How many years has the Summer Palace been burned?

1860,65438+1October,18, Yuanmingyuan was burned. The British and French invaders launched three or four thousand soldiers to burn it, from 18 to 20, which lasted for three days, making the "ten thousand gardens and ten thousand palaces" disappear.

The Summer Palace is in the western suburbs of Beijing.

The royal gardens and palaces in Qing Dynasty were formerly known as Qingyi Garden. The Summer Palace is the last garden among the three mountains and five gardens. It was built in 1750 and built in 1764, with an area of 290 hectares (4,400 mu), and the water surface accounts for about three quarters. Before Qianlong succeeded to the throne, four large royal gardens had been built in the western suburbs of Beijing. The four gardens from Haidian to Xiangshan are self-contained and have no organic connection with each other. The "Wengshanbo" in the middle became a vacant area. Qianlong decided to build Qingyi Garden in Wengshan with huge amount of money, connecting the four gardens on both sides with this as the center, and forming a royal garden area 20 kilometers from Tsinghua campus to Xiangshan.

Qingyi Garden was burnt down in 1860, rebuilt in 1866 and renamed the Summer Palace, severely damaged by Eight-Nation Alliance in 1900, and rebuilt again in 1902. In 2005-2006, the scenic spot and promenade of Foxiang Pavilion were restored.

The Summer Palace is mainly composed of Wanshou Mountain and Kunming Lake, and the water surface accounts for three quarters of the whole garden. It condenses the essence of national garden art. The most ingenious and distinctive design is her 728-meter-long promenade, and the paintings in the promenade have high artistic value. In addition, she also played the role of organically linking all the scenic spots in the garden, which set off the overall beauty of the garden.

Another design feature is her west dike and the bridge over it. The west dike is not a wide dike and has no practical effect. However, the designer insisted on breaking the flat embankment artificially and building "Six Bridges on the West Dike" on the embankment to form a beautiful "Six Bridges on the Willow". The scenery is no less than that of Su Causeway in Hangzhou West Lake, and Yudai Bridge is the most beautiful of the six bridges.

To the south of Kunming Lake is an island specially preserved when the garden was built. People also call it Longwang Temple, and connect it with the east bank of the lake with a 17-hole bridge.

Seventeen-hole Bridge, Longwang Temple and Xidi decorate Kunming Lake, and skillfully use the borrowing scenery technique of China garden art to bring the distant Xishan and Yuquan Mountain into the sight of tourists. The lakes and mountains complement each other and are beautiful.

The third feature of the Summer Palace is its back lake scenic spot, which makes Wanshou Mountain surrounded by water on three sides. Houhu Lake has three functions: viewing, sightseeing and fire prevention, especially the ingenious combination of fire prevention function and garden design, which is similar to a moat around the city wall.

Gan Long Yu ti Shi Bei

Foxiang Pavilion is the architectural center of the whole garden, which is surrounded by mountains and waters. The design of the Summer Palace also focuses on the main scenic spots in China. For example, the Wang Chan Pavilion on Nanhu Island imitates the Yellow Crane Tower in Wuchang, the 17-hole bridge imitates the Lugou Bridge, and the Suzhou Street in the back hills imitates the business street in Suzhou.

Suggestions on the tourist route for foreign guests: After visiting Ninjuji at the East Palace Gate, walk north (right hand) for 10 minutes, and then go to Qiqu Garden through "Purple Gas Coming from the East". Qiqu Garden, modeled after Wuxi Chicken Farm Garden, best represents the characteristics of China gardens, with strong Jiangnan garden characteristics, and is also different from the overall characteristics of the Royal Garden of the Summer Palace, because foreign guests know little about China gardens and Jiangnan gardens. After visiting the Humor Garden, go to Kunming Lake-Yulantang-Leshou Hall-Promenade-Paizhi Temple Scenic Area-Shifang-in order to save time, you can take Ruyimen in the north instead of Suzhou Street.

In the western section of Houhu Lake, a strange stone stands on both sides of the lake bank, which imitates the scenery of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River. Behind Wanshou Mountain, there is also a group of buildings that imitate the Potala Palace in Tibet (above).

If you only have one day to visit Beijing, I suggest you visit the Summer Palace, and don't leave the funny garden (because it is remote).