What problems should be paid attention to when using folk culture to develop tourism?

Tourism is a new economic industry with multiple functions such as economy, society, environment and culture. It has played an important role in adjusting industrial structure, increasing fiscal revenue, promoting local economic development, expanding market demand and increasing employment opportunities, and has become the golden key for some remote and backward places with slow economic development and inconvenient transportation to get rid of poverty and become rich. Tourism is a kind of cultural consumption activity, because most tourism activities have rich cultural connotations. As far as tourists are concerned, they mainly want to experience different cultures and lifestyles, visit important historical sites, enjoy natural beauty, enjoy the elegance of nature, buy souvenirs, handicrafts and gifts with special significance, taste exquisite food, and take a vacation or visit for their own career and study. These are mostly cultural lifestyle consumption and cultural tourism. All aspects of tourism activities are directly related to the cultural significance of tourism resources. It can be said that tourism resources are mainly a cultural existence that can meet the psychological needs of tourists.

In China's tourism industry, most places of interest representing different cultural connotations have become tourist hotspots. Generally speaking, every region and nation has its own unique way of life and customs, which is an important embodiment of regional characteristics and has unique aesthetic value. In all aspects of life in various regions, the customs and habits formed in the long-term historical development of the region or the nation can best show a kind of folk customs and cultural characteristics. The strong regionality and folklore in folk culture reflect the accumulation of lifestyle and psychological quality in a region, and it is also the most direct and authentic expression of the characteristics of the region. Because folk customs are national, regional, inherited and collective, folk tourism can be said to be the best form to explore the aesthetic value of traditional characteristics.

Folk tourism is a high-level cultural tourism. Because it meets the psychological needs of tourists, it has become one of the important contents of tourism behavior and tourism development. A sample survey in China shows that 26% of American tourists come to China to appreciate historical sites, while 56.7% of them are most interested in the lifestyle and customs of China people. At present, folk tourism has flourished in both developed and developing countries: the Museum of Life in North America, a "migrant village" composed of houses, sheds, bunkers and orchards built in the same format, reproduces the life, labor and customs of European immigrants who arrived in the United States hundreds of years ago; C? te d 'Ivoire used unique and exquisite artificial masks to express its traditional culture, and also held a national dance festival. Based on the curiosity of western tourists, Tunisia has developed its tourism industry by using folk culture such as indigenous villages, historical sites, caves, national costumes, chariots and horses, and has become a major tourist country in Africa and Arab countries. In China, there are also many successful examples of folk culture tourism development. For example, 199 1, the development of folk culture villages in Shenzhen has achieved good economic benefits. The development of Yunnan folk tourism has also made great contributions to Yunnan becoming a major tourist province. Folk tourism in Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, allows us to understand the development track of Shanxi merchants while visiting ... all these reflect the importance attached by modern tourism development to folk culture. In the development of folk cultural tourism, in addition to paying attention to its own cultural value, the author believes that the following issues should also be considered:

First, the sustainable development of folk culture tourism development

The development of folk culture will inevitably interfere with the original order and development process of folk culture, so that backward areas will be impacted by tourists' foreign culture. Confusion and blind imitation of local residents' thoughts and behaviors will dilute the characteristics of the original culture, and then destroy the characteristics of tourism resources in the long run, thus affecting the sustainable development of folk culture tourism resources.

This phenomenon has occurred in many areas of our country. With the deepening of reform and opening up, more and more people pursue fashionable modern life, and most folk cultural forms gradually fade out of life and become a corner that people gradually forget. Folklore development has never been followed up, and many people are in danger of breaking off diplomatic relations. There are also some folk-custom tourist villages whose daily life has been unrecognizable under the influence of the outside world, and they are converging with the outside world, and the number of people who master traditional folk-custom skills is gradually decreasing. Recently, Henan University conducted a summer social practice survey. They organized a folk culture investigation team and visited Sanmenxia, Luoyang, Zhengzhou, Kaifeng, Shangqiu and other places along the Yellow River Basin. In their investigation, they found that the current situation of folk culture along the Yellow River is very worrying. Many people think that the modern lifestyle will inevitably eliminate those traditional and backward things, and because the economic benefits of folk culture have not been discovered in many areas, in cities, except for some parks that regularly organize some folk performances, only a few elderly artists will perform folk arts such as Taoism and shadow play, and some have even disappeared completely. It is not difficult to imagine that in the long run, our precious cultural heritage will disappear under our neglect.

Although we know that folk customs are developing and changing, and there are some unhealthy and unscientific elements in folk culture, we should seriously take its essence and discard its dross, but at the same time, we should also reflect folk culture as truly as possible and keep its original ecological side. We should realize that only the nationality belongs to the world, and without its own folk culture characteristics, it will basically lose the vitality of folk culture and cannot realize the sustainable development of folk tourism.

Second, the content selection of folk culture tourism development folk culture is a very extensive social and cultural composition, which takes folk culture and customs as the main body, including production and life customs, entertainment competition customs, festival customs, etiquette system customs, folk literature and art, etc. , its content is very complicated. In the process of tourism development, we should understand the development object and carefully choose the development content. The more distinctive the local folk culture is, the more different it is from the cultural customs of tourist destinations, and the more attractive it is. Therefore, when choosing development projects, we should focus on the distinctive parts. Third, the issue of development benefits As an industrial tourism, its development purpose is to pursue certain economic benefits. As an integral part of tourism, the development of folk tourism has its own complexity. On the one hand, it has to pursue economic benefits. It is necessary to promote regional economy through food, housing, transportation, employment and investment promotion. On the other hand, we can't just pay attention to making money, and let the cultural folk tourism affect the embodiment of cultural connotation because of its strong commercial atmosphere. Grasping the balance between the two is the long-term plan for our tourism development.

In the process of developing folk tourism projects, we should first choose the appropriate management system, and then pay attention to the location characteristics of the development areas. The tourism development of folk culture should carefully select the site, pay attention to the accessibility and environmental conditions of the development area, and try to rely on cities with large permanent population and floating population to form a product portfolio and optimize the investment effect.

Third, the combination of folk culture tourism development must first deal with the relationship between a single scenic spot and a tourist area. An isolated scenic spot is unattractive and inaccessible in the market, so try to combine it into a tourist route for development. Secondly, to develop an ideal folk culture tourist resort, we should achieve the harmonious unity of culture, homesickness and landscape, so that tourists can truly experience culture and homesickness from scenery and things, and make tourism activities richer, more real and more meaningful.

Finally, tourism shopping is also a link that should be paid attention to in the process of tourism development. Tourism shopping is the most elastic factor in tourism consumption, especially in folk tourism. Because folk tourism products can better satisfy tourists' novelty psychology and display local folk culture, their development is promising. Vigorously developing commemorative, scientific, practical and strong national and local characteristics of tourism commodities, food, clothing and handicrafts is a key project to develop folk tourism. Consolidating traditional products and boldly developing new products will surely provide strong support for the success of folk tourism development.

In a word, folk tourism can be said to be a bright pearl in the development of contemporary tourism. It will show us the profound cultural connotation of the Chinese nation with its traditional, mysterious and charming charm. As tourism workers, we should make it last forever and keep emitting charming light.