What are the main features of beautiful natural scenery?

Hello, I am looking for the answer on the Internet. The following is the answer. This question comes from the first chapter of Professor Qiao's book "Tourism Aesthetics", which is available on the first floor of the library. Scenic beauty includes natural beauty and artificial beauty. 1. Image beauty. Scenery beauty refers to natural beauty and artificial beauty that is integrated with the natural environment. Its expressions are diverse, such as mountains and lakes, sun, moon and stars, mist and clouds, flowers and trees, rivers, lakes and seas, snow-capped mountains and deserts. Ancient temples in deep mountains and so on. 2. Characteristics of beautiful scenery The key to the beauty of scenery lies in form. The main forms of natural scenery beauty are: image beauty, color beauty, dynamic beauty, and hazy beauty. 1). Image beauty: The beauty of scenery is always expressed in a certain form and image. Image is also the most significant feature of landscape beauty. Hegel said: "Beauty is the appearance of image." Only when the natural scenery appears in its image can the aesthetic subject feel its beauty. The main characteristics of landscape image beauty are: majestic, beautiful, strange, dangerous and secluded. Majestic: Majestic is a spectacular, majestic and sublime image, which is expressed in grand shapes, huge volumes, wide areas, heavy depths, and billowing momentum. The characteristics of the aesthetic feelings caused by majesty are: admiration, shock, reverence, and pleasure. Examples of majestic scenes: Mount Tai: the first of the five mountains, located in the Qilu Plain. Compared with the open plains, it also looks tall and majestic. Some people praise him as "Mount Tai is the hero of the world". Du Fu's "Wang Yue" says: "When you reach the top of Mount Tai, you can see all the mountains at a glance." Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty visited Mount Tai and praised it as "high, extremely high, large, special, and strong." Qiantang River tide: huge waves, surging, overwhelming, thunderous, sound like a golden drum. Su Dongpo described it as "the eighteenth tide of August, which is unparalleled in the world. The first bay of the Yangtze River, the Three Parallel Rivers, Huangguoshu Falls, the scenery of the North, the camels walking in the desert, etc." Many images depicted in artistic works also have majestic characteristics. For example, Su Dongpo's "Niannujiao·Chibi Nostalgic": "The rocks penetrated the sky, the waves crashed on the shore, and thousands of piles of snow were rolled up. "Xiu - soft, beautiful, and graceful. The lines of the image it expresses are curved, soft in texture, transitional in color, without strong contrast, and relatively quiet. Looking at the lines, beauty reminds people of the willows, the graceful figure, and the softness. Venus. From the color point of view, it reminds us of clear streams, neutral colors, and transitional colors. From the sound point of view, it reminds us of "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" and Serenade. From the natural scenery, it reminds me of spring water. Ding dong, I think of Lugu Lake, the misty rain in the south of the Yangtze River, the spring dawn on Su Di, and the orioles in the willow waves. Su Dongpo's "Drinking on the Lake at First Sunny and Later Rain" "The clear water is beautiful when the water is shining, and the mountains are empty and the rain is also strange." If you want to compare the West Lake to the West, it is always suitable to use light and thick colors. "Liu Yong's "Willow bank, dawn wind waning moon". "There is sound in the silent resort at this time", "Sitting alone in the secluded bamboo... the bright moon comes to take a photo", are all beautiful and beautiful sentences. Beautiful The image gives people a kind of sweet, comfortable and comfortable aesthetic enjoyment, which comforts people's emotions. Strange - uncommon, rare, and endlessly changing, the aesthetic feelings caused are fascinating, exciting, interesting and interesting. Such as the "Four Wonders" (stones, pines, clouds, and springs) of Huangshan: strange peaks and strange rocks are scattered all over the place, pine trees are entwined on the steep peaks, smoke and clouds are like silk, flying misty, and springs are gushing out all year round: they often appear as mirages. The aesthetic feelings caused by the vertical, cliffs, critical moments, abyss, deep narrowness, and abruptness are thrilling, heart-pounding, frightening, arousing curiosity, and strong attraction. The colors are blue, gray and other cold colors. , or with moisture. It causes a sense of "purity" and a sense of mystery in the desert. 2) The colors of beautiful natural scenery are mainly caused by trees, flowers, rivers, lakes and seas, hazy clouds, sunlight and moonlight. Aesthetic feelings are joy, happiness, excitement, and pleasing to the eye. There are many levels and types of colors: red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue, purple, colorful, etc. 3), dynamic beauty - fluttering, Floating, swimming, flowing, flying, undulating, sliding, constantly changing, arousing interest and a sense of magic. 4) Hazy beauty - vague, uncertain, and difficult to capture. In short, the beauty of the scenery lies in the blur and the hazy image. The image beauty of the landscape can be summarized as "majestic", "strange", "dangerous", "beautiful" and "secret". ", "Ao", "open", "wild" and other characteristics. The ancients made many comments on the image of famous mountains. For example, Mount Tai is the most majestic in the world, Huangshan is the wonder in the world, Huashan is the most dangerous, Emei is the most beautiful, Qingcheng is the most secluded, etc. The image beauty of water is also very prominent. Chernyshevsky said: "Water shows beauty because of its shape. Vast, mirror-flat, tranquil water creates a majestic image in our minds. The momentum of the rushing waterfall is shocking, and its strange and special image is also fascinating. 2. Beautiful colors. The most common color in mountainous landscapes is green, and the most gorgeous colors come from flowers. Many famous mountains have their own unique flowers, such as camellias in Cangshan Mountain in Yunnan, azaleas in Mount Emei, apricot blossoms in Badaling, etc. The snowy peaks at the top of the green field, covered in silver, are also uniquely charming. Water is a big mirror of nature. It reflects all the surrounding scenes and makes the mountain scenery brighter and richer. Some water contains certain minerals, which are colorful themselves. Dreamy crystal clear lakes like Jiuzhaigou and Huanglong. "The river is like a green belt, and the mountains are like jade hairpins." The scenery of mountains and rivers is even more intoxicating. 3. Beautiful sound There are all kinds of beautiful sounds in the mountains and rivers.

Such as birds singing in deep ravines, cicadas noisy in secluded forests, wind blowing in pines and waves, rain beating banana trees, springs pouring into clear pools, streams and mountains, etc. Sound also participates in the creation of landscape beauty, which makes landscape beauty unique. For example, the sound of mountain frogs chirping like a harp in Wannian Temple in Mount Emei, or the clear and loud roar of the sea in Laohu Cave on Laohu Beach in Dalian. The sound of sand in Dunhuang's Wusha Mountain sounds like an orchestra. The landscape and its unique sound create a unique artistic conception. Being in it, hearing helps people gain a wonderful sense of beauty. 4. Dynamic beauty Landscape beauty is dynamic beauty, which reflects the variability of natural beauty. The same mountain scenery will show different forms of beauty as the seasons and weather change. Just like a mountain, it has different appearances in different seasons, giving people different feelings: "In spring, the mountains are full of mist and clouds, which makes people happy; in summer, the mountains are full of trees and trees, and people are calm; in autumn, the mountains are clear and clear, and people are solemn; in winter, the mountains are hazy and make people feel lonely. " (Guo Xi's "Village Spring Gao Zhi Ji·Landscape Lesson") The same time I was watching Dongting Lake from the Yueyang Tower, sometimes "the wind was howling and the turbid waves were emptying," and sometimes it was "spring and the scenery was bright and the waves were calm." In addition, the landscape It is also dynamic in nature, with flowing water, waterfalls, and floating clouds and smoke surging and changing at any time, adding vitality to the landscape. 2. The aesthetic function of landscape The beauty of landscape has been an aesthetic object of people for a long time in my country during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. The rise of landscape painting marks the beginning of landscape becoming an independent aesthetic object. People’s admiration for the beauty of landscape transcends almost all limitations such as age, race, and cultural quality. The beauty of landscape can enrich people’s spiritual life. , helps people relax their nerves, eliminate fatigue, feel happy, and love life. The beauty of mountains and rivers can cultivate people's character and sentiment. Confucius said: "The wise enjoy the mountains, and the benevolent enjoy the water." The beauty of the mountains and rivers has an edifying effect on people's character and temperament. It is also conducive to cultivating people's noble sentiments and sound personality. Appreciation of the beauty of landscapes can help people enrich their knowledge, inspire their thinking, develop their intelligence, and increase their talents. Appreciating the beautiful landscapes of the motherland is an important way to cultivate people's national pride and lofty sense of responsibility. The rise of China's landscape aesthetics should not be later than the Spring and Autumn Period, such as Confucius's "The wise are happy with water, and the benevolent are happy with mountains"; Mencius' "climbing". "Mount Tai makes the world small"; Zhuangzi's "retreat and wander around the rivers and seas", etc., all gave rise to simple and natural emotions for natural landscapes. In the graceful Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the aesthetics of Chinese landscapes underwent a real change , it marks that people's attitude towards the natural landscape has changed from a certain social utility to a relatively simple aesthetic appreciation. The celebrities in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties devoted themselves to the intoxicating landscape of Jiangnan in a comfortable living environment. He enjoys the beauty between mountains and rivers, and uses the artistic language he is familiar with to record or express this beauty. Therefore, landscape poetry and landscape painting emerged accordingly.