Introduction of Myanmar's second and fourth special zones?

The Wa nationality in the second special zone covers an area of 30,000 square kilometers and is inhabited by 16 ethnic groups such as Wa, Lahu, Shan, Kachin, Han and Aini, among which Wa nationality accounts for 70% and the population is about 600,000.

Wa State (the second special zone of Shan State) is located at the junction of China, Thailand and Laos, covering an area of 40,000 square kilometers. Most of them are mountainous areas with a population of 600,000. There are 25 ethnic groups, of which 70% are Wa. The whole region is divided into three special zones and four counties, with Bangkang as its capital. It is said that 50% of the illegal drugs sold in North America come from this region. 1996, after the United Wa army cooperated with the Burmese government forces to defeat the drug Lord Khun Sa, it became the most powerful local armed force in the Golden Triangle, with more than 20,000 troops.

There are Mengmao County, Gao Wen County, Meng Bo County, Bangkang Special Zone, Deng Nan Special Zone and Longtan Special Zone in northern Wa State, which are referred to as three counties and three special zones for short. All counties and special zones have their own characteristic landscapes, cultural relics and historical sites and natural resources. There are still many projects to be developed. The south of Wa State is a corner of the "Golden Triangle". It is the most mysterious and charming legendary place in the world. There are already many local forces. Heroes of all ages dominate here, compete for the championship and finally become a thing of the past.

Wa State is the second special zone in Myanmar, which consists of two regions: the north and the south. The northern region is located in the northeast of Myanmar, with a latitude of 22-23 degrees north and a longitude of 98- 100 degrees east. It borders Gengma County, Cangyuan County, Lancang County, Ximeng County and Menglian County in China, Lincang District in Yunnan and Menghai County in Xishuangbanna. The northern region is boldly connected with the First Special Zone of Myanmar, adjacent to the Fourth Special Zone of Shan State in Myanmar in the east, and facing salween (called Nujiang in China), the second largest river in Myanmar, across the river in the west. The area is about 1.7 million square kilometers. The southern region borders Thailand, with an area of about10.3 million square kilometers and a population of about 200,000. The south and north are under the jurisdiction of Myanmar government forces, and the important cities are Jingdong and tachilek.

The history of Wa State is very simple, which can be basically divided into three stages: the first stage is the long primitive tribal era before 1968, the second stage is the Myanmar * * * period from 1968 to 1989, and the third stage is the peace since 1989.

United Wa State Party

The Wa Unity Party was founded on February 20th, 1988. Formerly known as democratic unionist party, a Burmese nationality, it was renamed the Wa Unity Party on October 4th due to the situation1989165438+/kloc-0. It is a pioneer organization composed of outstanding children of the people of all ethnic groups in the second special zone of Myanmar (Wa State) and the core force leading the revolutionary movement, people's organizations, armed forces and people's political power in the second special zone of Myanmar (Wa State). The party's organizational principle is democratic centralism. 199212 On February 20th, the United Wa Party held its first party congress in Bangkang. Adopted the party's program and articles of association. Zhao Nilai, Bao, Li Ziru, Zhao Ming and Xiao were elected as CPC The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC). Zhao Nilai was elected General Secretary, and Zhao Ming and Xiao were Deputy Secretary General.

The basic policy line of Wa State

According to the disaster of decades of war in Myanmar, the Wa State United Party Central Committee formulated the strategic line of "holding high the banner of peace and democracy with one hand and armed self-defense with the other", "striving for regional ethnic autonomy" and "taking economic construction as the center and military forces as the backing" in time. In economic construction and commercial activities, the second Wa Special Zone of Myanmar has formulated the policy of "introducing capital, technology and talents". According to the reality that the second special zone of Myanmar (Wa State) is inhabited by many ethnic groups, the ethnic policy of "all ethnic groups, big or small, are members of the ethnic family in the second special zone of Myanmar (Wa State), and all ethnic groups are equal, United and harmonious, learn from each other and make progress together, and oppose both big nationalism and narrow local nationalism" has been formulated. The religious policy of "freedom of belief without splitting the country, the second Wa state, the nation and the political power" was formulated. We have formulated a foreign relations policy of "unity, harmony, peaceful coexistence, common development and non-interference in each other's internal affairs".

The fourth special zone

The fourth special zone in the eastern part of Shan State was established on June 30th, 1989 at/kloc-0, located in the northeast border of Shan State Plateau, adjacent to Xishuangbanna, China. Covering an area of 4,952 square kilometers, it is inhabited by Ai, Shan, Bulang, Wa, Kokang and Myanmar 13 ethnic groups with a population of more than 74,000, and its capital is Mengla. The SEZ is divided into three districts, namely Mengla, Nanbang and Selai. Buddhism is closely related to the culture and customs of the Fourth Special Zone. Every village in the Fourth Special Zone has temples and pagodas, with unique natural landscape and extremely rich tourism resources. The fourth special zone is controlled by Peng Jiasheng's son-in-law Lin Mingxian. Mengla and Laojie are famous gambling cities. In the mid-1990s, the first SAR was divided internally. Because Yang and others opposed drug control, Yang rebelled and lost. He led troops from China and fled to the fourth special zone to take refuge in his son-in-law. Later, he made a comeback. Of course, Peng entered China and handed over his weapon.

Most of the four special zones in Shan State and Kachin State use drugs as a source of funds for military activities. After drug control, gambling and pornography were used as alternative industries in three of the four special zones, and only the third special zone had no casinos.

Political history of special zone

Myanmar SAR has a very close relationship with China. It used to be the territory of China and a part of Yunan Province. This part of the land was officially defined as Myanmar territory when China and Myanmar demarcated in 1962. Many people know that Outer Mongolia used to be China's territory, but few people know that today Myanmar also has a part of China's territory, which was recently allocated to Myanmar. This part of Myanmar, now known as the Special Zone, still bears a deep China brand. I went to Myanmar, which is not much different from China. I speak Chinese, use RMB, listen to China pop songs in my ears, there are China martial arts films in the video hall, and all kinds of shops only have Chinese signs. All the goods displayed in the shop are made in Kana. Only the occasional ragged Burmese soldiers tell people that this is not People's Republic of China (PRC), but a special zone in Myanmar. Bordering Baoshan is the Third Special Zone of Myanmar, with Ding Ying as the commander. As guests of Baoshan Municipal People's Government, Ding Ying and Myanmar politicians often come to Baoshan.

Yunnan natives do not need to apply for passports and other things to go abroad when they go to Myanmar. They only need to hold their ID cards and get a border pass to go abroad. Some people even find it troublesome to apply for a permit, so they simply go out by the side door and go back to China by the original road. No one will label him "smuggling". There is a local saying that going abroad is easier than saving.

In the late period of the Cultural Revolution, many young intellectuals in Baoshan went to Myanmar as Burma, and the slogan at that time was "planting the great red flag of Mao Zedong Thought all over the world". Some of these educated youths have contributed their youth and precious lives to the realization of "the happiness of the Burmese people" and "Nena Xiongnai" in Myanmar. Some people are missing and don't know which countries they have gone to; Only a few people saved their lives in the hail of bullets, created a world, gained a certain position in Myanmar and mastered a certain number of guns. These people later broke with Myanmar and became warlords on the border between China and Myanmar. Li Ziru, the most influential student in Baoshan No.1 Middle School, is the most powerful deputy commander of Wajun in the second special zone among the four special zones in Myanmar. Li Ziru is actually the founder and commander-in-chief of the Wa army. Because he thought that he was not a Wa nationality, which was not conducive to a foothold in Wa State, he introduced his subordinate Bao as the commander-in-chief and served as his deputy. In fact, major decisions are still decided by him. Li Ziru was a sophomore in Baoshan No.1 Middle School during the Cultural Revolution. After serving as deputy commander in Myanmar, he often returned to his hometown in Baoshan to visit relatives and friends, and died in 2005.

These former Burmese military leaders, who are also de facto warlords, will continue their warlord rule in the name of the SAR after negotiations with the Burmese military authorities. Here is a brief introduction to the situation of each special zone:

From 1986 to 1989, Myanmar * * * was completely disintegrated, and the former territory was divided into four, becoming the first special zone of Shan State (Kokang), the second special zone of Wa State, the third special zone of Kachin State and the fourth special zone of eastern Shan State.