Which city is Leizhou now?

Leizhou city is located in the middle of Leizhou Peninsula, the southernmost part of the mainland of China. The ground span is 19 44 ′-11 23 ′ east longitude. North latitude 2 26'-21 11'. It borders the South China Sea in the east, Beibu Gulf in the west, Zhanjiang suburb and Suixi County in the north, and xuwen county in the south. It is 83 kilometers long from north to south and 67 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of 3,532 square kilometers. Geographical location is 19 44'-11 23' east longitude and 2 26'-21 11' north latitude. It has a subtropical maritime monsoon climate, with no severe cold in winter and no intense heat in summer, with an average annual temperature of 23 degrees. The city has a total population of 1.41 million, governs 2 towns, and there are 11 state-owned agricultural, forestry and saltworks in the mirror. Leizhou City is the seat of the Municipal People's Government, with an area of 4 square kilometers and a permanent population of 2,. The city's cultivated land area is 1.52 million mu, and the coastline is 46 kilometers long, with superior natural conditions and suitable for development. The production of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, by-products and fishery with the characteristics of southern subtropical zone enjoys the reputation of "land of plenty".

History

Leizhou has a long history, a long history and a rich historical and cultural heritage, and is listed as one of the 99 national historical and cultural cities promulgated by the State Council. As far back as four or five thousand years ago, there were human beings in Leizhou in the Neolithic Age. In the pre-Qin period, it was the sphere of influence of Yue Chu. According to historical records, in 355 BC, after Chu destroyed Yue, "Chu Zixiong was sent to the town of Guangdong, so he opened Shicheng and built a building to show his boundary". From the sixth year of Yuan Ding in the Han Dynasty (111 BC) to the end of Qing Dynasty,

Leizhou City was mostly governed by counties, prefectures, counties, roads and prefectures, and became the political, economic, cultural and center of Leizhou Peninsula, which was known as "an important place in the south".

Leizhou has become the meeting place of Chu-Yue culture, indigenous culture, Minnan immigrant culture, marine culture and Central Plains culture in history, and gradually formed a unique Leizhou culture. The red land in Zhong Ling, Leizhou is rich in people, and the preserved cultural relics are all over the urban and rural areas. There are 57 cultural relics protection units promulgated by the people's governments at or above the county level, including Leizu Temple at the national level, Sanyuan Tower at the provincial level, and Zhenwutang, Shaoshan Ancient Stage, Dongling Mozhai Ancestral Temple and Tang Tombs at the prefecture level. The number and grade of cultural relics collected by municipal museums are the highest in the county-level museums in the province. The museum is an excellent patriotic education base of the national cultural relics system. These cultural relics are the witness of Leizhou's thousands of years of civilization history and the crystallization of Leizhou's ancestors' diligence, courage and wisdom. Governments at all levels and the masses attach great importance to the collection, protection and utilization of cultural relics. Since the reform and opening up, the government has allocated huge sums of money, and the masses have actively raised funds to repair and restore cultural relics, saving a large number of cultural treasures. Relying on cultural relics and combining with natural landscape, the West Lake Park, Sanyuanta Park and Leizu Temple tourist area were built in Leicheng, forming a three-point and one-line tourist network in the city, outside the city and in the suburbs. When visitors stroll through Leizhou, they wander in the beautiful lakes and mountains, linger among places of interest, and feel happy in the face of poetry and painting.

Leizhou is a land of outstanding talents. For example, Chen Wenyu, the Tang Dynasty Junjie who left the touching story of "Nine Ears Appearing Auspiciously", served as the secretariat of Donghezhou and Leizhou successively, with outstanding achievements. He was once praised by Taizong: "It is not a gentleman to raise evil things for decades, to be a parent, and to be virtuous." He was revered by later generations as Lei Zu, who set up a shrine to commemorate him. Another example is Chen Xie, who was an official in Gutian, Fujian, and the governor of Fujian and the governor of Fujian and Zhejiang. He was known as one of the three upright officials in Lingnan in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Up to now, the story of "Chen Jie's release of criminals" is still popular in Taiwan Province, and another example is Jinshi and Hanlin in Qianlong years. The show of Ming and Qing dynasties, only Haikang County under the jurisdiction of Leizhou Prefecture gave birth to 22 Jinshi.

Leizhou's vast red land has left the footprints of famous ministers in past dynasties. Lu Bode and Ma Yuan, Fubo generals in the Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty, ordered to maintain the unity of the motherland's territory, and successively sent troops south to station troops in Leizhou to shelter the people. Lei Ren built a "Fubo Temple" to make contributions; Li Yong, a famous official in the Tang Dynasty, Kou Zhun, Li Gang, Hu Quan, Qin Guan, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Zhao Ding, Li Guang, Ren Boyu, Wang Yancuo, etc. were successively exiled to Leizhou or Tuci Leizhou, bringing advanced Central Plains culture, and the Leizhou people, who were praised by Wen Tianxiang as "respecting sages as teachers", built the Ten Immortals Temple, Su Gongting and Kougong for them. Later generations followed the footsteps of sages and cherished sages, all of them were inspirational, self-cultivation and patriotic.

Scenic Spots

Leizhou has beautiful scenery, including eight old Leiyang sights, such as the Green West Lake, the title of Yanta, the smoke around Yi Long, and the endless clouds, as well as new scenic spots, such as Tianchengtai, Kozanji Temple and Baolin Temple. Boarding the Sanyuan Ancient Pagoda, you can see the vast expanse of fertile land, the vast expanse of grey, the waves in the South China Sea and the color of Tianshui. The scenery in front of us is dizzying, and when visitors come here, they will all disappear, marveling at the wonders of heaven and earth and the wonders of magic.

folk culture

Leizhou's folk cultural activities are colorful and interesting. Lantern Festival, the parade of floating colors in urban and rural areas is magnificent; In the spring of March, Nuo dances in Songzhu, Nanxing, Qindou and other places, as well as scattered flower dances popular everywhere, were fascinating, and these two ancient dances were selected as < < China folk dance integration > > . The quaint leizhou song and the 3-year-old Lei Ju are even more popular.

Leizhou is blessed with natural conditions and abundant products. The fertile land generously presents sweet and high-quality rice, delicious fish and shrimp, crystal white sugar, round and muddy Nanzhu, strong cattle and sheep, beautiful flowers and sweet Lingnan fruits to hardworking people. There are also Leizhou snacks with unique flavor-Ye Da Cake, Jialing White Cake, Wushi Sweet Bad, Yingli Roasted Pork, Hakka White Cut Dog, etc., which are delicious and have a long aftertaste.

climate

Leizhou city is located at 2 26'-21 11' north latitude, south of the Tropic of Cancer, with low latitude, and belongs to subtropical humid monsoon climate. Sufficient light and abundant heat. The sunshine lasts for an average of 23.6 hours a year, the annual total solar radiation is 18 ~ 117 calories/／CM2, the annual average temperature is 22℃, the highest temperature is 38.5℃ (appearing on June 8, 1977), the lowest temperature is ℃ (appearing on December 2 and 29, 1975), the hottest month is July, and the average temperature is 28.4℃, and the coldest month is January. The annual temperature difference is obvious, about 12.9℃. The annual accumulated temperature is about 8382.3℃. The frost-free period is 364 days. There is abundant rainfall. Wet and dry is obvious, with an average annual rainfall of 135 days and an average annual rainfall of 1711.6 mm. Rainfall varies greatly from year to year, with relatively dry and wet seasons. The rainy season is from June to September, dominated by the south wind; The dry season is from November to March of the following year, and the north wind is dominant. The rainfall in the city area is uneven. East, middle and north are rainy areas. While the west and south are less rainy areas. Inland is a rainy area. Coastal areas are less rainy. The annual average relative humidity is 84% and the wind speed is 3.6m/s.

climate characteristics: this city belongs to the Lei Qiong climate zone with a humid climate in the northern tropics. It has the following three characteristics:

(l) It is not hot in summer, not cold in winter, long in summer, short in autumn, spring-like in four seasons and basically frost-free period. The annual average temperature is between 22.6℃ and 23.9℃, and the extreme maximum temperature is 39.5℃. In more than 8% of the years, the extreme maximum temperature is below 35.9℃, and the hottest month is July. The average temperature does not exceed 28.4℃ C. The coldest month is January, the average temperature is 15.5℃, and the western Shenghai is not more than 17℃. The average extreme minimum temperature is about 3.7℃ over the years, and the extreme minimum temperature in 8O% years is above 2.4℃.

(2) The rainfall distribution is uneven. Wet and dry is obvious in rainy season. Because the tropical ocean monsoon brings a lot of water vapor, peak rain and typhoon rain every year. Therefore, the rainfall is mostly concentrated from June to September, accounting for 6% ~ 7% of the annual rainfall. The rainfall is the highest in July, which can reach 279.4 ~ 352.8 mm. The rainfall from November to March next year is less, accounting for only 8.5% ~ 9.3% of the annual rainfall, with an average of 2-3 mm, the least month is January, with only 12-26 mm, and the dry season lasts for five months, which is extremely unfavorable to agricultural production.

the regional distribution of rainfall is also uneven, with obvious differences. The northeast of this city is rainy, and the southwest is rainy. The average annual rainfall is 1,775 mm in Kelu Town in the north, 1,711 mm in Yangtian area, 1,593 mm in the middle hilly area, 1,912 mm in Tiaofeng Town in the southeast, Yingli and Longmen, and only 1,18 mm in Beihe, Fangshen and Mantou in the southwest coastal area. Therefore, the southwest region has suffered from drought for ten years and nine years, and the disaster situation is serious.

rainfall varies greatly from year to year. 6% ~ 7% of the years have abnormal rainfall, and 3% ~ 4% of them have less rainfall, which is one of the reasons that affect the low and unstable agricultural output.

(3) It is often attacked by typhoons. Because this city is located at 2 26' ~ 21 11' north latitude and 19 44' ~ 11 23' east longitude, it is often attacked by typhoons in the western Pacific near the Philippines and typhoons in the South China Sea near Xisha and zhongsha islands. It usually starts in May and ends in November. There are the most typhoons in July, August and September, and the wind is also the strongest. According to records, there are 16 years of typhoons in the 21 years from 196 to 198, and the probability of occurrence is 76.2%, with an average of 2-3 times a year, and the maximum number of typhoons reaches 8 times a year. Typhoon brings strong winds, heavy rains and even tides, which has a great impact on agricultural production in our city.

natural resources

ocean

Leizhou City is located in the middle of Leizhou Peninsula, facing the sea from east to west, with a coastline of 46 kilometers. The eastern sea area belongs to the western Guangdong sea area of the South China Sea. It starts from Tongming Port at the junction of Shentang Town and Taiping on the outskirts of Zhanjiang in the north and ends at Baishaling in Dongli Town in the south, with the geographical coordinates of 2 "42'-2" 59'. Leizhou bay in this sea area is the largest natural bay in Leizhou Peninsula, with a total area of about 9OO square kilometers, east to Weizhou Island on the outskirts of Zhanjiang, west to Leizhou Port, north to the south bank of Zhanjiang East Island and south to Xuwen Wailuokou. The western sea area belongs to the eastern part of Beibu Gulf, starting from the sea near Beilingwei in Jijia Town in the north and reaching the main channel of Liusha Port in Qindou Town in the south, with the geographical coordinates of 2 "25'-21" ' north latitude.

The city has a vast sea area and numerous harbors, including 18 ports, including Tongming Port, Furong Port, Beijia Port, Hebei Port, Shuangxi Port, Houlang Port, Leizhou Port, Sanji Port, Yanlou Port, Yueling Port, Liusha Port, Nawo Port, Sanjiao Port, Wuwan Port, Longdou Port, Haikang Port, Fulou Port and Qishui Port. Among them, Wushi, Qishui and Liusha are one of the key fishing ports in Guangdong. There are two natural fishing grounds, namely leizhou bay Fishing Ground and Beibu Gulf Fishing Ground, with a total area of 1,99 square nautical miles.

the city's marine resources are extremely rich and varied. There are 521 kinds of common fish, mainly mackerel, golden pomfret, grouper, squid, snapper, cuttlefish, scallion, shark, red fish, acanthopanax quadricarinatus, round belly snapper, blue garden snapper, catfish, herring carp, etc. There are more than 1 kinds of common shrimps, mainly including Penaeus monodon, Penaeus monodon, Penaeus japonicus, Penaeus unicornis, Penaeus bovis, Penaeus breviscapus, Penaeus latiflorus, Penaeus harveyi, Penaeus Zhou, Penaeus neoformans, lobster, Penaeus unguiculatus, Penaeus japonicus, and Penaeus monodon. Common shellfish mainly include Meretrix meretrix, Isomeria squarrosa, Meretrix tricuspidata, Sphagnum, Scapharca subcrenata, Sea Bean Sprouts, Eupolyphaga Seu Steleophaga, Mytilus viridis, Sunmoon Shellfish, Scallop, White Butterfly, Malpighian Shellfish, Mytilus edulis, Mytilus edulis, Babylonia, and cuttlefish, octopus, and head-foot net. Algae include frog algae, green algae, cyanobacteria, red hedge, etc. Among crustaceans, crabs include Scylla serrata, Portunus trituberculatus, Eriocheir lactuca, Eriocheir sinensis, etc. There are three or four kinds of jellyfish in jellyfish net. In addition, there are sea cucumbers, seahorses, nudus, pearls and other treasures. Among them, pearls, prawns, jellyfish and other sea treasures can be exported in large quantities and enjoy a certain reputation in Japan, the United States, Southeast Asia, Hong Kong and Macao. After liberation, especially since the reform and opening up, the fishery in our city has made great progress, and coastal farmers and fishermen have found a way to get rid of poverty and become rich. According to statistics, the city's total marine fishing output is 55,7 tons, and the total fishery output value is nearly 3 million yuan. An increase of 782.2 times over 1982. Not only has the marine fishing industry developed rapidly in Leizhou City, but also the 3, mu of coastal beaches in the city have been fully developed and utilized. At present, there are more than 16, mu of cultured prawns, groupers, silver carp, yellow-footed pomfret, cream crabs, mud snails and Babylonia. The total output of aquaculture is 8765 tons.

Leizhou is an important producing area of "South Pearl" in China, with a long history and is famous far and near. It has remained unchanged since the Han Dynasty. With the development of society and the progress of science and technology, Leizhou people began to collect pearls artificially from the seabed in the 196s, and successively set up a number of pearl farms in Liusha, Kanggang, Jingzhuang and Wupeng. In 1967, with the help of scientific and technical personnel from South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, artificial incubation of pearl oyster seedlings in quicksand pearl farm was a success. Further promoted the rapid development of pearl breeding industry.

since the third plenary session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, pearl farming in this city has developed vigorously. Collective farms, joint farms and individual farms are constantly emerging. In 1985, it grew to 16, and in 1988, it soared to 531. After entering the 199s, the development speed of pearl aquaculture in this city was even more alarming. In 199, the total output of pearls was 255 kg, accounting for 65% of the total output of seawater pearls in China. In 1992, the number of pearl farms grew to nearly 3,, and the egg fields of pearl oyster seedlings were dotted. The total output of pearls increased by 75.3% compared with 199. In 1993, the city's pearl production accounted for two-thirds of the country's total marine pearl production. "Pearl Village"-quicksand, there are 2,541 family pearl farms, with a breeding area of more than 2,3 mu. The annual output of pearls accounts for nearly half of the national marine pearl production, and the annual per capita income is 4, yuan, making it the richest village in Leizhou City.

with the rapid development of pearl aquaculture. The pearl craft industry has also developed rapidly. At present, there are 25 pearl shell powder processing plants, 56 pearl necklace and pearl handcraft copper processing plants, and their products sell well in Hong Kong, Japan, the United States, Southeast Asia and other countries and regions. Leizhou City is rich in salt resources. Because of its long coastline, many beaches, long sunshine, high temperature and strong evaporation, it has a unique resource advantage to develop salt industry. According to the survey conducted by the salt department in early 1989, there are 2,14 hectares of beach saline-alkali land that can be developed into Yantian in the city, and more than 1,46 hectares have been developed and utilized as Yantian. Among them, there is a state-owned salt field-Haikang Salt Field, which owns more than 9 hectares of salt, 26 collective salt fields, more than 5O hectares of salt fields and produces more than 2, tons of raw salt. The undeveloped coastal salty ground is under planning and development.

agriculture

Leizhou is located in the subtropical zone, with fertile land and abundant agricultural resources, and is famous for its rich crops such as rice, sugar cane, peanuts, mangoes, pineapples, bananas, watermelons and vegetables. The city has established eight bases, including grain, sugarcane, aquatic products, pearls, animal husbandry, fruits, sericulture, vegetables transported to the north and forestry, which has enabled the "three high" agriculture to develop continuously. There are 2.12 million mu of crops in the city, including 92, mu of grain, and 22, mu of contiguous Eastern Tiansu is known as "Leizhou Granary". There are 92, mu of fruits, including 64, mu of mangoes, known as the "hometown of mangoes", 12, mu of pineapples, 1, mu of watermelons, and 1, mu of bananas, carambolas and pomegranates. can