What does "Those who flee from emptiness will flee when they hear the sound of someone's footsteps" mean?

"Those who run away from emptiness will feel happy when they hear the sound of people's footsteps."

The sentence "Fleeing from emptiness": Sima Biaoyun: "Escape, patrol. Therefore, the place where the ruined tomb is is empty." "Shut up, the sound of pedestrians' footsteps. The whole sentence is: People who patrol the old tombs see desolation. When they hear the footsteps of others, they feel happy that they have companions.

Preface to the district register ①

Yangshan is the poorest place in the world2. The land has dangers of hills and dangers of tigers and leopards. The current of the river is strong and swift, and there are often stones and swords and halberds thrown by the waves. The boat loses its power up and down, and there are often people who are broken and drowned. There are no residents in the county, and there are no official officials. There are more than ten families of petty officials among the deserted grass and bamboos in the Jiajiang River, and they all speak like birds. From the beginning, if you can't understand the language, you can draw characters on the ground, and then you can ask for rent and pay for about 6 years. Therefore, guests and tourists arrive with nothing to do. The more I punished him, he was half a year old.

Some people born in the area vowed to be good friends and came from the South China Sea in a boat7. He rose from the guest level 8, and his appearance was very majestic. He sat talking to him, and his writing and meaning were outstanding. Zhuang Zhouyun said: "Those who escape from emptiness will be happy when they hear the sound of someone's feet!" How can it be easy to find such a person? When I entered my room and heard the words of benevolence and righteousness in "Poems" and "Books", I was overjoyed. If you are interested in it. With him, he sits on a rocky rock in Yijia Forest, casting a pole and fishing, enjoying himself peacefully. If he can leave behind his voice and prowess, he will not be tired of being poor and lowly. It is auspicious at the beginning of the year 12. I return to pay homage to my relatives. The wine pot is tilted, so I can identify it 13.

Explanation:

This preface was written by Han Yu in the spring of the 21st year of Zhenyuan (805 AD) to young friends in the district register when he was exiled to Yangshan. District register, life unknown. In this short article, I record the author's unforgettable interactions with him in Yangshan. The scenes blend together and have endless charm.

According to the traditional way of writing a gift preface, you should say farewell at the beginning. However, this preface starts with "Yangshan, the poorest place in the world". It starts suddenly and grabs the attention first, and then closely focuses on the word "poor" to "photograph" Yangshan from a bird's-eye view from a high place. The momentum poured down, making people run wild with their imaginations; they seemed to see the steep cliffs of Yangshan Mountain, where tigers and leopards were infested; the high and dangerous gorges of rivers and rivers, the tragic scenes of boats capsizing and people dying; the desolate and lonely outskirts of the city, the dilapidated and shabby county offices; people's The appearance is mysterious and the culture is backward. In this paragraph, Han Yu's mood after arriving at Yangshan is not directly revealed, but from the exaggerated words "world" at the beginning of the chapter, from the extremely exaggerated rendering of Yangshan's "poverty", from the "waiting" at the end of the paragraph The irony of "sin", which contains dissatisfaction and sarcasm, has made people deeply feel Han Yu's frustrated, lonely, and lonely situation and mood after being demoted to Yangshan.

The second paragraph describes Han Yu's relationship with the district director. The joy of seeing the same Yangshan Mountain makes people feel that the Yangshan Mountain described by the author is no longer dangerous and thrilling, but has lush green trees, harmonious birds, clear rivers, and picturesque scenery on both sides. I feel friendly, happy and relaxed.

Notes:

① Fang's "Juzheng": "Chunyangshan wrote in the 21st year of Zhenyuan. Hong Qingshan said that the district register is the district's Hong Kong. Examining the whole story, it is not true. ” An additional note in the Wei version: “There is a poem in the collection called "Send District Hong to Return to the South", and the speaker said that the book is Hong Ye. This is said in the poem that sent Hongnan home. District Yin Ou, after District Ye, the old version was called District, and the current version is called Ou Hong, which is wrong. "This preface was written before leaving Yangshan in the 21st year of Zhenyuan.

2 "Yuanhe County Chronicles" Volume 30 "Hunan Road" Lianzhou Guan County has Yangshan County: "In the upper middle, One hundred and forty-seven miles northwest to the state. " Note: Being poor means that the sky is as far as the end of the earth. Perhaps because of the "Lu You" in the following text, it means that the land is barren. However, the students came here to study, so why should they be afraid of the barren land? This means that they are not afraid of dangers and distances. And the tigers and leopards in the hills and the drowning of the rivers have nothing to do with poverty.

3. Lian Li Pi Ji and Ji: Lian, edge; sharp, sharp; Pi, equal; sword and halberd, ancient weapon, two-edged sword. , Ji Sanfeng. This refers to the sharp stone in Yangshan River.

4. Huangzhu: Huang is the general name of bamboo.

5. Bird. Yan Yimian: Bird language, speaking like a bird, difficult to understand. Han Yu is from Henan, and he didn't understand the language. It seems that he didn't mean to slander him. He means that his appearance is different from that of the Dongyi people in ancient times. , Xirong, Nanman, and Beidi. Here, Yangshan people are called "Yimian", which has an obvious meaning of contempt.

6 Fengqiu: Feng, accept and abide by; period, deadline. ; Covenant, regulations. For example, there are certain deadlines for collecting summer taxes and autumn taxes, and other regulations that the people must abide by, etc.

7 Nazhou: rowing, punting. Sima Biaoyun: "Nai, radial." Also, sound Rao. "Oar, used as a verb, to row a boat with an oar.

8. Guest steps: West steps. In the ancient ceremony of receiving guests, the guest went up from the west steps and the host went up from the east steps.

9 "Escape from the void" sentence: Sima Biaoyun: "Escape, patrol. Therefore, there is emptiness in the ruined tomb. "Tilting, the sound of pedestrians' footsteps. The whole sentence is: People patrolling the old tombs see desolation. When they hear the footsteps of others, they feel that they have companions, and they feel happy.

10 Yi Jialin : Yin, hidden; Jialin, beautiful trees. This means enjoying the coolness under the forest. 11 Shiji: There is a rock in the water or beside the water.

The auspicious beginning of the 12th year: refers to the first month of the lunar calendar.

13. Recognition: Preface to remember the farewell.

Comments:

Zeng Guofan said: "The poem "Sending District Hongnan Return" is arrogant and ups and downs. This article was written at one time, so the route and the sentences are clean and strong, and they are in harmony with the poem. Similar."

Lin Shu said: "There is no examination of the life of the district register, or there is an unknown person in the South China Sea. It is said that the words "Ruo" and "Ruo" are both expressive and eloquent, and readers cannot help but suspect that Changli's writing has a certain sense of propriety, but it is not excessive. It is said, "If you are determined to do so", and then "If you can leave behind your reputation and not be tired of being poor and lowly", the word 'ruo' is an undetermined word, covering people who are living in a smoky area and talking to birds. When you are in the company, you will naturally praise it too much, but it is still limited, so it becomes everyone's article." Junfeng added: "The language of the article is concise, implicit, and full of imagery and imagery. expressiveness.

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