause pests. So weed 4-6 times when planting.

May pollination

Most apples can't bear fruit with the same variety of pollen. Therefore, it is necessary to use other varieties of pollen for pollination.

It used to be artificial pollination, but now it is also pollinated by bees.

Picking fruits in June and July.

About five flowers can bloom on the same apple flower, but if they all bear fruit, they will not get enough nutrition, not only will they not grow up smoothly, but they will not bloom in the next year.

Therefore, the number of 3-5 flowers is reduced to 1, and delicious apples can only be grown after fruit picking. An apple tree can bear 3000 fruits, but only about 300 will remain at the harvest stage, and at least 90% of the fruits need to be pitted. )

In the flower season, flowers will be picked.

Bagging from mid-June to early July

In the past, bagging was to prevent apples from being attacked by pests and diseases, but now it is to improve the degree of preservation and coloring.

Take off the bag in September

Mid-and late-maturing varieties will take off their bags from mid-September to the end of September every year and let the fruits receive sunlight.

September ~165438+1October coloring stage (picking leaves and turning fruits)

Let the apple be fully exposed to the sun and the color is even.

In order to prevent leaves from forming shadows on apples, leaves will be picked 2-3 times. And turn the direction of the fruit, so that the whole apple is evenly irradiated by the sun and turns red.

It will also remove redundant branches from apple trees, prevent the branches from sagging and increase the pillars and hanging branches as the apples become bigger and heavier.

Harvest August ~165438+1October

Carefully picking apples all year round 1 Starting from August, the apples will be picked manually without damaging them.