Heilongjiang border tourism raiders border tourism routes

The starting point of National Highway 3 18 is S Square, Huangpu District, Shanghai. The destination is the Sino-Nepalese Friendship Bridge in nyalam county, Shigatse, which is called the Shanghai Nepal Line. It is a national highway in East China, Central China and Southwest China, with a total length of 5,476 kilometers. Established in 1993 and completed in 1996. Passing through Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Hubei, Chongqing, Sichuan and Tibet. It is the longest national highway in China, and is known as the People's Landscape Avenue in China.

2. Boundary line crossing

A border tour is to visit the border between the two countries. When walking along the land border, we should pay attention to observing while walking, and strive to show an intuitive geographical map and a real and vivid border landscape at home and abroad.

Frontier: the territory near the national border, that is, the political dividing line between the two countries or the area with different widths between the settled area and the uninhabited area within a country. Frontier is a geographical concept. China's border, China includes land and sea. Land boundary refers to the area with a certain width along the inner side of the national boundary, and maritime boundary refers to the sea area under the jurisdiction of the state beyond the baseline of the territorial sea, including territorial sea, contiguous zone, exclusive economic zone, continental shelf and sea areas and islands and reefs of other countries.

3. What is the largest area of the provincial administrative region that the border line passes through?

As we all know, the Volga River is the most famous river in Russia. It flows through the plains of the European part of Russia and is the mother river of Russia. Although the Volga River is famous, it is not too long, with a total length of 3692 kilometers. Not to mention in the world, even in Russia, it is not in the forefront. The top three rivers in Russia and the United States have several similarities: Asia (Siberia), which is located to the east of the Ural Mountains, flows from south to north and flows into the Arctic Ocean. These three rivers are ob river, Yenisei and Lena.

Although ob river is a Russian river, an important tributary of it originates from Xinjiang, China, that is, the Irtysh River, which is the only river in China that flows into the Arctic Ocean. There is a Fuyun county in Altay region in northern Xinjiang, where the Irtysh River originates. The Irtysh River has two sources, the Hildet River in the east and the Kurt River in the west. After leaving China, the Irtysh River enters Kazakhstan, the largest landlocked country in the world (with an area of about 2.72 million square kilometers), flows in the northeast of Kazakhstan, and then enters Russia. After omsk went north, the Irtysh River flowed into ob river in Hante-Mansisk. Ob river originates from the Russian side near the border of Kazakhstan, China, Russia and Mongolia, and flows from southeast to northwest in a huge arc. In fact, ob river is not very long, only about 3,650 kilometers, which is worse than the Volga River. If the length of the Irtysh River is included, the length of ob river is about 54 10 km, ranking sixth in the world.

East of ob river is Yenisei River. The Yenisei River has two sources: the Great Yenisei River and the Little Yenisei River. The Little Yenisei River originated in northern Mongolia, and after entering Russia, it flows to the north of Tangula Mountain. The Great Yenisei River originates from the Russian side of the Russian-Mongolian border, and the two rivers meet in Tuva and Zizir, the capital of China. The next section is called Yenisei River. Tuva * * * and this country have a very familiar name, and that is Donovan Liang Hai.

Yenisei River is the largest tributary of Yenisei River, which reaches bisk in the north and accepts Angara River in Lesoti. The Angara River is about 1.779 km long, which is not particularly long, but it comes from a noble family, because the source of the Angara River is Lake Baikal, the deepest lake known in the world, with a water depth of 1.637 m. People are very familiar with Lake Baikal, where Su Wu was detained by Huns in the Western Han Dynasty 19. Lake Baikal is like a bright moon, and the Angara River originates in the southwest of Lake Baikal. Not far away is Irkutsk, an important city in the Russian Far East. It's called not going to Irkutsk, which means that Russians should never come to Siberia.

After leaving Irkutsk, the Angara River continued to flow northward, making a big turn in the north of Leask in Ust and flowing westward into the Yenisei River. The Yenisei River, including the Angara River, is 5,539 kilometers long and flows northward into Yenisei Bay in the Kara Sea of the Arctic Ocean. Angara River is very important to Yenisei River with an area of more than 2 million square kilometers, with an area of 6.5438+0 million square kilometers. Yenisei River is the geographical dividing line between Siberia Plain and Central Siberia Plateau in Russia. The west is flat and marshy, and the east is relatively high. The Yenisei River has a huge flow. Although the two sides are vast and sparsely populated, it does not affect Russia. In order to benefit the people, we have built many large and medium-sized hydropower stations on both sides of this river.

East of Yenisei River is another big river-Lena River. The Angara River is a tributary of the Lena River and Yenisei River, and it is a neighbor because the source of the Lena River is close to Lake Baikal. Lake Baikal on the west bank of Lake Baikal is the starting point of the Lena River. Interestingly, the Angara River turns from south to north to west, while the Lena River turns from south to north to east, entering Sakha (Yakutia) and Russia. Saha (Yakutia) Republic is one of the highest countries in the world. It is the largest provincial administrative region in the world, with an area of 365,438+10,000 square kilometers, equivalent to 3 1 Jiangsu Province. The Lena River is about 4,400 kilometers long, with a drainage area of more than 2.4 million square kilometers. It flows northward through Yakutsk and flows into the Arctic Ocean in Oranjuk Bay.

The frontier route ushered in a new day at the earliest.

The first batch of educated youth began at 1950, and the total number of educated youth who went to the countryside in the 1950s and 1970s was estimated to be between120,000-180,000.

In China, educated youth refers to young people who voluntarily went to the countryside or corps to farm, develop and defend the frontier from 1950 to the end of the Cultural Revolution. In fact, most of these people have only received junior high school or high school education.

People's Republic of China (PRC) was founded. In order to solve the employment problem in cities, since the mid-1950s, young people from cities have been organized to move to rural areas, especially to set up farms in remote rural areas.

As early as 1953 People's Daily, he published an editorial on organizing college graduates to participate in agricultural production and labor. 1955, Mao Zedong proposed that the countryside is a vast and promising world. Later it became the slogan of educated youth going to the countryside.

From this year on, the Youth League began to organize farms to encourage and organize young people to take part in the reclamation movement. At that time, the work "Educated Youth at Work" written by artist Zhu Xuanxian in 1958 was a typical and vivid picture of educated youth in the reclamation area of Beidahuang in that particular era.

1962 proposed to organize a nationwide movement to the countryside. 1964 the central government set up a leading group for this purpose.

1966, influenced by the Cultural Revolution, the college entrance examination stopped. By 1968, many middle school graduates can neither enter universities nor be assigned jobs. In addition, the turmoil of the 1966- 1968 Cultural Revolution made the Communist Party of China (CPC)'s leading bodies realize that they need to find ways to resettle these young people to prevent the situation from getting out of control.

1968 12.22, Mao Zedong instructed the People's Daily to publish the article "We also have two hands, don't be idle in the city", which quoted Mao Zedong's instructions that it is necessary for educated youth to go to the countryside to receive re-education from poor middle peasants; From 65438 to 0969, many young people went to the countryside for this reason. The whole country has also begun to organize middle school graduates to be assigned to rural areas.

5. The provincial boundary line.

China's northern frontier provincial administrative regions are divided into five provincial administrative regions: Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Heilongjiang Province, Jilin Province and Liaoning Province. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in the northwest is adjacent to Russia, Kyrgyzstan and Afghanistan, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the north is adjacent to Mongolia and Russia, Heilongjiang Province in the northeast is adjacent to Russia, Jilin Province is adjacent to North Korea and Liaoning Province is adjacent to Russia.

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region borders Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Mongolia, India and Afghanistan.

Xizang Autonomous Region is bordered by India, Nepal, Bhutan and Myanmar.

7. Yunnan Province borders Myanmar, Vietnam and Laos;

8. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region borders Vietnam.

6. The provincial administrative region where the boundary line passes.

Recite the lyrics of When that Day Comes.

Soldiers are born for war and exist for peace. If one day, when pigeons no longer fly, when war permeates the frontier; When compatriots are killed, when enemies are raging in their hometown. I have only one request for my motherland. Please give me a gun, and I will trade my life for your safety. Don't laugh when you are drunk on the battlefield. Why were they still wearing boots when they died? If that day comes, my dear, I will become a bullet and shoot through the enemy, telling them how powerful the people of China are! Please listen to Weibao Wang sing "When that Day Comes".

7. In the provincial administrative regions where the border line passes, what is the earliest to usher in a new day?

Looking carefully on the topographic map, the three colors are the clearest, and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is dark blue, which is a first-class terrain.

The roof of the world is world-famous, with an average elevation of 4 kilometers. Crossing Hengduan and Kunqi, the altitude drops to over 1000 meters, with a large area of khaki and two steps in the plateau basin. Dongtai terraced fields in Wu Xuefeng changed from yellow to light yellow, with an altitude of less than 500 meters, and the highest level by the sea was Grade III. The trend is high in the west and low in the east, and rivers flow east. It is very convenient to develop hydropower supply and shipping irrigation.

Mountain range distribution:

Three mountains in the east and west: Yinshan Mountain in Tianshan Mountain is in the north, Kunlun Qinling Mountain is in the middle, and Nanling Mountain is in the south. Sanlie Mountain in the southwest of China: Wutai Cave in the west, Changbai Wuyishan Mountain in the middle and Taiwan Province Mountain in the southeast. The arc-shaped Himalayas meander from east to west in southern Tibet, with Mount Everest as the highest peak, standing between China and Nepal. From the north-south direction of Hengduan Mountains, from the northwest to Aqilian in the southeast. The mountains are interlaced and the terrain skeleton has been presented.

Daxing is high, with plains on both sides, Taihang is connected with east and west, Wushan is a western basin, and the eastern plain intersects Yunnan, Guizhou and Qinghai-Tibet.

Two basins in Tazhong are sandwiched between Tianshan Mountains, and the northern basin of Kunlun is located in the southern plateau.

Four plateaus;

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau borders Inner Mongolia in the southwest, Daxing in the east, Qilian in the west, the Great Wall of the Loess Plateau in the south, Taihang in the east and Qilian in the west. Guizhou in Yundong is a plateau with high limestone in the west and low limestone in the east.

Three plains:

From Daxing to Changbai Mountain, in Xiaoxing 'anling Bohai Sea and Sanjiang Songliao, the largest plain is plain, fertile black soil is widely distributed, and thousands of miles of fertile fields are granaries. Taihang East to the seaside, Huaihe River North to Yanshan Mountains, Huanghuai Haihe River sediment alluvial into a large plain, flat terrain, endless yellow land. The plain east of Wushan is unusual in size, width and width. Jianghan Lake Delta intermittently extends to the seaside, with flat terrain, dense river network and between lakes and stars.

Earthquake:

China has suffered from frequent earthquakes since ancient times, and its monitoring record ranks first in the world. Fujian and Taiwan province in the southeast, Beijing-Tianjin Taihang line in North China,

8. The frontier route cannot reach most of the four ends of the territory.

The large-scale series special program "Walking by the Sea" of "Home Far away" will start from Dandong, Liaoning Province and travel clockwise along the Chinese coastline to Fangchenggang, Guangxi, completing the whole journey. Follow the organizational mode of side tour and shoot at the same time.

Because the route is long, spanning 10 provinces and more than 10 cities and counties, the location hosts are constantly changing, including the following six: Wu Dan (Wu Dan Jr.), Jing Wong, Wang Yaojie, Tan Wenying (Tan Tan), Peng Zu and Li Qiyue.

9. Coastal border road map

The characteristics of ethnic distribution in China are:

Large-scale mixed living, small-scale living and staggered living. There are ethnic minorities living in Han areas, and there are also Han people living in ethnic minority areas. This distribution pattern is formed by the interaction and flow between ethnic groups in the long-term historical development process. Although the population of ethnic minorities in China is small, they are widely distributed. All provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government are inhabited by ethnic minorities.

China has 56 ethnic groups and is a unified multi-ethnic socialist country. Among them, Han nationality has the largest population, accounting for 92%. The other 55 ethnic groups are called ethnic minorities, among which Zhuang has the largest population, with more than150,000 people. More than 4 million ethnic minorities are Manchu, Hui, Miao, Uygur, Tibetan, Yi, Tujia and Mongolian.

Regional distribution of ethnic minorities:

Han nationality is distributed all over the country, mainly in the east and middle; Ethnic minorities are mostly distributed in the southwest, northwest and northeast border areas. Yunnan Province has the largest number of ethnic minorities in China.