How to perform cost accounting in the service industry?

1. There are many types of service industries, such as tourism, catering, sauna, clothing, and labor services. You have to tell us which industry it is.

2. The batch method and step-by-step method of cost accounting are aimed at industrial enterprises, not the commodity circulation and service industries.

3. In the service industry, you need two accounts to calculate costs and expenses, one expense account and one cost account.

4. The expense account registers various expense details, and the cost account registers various cost details, such as employee wages, advertising expenses and catering expenses.

Extended information:

Main principles of cost accounting

Principles that should be followed when calculating costs. Mainly include:

1. principle of legality. It means that the expenses included in the cost must comply with the provisions of laws, decrees, systems, etc. Irregular expenses cannot be included in the cost.

2. Reliability Principle. including authenticity and verifiability. Authenticity means that the cost information provided is consistent with objective economic matters and should not be adulterated or artificially increase or decrease costs. Verifiability means that cost accounting data can be calculated by different accountants according to certain principles, and the same results can be obtained. Authenticity and verifiability are to ensure that cost accounting information is correct and reliable.

3． Relevance principle. Includes the usefulness and timeliness of cost information. Usefulness means that cost accounting should provide useful information to management authorities and serve cost management, forecasting, and decision-making. Timeliness emphasizes the timeliness of information acquisition. Timely information feedback allows timely measures to be taken to improve work. At this time, the information often becomes useless information.

4. The principle of installment accounting. In order to obtain the cost of products produced in a certain period, an enterprise must divide the continuous production activities into various periods according to certain stages (such as months, quarters, and years), and calculate the costs of products in each period respectively. The installments of cost accounting must be consistent with the monthly, quarterly and yearly divisions of the accounting year, which can facilitate the calculation of profits.

5. Accrual basis principle. Expenses that should be borne by the cost of the current period, whether paid or not, will be included in the cost of the current period; expenses that should not be borne by the cost of the current period (that is, have been included in the costs of previous periods, or should be borne by the costs of subsequent periods) (fees), although paid in the current period, should not examine the cost of the current period in order to correctly provide the cost information for each item.

6. Actual cost pricing principle. The raw materials, fuel, and power consumed in production must be calculated based on the actual unit cost of the actual quantity consumed, and the cost of the finished product must be calculated based on the actual cost incurred. Although the accounts of raw materials, fuel, and finished goods can be adjusted to actual costs by adding or subtracting cost differences according to planned costs (or fixed costs, standard costs).

7. Consistency principle. The method used in cost accounting must be consistent in each period, so that the cost data of each period have a unified caliber, are coherent and comparable to each other.

8. The principle of materiality. Projects that have a significant impact on costs should be focused and strive to be precise. And for those trivial items that are less important, you can deal with them more simply.

Accounting method

1. Correctly divide the boundaries of various expenses, such as the boundaries between income expenditures and capital expenditures and non-operating expenditures, the boundaries between product production costs and period expenses, the boundaries between the product costs of this period and the next period's product costs, the boundaries of different product costs, and the boundaries of products in progress. and the boundaries of finished product costs, etc.

2. Conscientiously implement the relevant laws and regulations on cost expenditures, and handle expenditures according to the scope of cost expenditures.

3． Do a good job in the basic work of cost accounting, including: establishing and improving the original vouchers and records of cost accounting, and a reasonable voucher delivery process; formulating consumption quotas for working hours and materials, and strengthening quota management; establishing measurement, acceptance, issuance, and distribution of materials and supplies. Inventory system; formulating internal settlement prices and internal settlement systems.

4. According to the production characteristics and management requirements of the enterprise, select appropriate cost calculation methods, determine the cost calculation objects, the procedures for collecting expenses and including them in product costs, the cost calculation period, and the division method of product costs between finished goods and work in progress. wait. Methods include variety method, batch method and step-by-step method. In addition, there are classification method, quota method and so on.

Reference: Ministry of Justice of China---Accounting Law