What are the characteristics of forest park planning, forest park planning, and forest park design?

Forest Park Special Planning

1. Forest Park Landscape System Planning

Forest Park is based on forest landscape, and its land is mostly natural peaks and valleys. , woodland and water surface are based on certain natural landscape resources, using special silviculture measures and garden art techniques to highlight the beautiful forest landscape and natural landscape. Therefore, when planning the landscape of a forest park, the primary issue is how to make full use of existing forest vegetation resources, rationally transform and artistically process existing trees, and make the original natural forests and artificial forests adapt to the needs of forest recreation. , highlighting its forest landscape. If you ignore this point, carry out large-scale construction in the forest park, and add too many artificial factors, the forest park will lose its natural and wild characteristics and advantages.

In the planning of the forest park landscape system, attention should be paid to the planning and design of forest roads and forest edges, forest clearings, forest season phases, perspective lines, overlooking points, etc.

2. Forest Park Tour System Planning

The various recreational activities organized and carried out in the forest park should be different from those in urban parks, and should be carried out in conjunction with the basic landscape characteristics of the forest park. Forest camping, picnics, forest bathing and other projects that cannot be carried out in urban parks meet the recreational needs of urban residents yearning for nature. According to the different recreational activities in the forest park, they can be divided into: typical forest recreation projects, such as forest camping, picnics, forest bathing, horse riding in the forest, hiking, nature collection, green summer camps, natural science education, fishing, and wildlife viewing. , forest scenery appreciation, etc.; general forest recreation projects, such as boating, swimming, bicycle cross-country, mountain climbing, children's games, quiet rest, etc.

Carrying out various forest recreation activities has different impacts on the forest environment. Inappropriate construction projects and unreasonable tourist density will cause damage to the forest recreation environment. Therefore, in the planning of the tourism system, it is necessary to predict the possible impact and degree of impact of various recreational activities on the environment, so that corresponding methods can be adopted in the planning and different measures can be formulated in operation and management.

3. Forest Park Road Traffic System Planning

In addition to establishing convenient external traffic connections with major tourist source areas, the Forest Park’s internal road traffic must meet the needs of forest tourism, forest protection and fire prevention, Environmental protection, as well as the production and life needs of forest park employees. In the planning of the road traffic system in the forest park, attention should be paid to the route selection, direction and guiding role of the tourist roads, and the tourist procedures should be organized according to the tourists' travel patterns to form a sequence layout of origin, continuity, transition and integration. The specific environmental characteristics of the forest park should be combined to develop unique emotional and characteristic means of transportation.

Local traffic roads should be avoided in the forest park as much as possible. When it is necessary to pass, 30-50m wide protective forest belts should be set up on both sides of the road. A large forest park should be equipped with car lanes, bicycle lanes, horse riding trails and tourist trails. According to their nature of use, the roads in the forest park can be divided into three types: main roads, secondary roads and tourist trails. Generally, roads should account for 20/0~3% of the entire park area, and can account for 50%~10% in areas with intensive tourist activities.

(1) Main roads. It is the connecting road between the forest park and national or local highways and the main circular road in the forest park. Its width is 5~7m, the longitudinal slope shall not be greater than 9%, and the minimum radius of the horizontal curve shall not be less than 30m.

(2) Secondary road. It is the road leading to various functional areas and scenic spots in the forest park. The width is 3~5m, the longitudinal slope shall not be greater than 13%, and the minimum radius of the horizontal curve shall not be less than 15m.

(3) Tourist trail. It is a road leading to scenic spots and scenery in the forest park for tourists to walk and sightsee. It should be set up according to the specific situation and local conditions. The width is 1~3m, and the longitudinal slope should be less than 18%.

4. Forest Park Tourism Service System Planning

The Forest Park Tourism Service System mainly includes catering, accommodation, shopping, medical, Tour guide signs, etc. The location, orientation, height, volume, etc. of rest and service buildings should be unified and coordinated with the natural environment and landscape. The building height should comply with the needs of the landscape. It is generally appropriate not to exceed the height of the forest trees. The land for recreational and service buildings should not exceed 2% of the land area of ??the forest park. Large permanent buildings such as hotels, restaurants, resorts, sanatoriums, and playgrounds must be built. In the peripheral areas of tourist areas, the landscape must not be damaged or affected.

(1) Catering. The design of catering buildings should comply with the relevant provisions of JCJ64-1989 "Code for Design of Catering Buildings".

(2) Accommodation. The number of tourist beds should be reasonably determined based on the scale of tourists and the development of forest tourism. The construction standards of tourist beds should meet the following requirements: high-end 28~30 square meters/bed; low-end 8~12 square meters/bed. For accommodation facilities in forest parks, in addition to building permanent hotels and restaurants, attention should be paid to the development of temporary accommodation facilities such as forest camping and tents, so as to combine permanent and seasonal accommodation and highlight the characteristics of forest recreation.

(3) Shopping. Shopping buildings should be mainly temporary and seasonal, and their architectural style, volume, and color should be coordinated with the surrounding environment. Tourist souvenirs with local characteristics should be actively developed.

(4) Medical treatment. Medical and health care facilities should be established in forest parks according to scenic spots to provide timely rescue to the injured and sick among tourists. Healthcare buildings should be in harmony with their environment.

(5) Tour guide logo. Obvious tour guide signs should be set up at the forest park's boundaries, scenic spots, attractions, entrances and other places. The color and form of tour guide signs should be designed according to the environment and prompt content of the location.

5. Forest Park Protection Project Planning

(1) Forest Park Fire Protection. When carrying out forest recreation activities, the biggest potential threat to forest vegetation is forest fires. Forest fires caused by tourists smoking and picnicking account for a large proportion. Forest fires can destroy animals and plants in the forest. Wood ash after fires sometimes washes into rivers and kills large numbers of fish. Forest fires can also damage recreational facilities and injure tourists.

The protective measures and methods for forest park fires are:

1) When planning and designing, every effort should be made to ensure that recreational projects with a high likelihood of forest fires, such as camping and picnics, etc. You may choose an area with low forest fire risk. The degree of forest fire risk mainly depends on forest composition and characteristics, canopy density, forest age, topography, altitude, climate conditions and other factors.

2) Activities such as camping and picnics should have designated locations and be relatively concentrated to prevent tourists from lighting fires arbitrarily and causing harm to the forest. At the same time, the seasons of camping and picnic activities should be controlled to avoid conducting them during the drought season when fires are most likely to occur.

3) In camping areas, picnic areas and areas with dense tourists, fire lines should be set up or fire prevention belts should be constructed. The width of the fire break should not be less than 1.5 times the height of the tree. However, from the perspective of the landscape requirements of the forest park, it is more ideal to build a fire prevention forest belt. Fire breaks should be located along ridges or around roads in campsites and picnic areas. The forest stand should have a multi-layered and compact structure, and the fire protection forest belt should be perpendicular to the dominant wind direction during the local fire protection season.

4) The fire protection forest belt in the forest park should be integrated with the park road as much as possible to protect the main tourist area from the impact of fire in adjacent areas. At the same time, the convenient road system also provides guarantee for quickly extinguishing forest fires.

5) In the planning and construction of forest parks, corresponding fire-fighting facilities and systems should be established. In addition to establishing fire prevention belts and road systems, fire prevention communication facilities should also be added, fire prevention and fire fighting organizations and the management of fire fighting equipment should be strengthened. More importantly, management education for tourists and employees should be strengthened, fire prevention publicity should be strengthened, and strict measures should be taken to prevent disasters. Not yet.

(2) Forest park pest protection. Preventing the occurrence of forest diseases and insect pests, ensuring the healthy growth of forest trees, and providing visitors with a beautiful forest environment is an important aspect of forest park management. The main methods for preventing and controlling forest diseases and insect pests are as follows.

1) Under the principle of "suitable trees for the right site", creating mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests is a basic measure to maintain ecological balance and control forest diseases and insect pests. More importantly, it is to achieve disease-resistant breeding.

2) Strengthen forest management. According to different forest types and ecological structure conditions, silviculture measures should be adopted in a timely manner. Timely pruning, tending, thinning, forest fertilization, and attracting beneficial birds and animals can maintain the best environmental ecology of the forest for a long time.

3) Biological control. Use natural enemies to control pests and use a series of biological control methods to break the original quantitative balance between pests and natural enemies and re-establish a new relative balance.

4) Physical and chemical control. Physical methods mainly use the phototaxis of pests for light trapping; chemical control is only a first-aid method. In recent years, there has been progress in the prevention and control technology of fungicides, smoke agents, oil agents and ultra-low-volume sprays with high efficiency, low toxicity, long residual effect, strong systemic and permeability.

6. Forest Park Infrastructure System Planning

The layout of water, electricity, communications, gas, etc. in the Forest Park must not damage or affect the landscape, and must comply with safety, sanitation, and conservation. and ease of maintenance requirements. Supporting facilities for electrical, water supply and drainage projects should be located in hidden areas. The infrastructure project of the forest park should be connected to nearby towns as much as possible. If it is proven that there are difficulties, it can be partially connected or self-contained, and create conditions for future connections.

(1) Water supply and drainage. The forest park water supply project includes domestic water, production water, landscaping water and fire-fighting water. The water supply method can be centralized pipe network water supply, pipeline self-flow diversion, or motorized well water supply. The water supply source can be groundwater or surface water. The water source has good quality requirements and should comply with GB5749-2005 "Hygienic Standards for Drinking Water". The water source should be located upstream of residential areas and pollution sources. Drainage projects must meet the needs of domestic sewage, production sewage and rainwater discharge. Drainage methods can generally use open channels for drainage, and underground pipes should be used for drainage if conditions permit. Production and domestic sewage must be discharged after treatment and must not be discharged directly into water bodies or depressions. The design of water supply and drainage projects includes determining water sources, determining water supply and drainage methods, and laying out water supply and drainage pipe networks.

(2) Power supply. The power supply project of the forest park should be designed based on the power supply conditions, power load, and power supply method, and based on the principles of energy conservation, economic rationality, and technological advancement, so as to be safe, applicable, and easy to maintain. The power supply should make full use of the existing national and local power supplies. When the existing power supply cannot be used, water conservancy or wind power can be considered to provide self-provided power supply. Generally, overhead lines are not used when laying power supply lines. When they must be used, they should be laid along the road as much as possible to avoid central scenic spots and major scenic spots. The content of power supply engineering design includes calculation of electricity load, power supply level, power supply, determination of power supply method, setting of power substation (distribution), layout of power supply lines, etc.

(3) Heating.

The heating project in the forest park should implement the principles of saving the environment, saving investment, and being economically reasonable. When selecting heat sources, waste heat should first be considered, and regional centralized heating is the main heating method. The waste residue, waste water and smoke generated by central heating should be treated and discharged according to the "three wastes" emission standards. Heating engineering design includes heat load calculation, heating plan determination, and determination of main parameters of the boiler room.

(4) Communication. Communications includes telecommunications and postal services. The communication project of the forest park should be coordinated and planned to form a complete communication network based on the needs of its business layout, user volume, development, construction, and protection management. Telecommunications projects should be mainly wired, with a combination of wired and wireless. The planning of postal outlets should facilitate the lives of employees, meet the requirements of tourists, and facilitate postal delivery. Communication engineering design content includes scheme selection, communication method determination, line selection, facility and equipment selection, etc.

For a forest park to grow from scratch, it must first be planned, then planned and designed, and finally operated and managed.

First plan and clearly position the theme: Forest parks have levels, national, provincial and municipal levels, and the shortcomings are clearly defined through benchmarking. At the same time, in response to the needs of the market and customer groups, relying on the advantages of high negative oxygen ions in forests, we develop tourism+ and health care+ on the basis of meeting basic sightseeing and sightseeing needs. For example, Shizhuhuangshui National Forest Park uses six health care as its principle. The functions of viewing, sports, recuperation, and culture will be formed into health care projects, leading the development of health care stone pillars.

The planning and design focus on hot spots and blank space: set hot spot themed projects on major nodes for core customer groups and regional culture to create Internet celebrities to attract popularity; especially children’s projects, such as Chongqing Bishan Children's Park. The blank space is to leave space for projects in each theme area that can be expanded in the future. It does not need to occupy the entire park to meet the sustainable development of the forest park.

Operation requires wisdom + Internet +: through the construction and management of smart facilities and management systems, tourists can feel convenience. Make full use of the Internet to promote and build awareness.

Dynamic improvement: The planning and construction of the forest park cannot be accomplished overnight. The park should be upgraded in different periods to keep pace with the times.

Generally speaking, the tourism development of forest parks integrates planning, planning, design, and operation. The four can be integrated and packaged to form a conceptual planning and design of forest parks, and the overall design must be distinctive. , you can pay attention to the following points:

1. Pay attention to the market customer group

Forest tourism development must pay attention to the source of the market customer group. First, clarify the geographical location of the forest park. Is the main market group it faces first-tier cities, second-tier cities, or third-tier or fourth-tier small and medium-sized cities? Whether there are overseas tourists? Are the customer groups young, middle-aged, elderly, or teenagers? Most of the time, after determining a specific source market, specific planning products and style designs are matched to specific objects to ensure that the unique design of tourism products will win market reputation.

2. Planning emphasizes creativity

On the basis of fully considering the resource characteristics and cultural attributes of the site, new, strange and unique planned creative products can easily win market recognition. The well-proportioned forest conditions can create a variety of play spaces, such as the steel-wood aerial promenade, aerial wooden houses, observation towers and other products that will be loved by users. Utilizing the existing resources of the site, transforming it into a participatory small commercial spot will also become a check-in place for tourists. In short, a creative plan must be an executable plan that combines current resources and seeks truth from facts.

3. Plan implementation

The nature of the site is a prerequisite for planning implementation. Generally speaking, forest parks are forest land in nature, and relevant policies and regulations have certain development restrictions. 3-5% of the land area can be used for construction and development, but there will be a certain upper limit on the area. During the planning process, the nature of each operating project should be clarified, which ones must occupy the construction land quota, and which ones do not occupy the forest land and can be used for design. In addition, during the planning process, the functional zoning, landscape zoning and other characteristic construction must take into account the site topographic conditions and the nature of the project, and the road traffic organization. It is best to separate vehicle routes and pedestrian recreation routes to reduce interference with each other. Each moving line can connect various projects with each other to achieve different experiences during the recreation process.

4. Design focuses on details

Details determine success or failure. Exquisite design not only improves tourist attraction, but also makes up for other deficiencies. For the planning and design of forest parks, ecological material structures such as wooden structures, bamboo structures, stone structures, and steel structures can be fully utilized to achieve the green environmental protection requirements of the design. In this process, modern scientific and technological means can also be used to achieve various performances such as sound, light, and electricity. Form, creating the modern fashion effect of the phantom forest.

Green mountains and clear waters are invaluable assets

Urban forest planning is combined with the characteristics of the city to create parks while highlighting the forest. If there is a forest, you can get some jealous tall ones. Trees If the city has a certain kind of fruit, you can also plant a certain kind of flower in the park. The park should be suitable for all kinds of people, children's play, young people's relaxation, middle-aged people's tranquility, old people's exercise, etc. Don't be too cluttered. Forest parks don't want it. Just make it into a small garden. It should be neat and tidy, and it will make people feel safe without being too empty. It should also be combined with the city's cultural characteristics to comprehensively highlight but not include too many elements, and find the positioning of your own city for laying.

It should have the characteristics of the local area or your province, and be eye-catching and attractive.

The most important thing in the planning and planning of urban forest parks is to promote green and pollution-free environment that can purify the air and soul, giving people a comfortable, lively but civilized environment. After all, cities now attach great importance to garbage classification, and garbage classification points should be set up in the planning.

In fact, the most important thing is the environment, civilization, characteristics, history, etc.

Forest park planning, forest park planning, forest park design - Green Vision - the design is quite good Excellent, Green Vision focuses on innovative research on cultural protection and tourism development models, providing cultural enhancement and situational experience innovation in tourist attractions, cultural heritage, large sites, historical and cultural ancient cities, historical blocks, and intangible cultural heritage. We provide full professional services in planning, planning, design, investment and operation consulting for Dudiansen Dingji protection and tourism development projects. The detailed constructive planning of the Wangcunkou Red Ancient Town project in Suichang County, Zhejiang Province, the detailed constructive planning of the Dushan Ancient Village project in Suichang County, Zhejiang Province, the detailed constructive planning of key areas of the Yong'an Great Wall Scenic Area, the overall planning of the Yongqing Buddhist Cultural Scenic Area in Hainan, etc. These are very good planning and design solutions.