Huashan detailed information

Huashan, the first batch of national key scenic spots, national AAAAA-level tourist attractions and national key cultural relics protection units. Known as "Xiyue" in ancient times, it is one of the famous five mountains in China. Huashan is located in huayin city, Weinan, Shaanxi, east of xi 120km. Qinling Mountains in the south and Huangwei in the north. Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "the first mountain in the world". [ 1-2]

Huashan is the sacred mountain of the Chinese nation. According to the research of Zhang Taiyan, a master of Chinese studies in the Qing Dynasty, and experts and scholars in previous dynasties, the Chinese nation was originally formed and lived in Huashan Week, and its place is called China. Later, I traveled all over Kyushu, and the name of Hua began to spread widely [2]. China's "Hua" originated from Huashan Mountain, so Huashan Mountain is called "the root of China". [2-4]

Huashan Mountain is the holy land of the mainstream Quanzhen religion of Taoism, and it is also a god widely worshipped by China people, that is, Mount Huashan in Xiyue. By 20 13, there were 72 semi-suspended caves and more than 20 Taoist temples in Huashan, among which Yuquanyuan Temple, Dulong Temple, Presiding Hall and Yue Zhen Palace were listed as national key Taoist temples.

1982, Huashan was promulgated by the State Council as the first batch of national scenic spots; 199 1 year, Huashan was rated as one of the top 40 tourist attractions by the National Tourism Administration. 1999, Huashan was named as a demonstration site of national civilized scenic tourist area by the Central Civilization Committee, the Ministry of Construction and the National Tourism Administration. In 2004, Huashan Mountain was rated as one of the top ten famous mountains in China. 20 1 1, Huashan was rated as a national AAAAA-level tourist attraction by the National Tourism Administration. [5]

Huashan Mountain is also one of the nine scenic spots in China. Huashan Mountain is located in East China Peak (also known as Chaoyang Peak), and Chaoyang Terrace is the best place. Huashan Mountain is also a Taoist resort, the "fourth cave", with famous Taoist experts such as Chen Tuan, Hao Datong and He Yuanxi.

There are more than 2 10 famous scenic spots in Huashan Mountain, including the long sky plank road erected in the air, the flying kites on three sides, the thousands of feet Tower carved on the cliff, the Bai Chi Gorge and the Laojun Plough. Its Chinese Moon Zhang Xian is listed as the first of the eight scenic spots in Guanzhong. [ 1]

Xiyue temple

Xiyue Temple, built in the Han Dynasty, is an important place for emperors to worship the God of Huashan in previous dynasties and a national key cultural relics protection unit.

Xiyue temple

Xiyue Temple covers an area of1.2000 square meters. It was built in the early years of Yuan Guang (BC 1.34). It is the place where China feudal dynasty offered sacrifices to Shao Hao, the god of Huashan Mountain in Xiyue. Throughout the ages, especially in the Ming and Qing dynasties, it has been undergoing renovation and construction. In the forty-two years of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty (1777), it formed a six-entry courtyard scale pattern with heavy city network structure today, which was the largest existing palace garden community in northwest China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. With a large scale and rigorous layout, it resembles the Forbidden City in Beijing and is known as the "Forbidden City in Shaanxi". Because of its earliest construction and largest area, it is called "the first temple in wuyue". [ 14]

Xiyue Temple is quite magnificent. The Wufeng Tower is built on a high platform, with a height of more than 20 meters. Looking up at Huashan Mountain, the five peaks are vivid. Huling Hall, the main hall, is a glazed tile building, located on the top of the mountain, with only one roof. It is located on a broad "convex" platform with 7 rooms wide and 5 rooms deep. Surrounded by cloisters, it is magnificent. Many emperors in the past dynasties sacrificed to Huashan and lived here. There are tablets inscribed by Kangxi, Daoguang and Cixi, such as "Golden Sun and Zhao Duan" and "Fairy Cloud". The whole courtyard is full of lush trees and rugged rocks, full of garden interest. There are many inscriptions in Xiyue Temple, including the Kazuki Watanabe musician Temple Monument in the Later Zhou Dynasty, the Huashan Monument in the Tang Xuanzong of the Ming Dynasty, and the Huashan Lying Map in the Wanli Period of the Ming Dynasty. At the beginning of the picture, there are poems and pictures of Huashan written by famous people in Tang and Song Dynasties such as Wang Wei, Li Bai, Du Fu and Chen Tuan. There is also the stone forehead of Qianlong's imperial book Lian Yue Lingshu. There are many inscriptions in Xiyue Temple, including the Kazuki Watanabe musician Temple Monument in the Later Zhou Dynasty, the Huashan Monument in the Tang Xuanzong of the Ming Dynasty, and the Huashan Lying Map in the Wanli Period of the Ming Dynasty. At the beginning of the picture, there are poems and pictures of Huashan written by famous people in Tang and Song Dynasties such as Wang Wei, Li Bai, Du Fu and Chen Tuan. There is also the stone forehead of Qianlong's imperial book Lian Yue Lingshu.

Jinsuo Pass

Jinsuo Pass is a stone arch bridge built at Sanfengkou, which is the throat artery from Wu Yunfeng to the east and west south peaks, but there is no way to pass after being blocked. Du Fu's poem "Looking at Yue" refers to this place. According to Taoism, Hua Yue is a fairy house, and only through Tiantongmen can it be considered as a fairyland. So there is the folk song "After Jinsuo Pass, it will get heavier every day".

Jinsuo Pass

The Guanmen Building was built in the Tang Dynasty, and it was renovated and repaired by Taoist Hu Zhenhai in the late Ming Dynasty. In the eighteenth year of Kangxi, Taoism was rebuilt in Yin and Yang. Taoist Yuan Gaoshan was rebuilt in 34 years. 1955 Taoist Han fasheng rebuilt. Due to natural and man-made disasters, the original building was destroyed, leaving only remnants. 1985, the people's government rebuilt the city gate, and the shape and scale were better than before. Jinsuo Pass is connected to Wu Yunfeng in the north and Huashan in the south. The valleys on the east and west sides are as deep as thousands of feet, with only one meter of stone steps before closing. Gu Song is surrounded by green, strange stones and auspicious clouds, and the scenery is very beautiful. Before the station closes, you can see the Jinji guarding the jade letter and strange stone in the north and the Tiger Mouth landscape in the west. Couple lock and safety lock are respectively set on the iron ropes on both sides of the mountain climbing road outside the customs, overlapping each other, and the red rope color line is swaying with the wind, which is a beautiful landscape before the customs.

Heilongling

Heilongling is one of the famous dangerous roads in Huashan Mountain, which is located at the foot of Jiuku Tainan and Wuyunfeng. It is named for its dark appearance and dragon-like terrain. Many tourists are frightened by the topography of thousands of feet, the most famous of which is the story of Han Yu crying for help, which triggered a lot of relevant allusions and textual research, and thus left the cultural heritage of "Han retired to write books".

Heilongling

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, with the increasing number of emperors offering sacrifices to Huashan God, there was a big move to rebuild Huashan Road. There were 250 stone steps in Heilongling. Therefore, there is a story among the people that Bi Yuan, the governor of Shaanxi Province, dug Heilongling during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. The story tells that when Bi Yuan asked the masons to chisel the ridge, it rained blood for three days in Chang 'an. It turned out that Black Dragon Ridge was a living dragon, and it was hacked to death by Lord Bi. It is said that since Huashan broke Long Mai, there would be no such big names as Yang Zhen and Sui Wendi. During the Republic of China, the stone steps on the ridge increased to 350. After the founding of New China, the people's government expanded and repaired the dangerous road of Heilong for many times. The guardrail was strengthened year by year, and the stone steps increased to more than 530 steps. In order to avoid the peak season congestion, Huashan Administration dug a hiking trail in the east Feiyuling of Heilongling in the spring of 1998 to ensure the safety of tourists.

Sky plank road

Sky plank road

Located outside the Nantianmen Gate, the aerial plank road is the first of Huashan's famous dangerous roads. The plank road is divided into three sections:

From Shifang in Nantianmen to the west of Yuan Chaodong, the road is cut according to the cliff, 20 meters long and 2 feet wide, which is the upper section.

When it is folded down, the cliff gap crosses the iron fence, which is shaped like a hanging ladder in the air. Visitors have to pull down the rope step by step, which is called "chicken off the shelf" and is the middle section.

Then fold into the lower part of the west. Road builders cut holes in the cliff, wedged them into the piles, and set up three wooden rafters between the piles. At this time, tourists must put their faces on their stomachs and step on the wooden rafters to move forward.

Aerial plank road is one of the risks in Huashan dangerous road. Throughout the ages, there have been an endless stream of successful explorers, including many scholars and celebrities, including many masterpieces handed down from generation to generation. Taihuashan written by Li Panlong, one of the "last seven sons" in the Ming Dynasty, describes it this way: "Going west from the worse gate is a plank road. Although the stack is protected by copper columns and iron cables, it is not wide enough. Walk more than twenty feet to the end. It folds down into a well, about three feet high, and then comes out into a pile. " [ 15]

Thousands of feet Zhuang

Thousands of feet Zhuang

Thousands of feet Building, located on the back stone, is the first dangerous place in Huashan Mountain. The wall of the mountain building stands upright, and only two people can walk up and down during the period. The chains on both sides are suspended vertically with a slope of 70. More than 370 steps up and down are not wide enough.

At the top of thousands of feet Building, there is a cave that can only accommodate one person. When tourists climb the last stone steps, they walk out of the cave, so this cave is called "patio". There is a platform on the "patio", and the carved "Taihua Throat" vividly illustrates the shape of the road here. The "Bai Chi Gorge" on the stage is the upper part of the throat, and the platform under the gorge looks like a prominent throat. The thousands of feet building below the "patio" is the lower part of the throat. The whole road here is shaped like a person's throat and esophagus, narrow, convex and long. The "patio" mouth is the middle section of the "Taihua throat". If we block it from now on, it's a dead end. Han Zipei, a remnant bandit of the Kuomintang, once put an iron cover at the entrance of the "patio" in an attempt to stick to Huashan Mountain. Eight soldiers of the People's Liberation Army flew over the natural barrier, wiped out a class of troops stationed here and made way for reinforcements.

"thousands of feet Building" was built in Han Dynasty. The original road to mountain climbing was not in this site, but in Huangfugou, east of Huashan Mountain, where Wang boarded Huashan Mountain with an iron hook. Up to now, there are still two stone carvings under the platform of Dongfeng Expo. According to "Seven Repairs", the road to Lianfeng was blocked, which was discovered by someone seeing the gap between the upper and lower cliffs of apes from Beidouping. Explorers climbed along the monkey trail. In Du Fu's poems, the "Thousand-Foot Building" is simply mentioned: "The carriage enters the valley, no way back, and the arrow contains the door to the sky." After liberation, the number of tourists increased year by year, and the roads were overhauled twice. Later, in thousands of feet Building and Bai Chi Canyon, a two-way road was opened, which was the ascending road and the descending road respectively.

Baichixia

Bai Chi Gorge, located in the north of Wanzhangzhuang, is the second dangerous place to climb Mount Hua.

Baichixia

"Bai Chi Gorge" is also called "Baizhang Cliff". The two walls were about to close, but they were pushed away by two flying stones. People are afraid to get under the stone and the stone will fall between two walls. This is the "thrilling stone". Only through this stone can the hanging heart be put down, and then look back at the two stones stuck here, big and small, to be safe and sound, so this stone is also called "Anxin Stone". In Han Yu's poems, there is a description of "I am brilliant and murderous".

cut/make/throw/turn somersaults

The kite flying over the East Peak of Huashan Mountain is the only way to the chess house. It is one of the famous dangerous roads in Huashan. Its road is cut on the cliff of the east wind, and the cold rope is hanging in the air, but there is no path. At this point, visitors must pull the rope on the wall, explore the stone nest with their toes and descend alternately. Some of the steps must be flipped from left to right like an eagle kite, hence the name "kite flip".

cut/make/throw/turn somersaults

From the visual impact, kites are not as good as sky plank roads, but it is more difficult to turn over. First, the stairs are inclined and inclined inward. Secondly, the chain is too loose, and the swing range is too large to grasp. Moreover, people climb from top to bottom, and the cliff inclines inward, so it is a bit difficult to see the foothold with their eyes. This requires the full cooperation of hands, eyes, feet and knees. In the whole process of kite flip, there should be no slack. Hold your hand, keep your eyes fixed, hold your knees and keep your feet stable. Concentrate, concentrate. In terms of difficulty, this kite has one more star to turn over than the plank road in the sky. Be careful. If you can't see it, try it with your feet. Climb down one pit at a time. There is a short chain that can only catch one side. This paragraph needs to master the balance of the body.

Laojunligou

Laojun's furrow is located above Qunxian Temple. It is said that there is no road here. It was driven by an old Gigi Lai with an iron plow. It is shaped like a furrow left by ploughing, so it is called "Laojun furrow". At the beginning, people climbed up and down Huashan from the stone caves on both sides of the furrow, and they can still see the stone caves on both sides of the furrow. Local legend: "thousands of feet Building, Bai Chi Gorge, Laojun plows slowly."

Laojunligou

Like thousands of feet Tower and Bai Chi Gorge, "Laojun Plow" is the only way to climb Huashan Mountain. Today, at the upper right of the furrow, 27 1 stone steps were cut, and the chains on both sides hung down, making it safer to walk.

"Laojun ploughing" was originally "Laojun leaving the soil". In the words of Taoism, this is to leave the dust and reach the fairyland. According to legend, Li Er, the founder of Taoism, was once here, so it was "the place where the old gentleman left the world". Because "Li Tu" and "Plow" are homophonic, and this place is shaped like a plow, and there are legends of lying cow stone, green cow tree in Yuemiao and the place where the old man in Beifeng hangs a plow, people think that this place is no different from "Laojun Plow".

The first bridal chamber in the world

The word "bridal chamber" in Wedding Night originated from the west peak of Huashan Mountain. In the past, because Huashan Road was difficult to climb, most people stopped, which provided an excellent place for some people who wanted to practice secretly in the early days. However, it is difficult to find materials for building temples on mountains, so hermits live in caves to practice enlightenment.

The first bridal chamber in the world

According to legend, Xiao Shihe's daughter Princess, who practiced flute in Huashan, went to Xifeng Lotus Cave to light candles and get married before they both became immortals, and the "first wedding room in the world" came from this. Therefore, Huashan is a mountain of love and a witness of love. Whether it is a caring couple, a first lover or a lover, going to Huashan together will be affectionate. Nowadays, the Lotus Cave is full of sculptures and has a strong cultural atmosphere. It is a good place for tourists to take a break on the way to explore sweetness. In recent years, the management committee of the scenic spot has held a series of "Huashan Witness" collective weddings, and more than 100 couples have been married in Huashan successively, making this ancient mountain of love perfect and fashionable. [3]

Maonvdong

"Catwoman Cave" is the abbreviation of "Catwoman Cave Down the House", which is located at the foot of Catwoman Peak and named after Catwoman.

Maonvdong

During the Han Dynasty, Liu Xiang once praised Mao Nv: "Turning jade into ginger, escaping from the times. The real person gives the party, and the meal is loose for food. Cause and effect succeed, and life is prolonged. I am proud of the cliff and send a happy harp. " In the early Song Dynasty, after Chen Tuan went to Huashan to live in seclusion, he also wrote a poem "Ode to Miss Mao", describing Miss Mao's expression: "I once made chestnut leaves as a treasure sacrifice. Sometimes I ask Qin Gong and laugh at the fairy flowers. "

Later, the legend about the long-haired girl became more and more bizarre. In the early years of Emperor Taizong, Tao Taibai went to Huashan to collect herbs, saying that he had not only seen Maonv, but also chatted with Maonv. Cai Yuanchang sacrificed Huashan in Yue Temple, and heard the anecdote of Maonv, so he thought about it. The followers found a strange thing in the drunken furnace of Yue Temple and told Chang Yuan. When he saw it, it turned out to be a woman, covered in green hair, staring at people and walking like a fly. Later, Cai Yuanchang ordered a portrait of Miss Mao to be sacrificed every year. Yan Guangmin, a man of A Qing Dynasty, deeply sympathized with the experience of Mao Nv, and complained about the martyrdom system of feudal system: "People preach Mao Nv Feng, but when they hear Mao Nv Qin. If you want to write about the grievances of Qin Gong, you will hear more about the empty mountains. " According to legend, "Catwoman Cave" is famous for its melodious drums and guitar sound. The "Douping" on the Maonv Cave is said to be a place where Maonv doesn't know whether she is hungry or cold. Whenever it is dead of night, it is dedicated to Beidou.

Today, the Catwoman Cave still exists, but it is difficult to climb the road. It has been blocked by Cao Jing and has been uninhabited for a long time. There used to be a temple under the Maonv Peak called the Maonv Cave Xiadian, and the locals immediately called the Xiadian Maonv Cave. The original building was destroyed during the Cultural Revolution, and now 1987 is used to rebuild Sheyu.

The whole stone

Quanzhen Rock is a famous cultural landscape in Huashan, and it belongs to one of the top ten unsolved mysteries in Huashan. This is a huge rock, hanging in the south of the top of the pine and cypress. Out of the Nantian plank road, you can reach the bottom of the rock, and there is a stone room between the rock belly, which is a place for self-cultivation opened by He Zhizhen, a Quanzhen Taoist in the early Yuan Dynasty.

The whole stone

There are many historical records about Quanzhenyan. "Three Things" contains: "There is a rock next to the quiet room, which is dozens of feet high and covers its room far away, and the word' Quanzhen Rock' is written on it." According to "Hua Yue Tujing", Quanzhen Rock is about seven or eight feet high, so it is impossible for ordinary people to engrave in such a place, unless they are immortals who can walk on clouds. Lv Wang, a master of calligraphy and painting in the Ming Dynasty, recorded vividly in The South Wind: The rock was like a bent man's head, which covered the stone chamber in the abdomen from a distance. The top of Daokan Rock is engraved with the words "Quanzhen Rock" and painted red. There are no immortals in the world, and lettering must be done by people, but in such a special position, it is impossible to go up and down unless it is suspended in the air. How the ancients did this is still unknown.

"Historical Records" also records that someone tried to extend the inscription to the rock with a large reward, but finally regretted giving up because he could not reach the place where the inscription was engraved. Folklore records what He Zhizhen did.

Zhenwudian

It was built to worship Zhenwu the Great, the northern god guarding Kyushu.

Zhenwudian

Jiaogong Stone Chamber, Xianyou Palace and Shentu Cliff are all named after the legend of Jiaogong Light. According to legend, during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, a Taoist lived alone in Yuntai Mountain, eating Xia and drinking dew, avoiding the valley, and there were often three bluebirds around him, reporting his future to him. Hearing his name, Emperor Yuwen Yong of the Han Dynasty went to the mountain pavilion to inquire, and ordered a palace to be built in front of Jiaogong Changchun Stone Room for him to live in. When the palace was built, there was no soil on the peak and there was insufficient lamp oil. When Jiao Daoguang prayed silently, mud gushed from the cliff. oil