How does Tibet tourism adapt to hypoxia?

The official operation of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has enabled ordinary people to board this beautiful plateau for sightseeing. However, due to the high altitude and thin air in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the average oxygen content in the air in Tibet is less than two-thirds of that in Beijing, thus forming a plateau climate characterized by low pressure and hypoxia, which exceeds the self-regulation limit of most tourists in low-altitude areas and causes a series of discomfort and even diseases.

How should people like us who travel from the plains or travel there on business adjust their self-help in the plateau hypoxia environment? In life, diseases caused by hypoxia are very common. What effect does oxygen have on human body? What harm does hypoxia have to human body? How to effectively treat hypoxic diseases? These are all topics that everyone cares about.

Altitude hypoxia exceeds its own limit, which will cause discomfort, disease and even life-threatening

Xue: Beautiful Tibet is known as "the roof of the world" and "the roof of the world". However, due to the high altitude and thin air in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, such as the average altitude of 40 meters in Beijing and the average oxygen partial pressure 158 mm Hg, and the average altitude of Lhasa is 3649 meters, it is not the highest altitude in Tibet, and its atmospheric oxygen partial pressure is only about 100 mm Hg, and the oxygen content in the air in Lhasa is only 63.3% of that in Beijing, so the altitude hypoxia exceeds that in most places.

The main manifestations of hypoxia are headache, dizziness, palpitation, shortness of breath, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, abdominal distension, chest tightness, chest pain, fatigue, mild facial edema, chapped lips and nosebleeds. In an emergency, blood pressure rises, the heart beats faster, and even coma occurs. Some people are extremely excited, such as drunkenness, talkativeness, unsteady gait, hallucinations and insomnia. In severe cases, convulsions, coma and pulmonary edema may occur, which may be life-threatening if not treated in time.

Travelers or business travelers from Beijing to Tibet should pay attention to six things.

1. Make full mental preparations and face up to the problem of hypoxia at high altitude. Keep a good mood, relax and don't be nervous. Because nervousness and fear will make the heart beat faster and aggravate the symptoms of hypoxia.

Don't act immediately after arriving in Tibet by plane or train. You should take a rest first, and it is best to keep sitting or semi-lying, so that your head is high and your feet are low, which is conducive to smooth breathing and reduce brain edema caused by hypoxia. Usually, the human body can gradually adapt to the anoxic environment within a few hours or a day or two, because although Tibet is located in the plateau area, it is still suitable for human survival and residence.

3. Keep breathing steadily and take a deep breath properly. Because deep breathing can enhance the absorption of oxygen by alveoli, it is also one of the main physiological reactions to adapt to high altitude hypoxia.

4. Be careful not to overeat in the diet, and choose some diets with high carbohydrate and vitamins, which are easy to digest and absorb. Because eating indigestible supersaturated food will lead to increased blood circulation in the gastrointestinal tract, increase the burden on the heart and aggravate hypoxia. You should eat more digestible foods, such as vegetables and fruits. Especially bring some chocolate or sugar for later use. Besides being easy to digest and absorb, sugar food consumes less oxygen in the body, so it is timely and effective to supplement energy to alleviate hypoxia. In addition, drink water in moderation, too much will also increase the burden on the heart and aggravate the symptoms of hypoxia.

5. Appropriate drugs can be selected according to individual circumstances to relieve altitude hypoxia. If there is a severe headache that cannot be relieved, you can take painkillers; If the chest tightness and chest pain cannot be relieved, you can take vasodilators such as compound Danshen and Suxiao Jiuxin Pills.

6. If the symptoms of hypoxia continue to worsen after adjustment of food, medicine and rest, the patient should be given oxygen therapy in time under the guidance of a doctor. If conditions permit, the patient should be taken hundreds of meters below sea level.