What are the exotic customs in Europe?

Communicative habits

Pay attention to the gorgeous clothes and the update of styles. Women regard makeup and beauty as necessities of life. Strong sense of time, strong work planning, and the principle of "ladies first". It is customary to shake hands, and people with certain social status kiss hands. Girls often curtsy. Between men and women, between women and between men, there is also the habit of kissing on the cheek. I don't want others to ask about private affairs in social life. I hate giving perfume to women, and I hate giving gifts the first time we meet.

Belief taboo

Most people believe in Catholicism. Avoid "13" and "Friday". Avoid yellow and dark green. Avoid peacocks and cranes. Regard chrysanthemums, azaleas and walnuts as ominous things. Love art and entertainment.

Dietary characteristics

The French can eat and pay attention to eating. French food is very popular all over the world. French people like to eat snails and frog legs, and the most expensive dish is foie gras. Like to drink. French cuisine is characterized by freshness and tenderness. The French also like Chinese food very much.

Dress

French fashion enjoys a high reputation in the world, rich and excellent materials, bold design and exquisite production technology make French fashion always lead the world fashion trend. There are 2000 fashion shops in Paris, and their boss's slogan is: "Fashion doesn't sell the second one". In the street, it is almost impossible to see two women wearing the same clothes. At present, the most famous haute couture are Gillette, Balenciaga, Givensie, Chanel, Dior, Cardin and Saint Laurent. In recent years, it is particularly striking that there are many styles of skirts for Paris girls. This new style is hard to see in other countries. French people spend the smallest proportion of their income on clothes in Europe. Generally speaking, the French attach great importance to their own taste in clothes, and they also accept cheaper and less refined imitations.

beastie

Nowadays, French families are more kind to small animals and spend huge sums of money to buy and feed them. More than half of the families keep all kinds of small animals, totaling more than 30 million. 1/3 The family keeps dogs, and the number of dogs reaches nearly 40,000. Various dog hospitals and dog clothing stores are also common. Animals not only bring fun to the French, but also cause certain disasters. There are more than 500,000 dog injuries in France every year.

well-behaved

France is a civilized and polite country. Being polite to women is a tradition that the French are proud of. The most common greeting in France is to shake hands. But when shaking hands, first, don't hold hands for too long, and second, there is no need to shake others' hands hard. Generally speaking, women reach out to men first, and old people reach out to young people first. The superior reaches out to the subordinate first.

kiss

France was the first country to recognize kissing as an expression of love. French kissing has strict boundaries: when meeting relatives, friends and colleagues who meet after a long separation, they stick their faces or cheeks, and the elders kiss their foreheads to the younger generation. Only lovers kiss or kiss each other.

marriage customs

Getting engaged before marriage is a simple ceremony. Usually, the woman's parents invite the man's parents, brothers and sisters, or invite other relatives or even one or two friends to attend. The wedding has been gradually simplified, but it is still the most solemn family festival, with solemn and sacred colors. The wedding was presided over by the mayor or one of his deputies. Traditionally, weddings are held on Tuesdays, Thursdays, Fridays and Saturdays from 9 am to 5 pm. Guests after the wedding banquet. In some parts of rural France, property engagement contracts should be signed and notarized before marriage. The engagement shall specify all the property of the unmarried couple, the dowry of the fiancee and the inheritance of the fiance. Wedding anniversary has become a holiday custom. Women can remarry after being widowed for 300 days or separated from their husbands for 300 days, while men have no time limit.

Pentecost (the seventh Sunday after Easter)

Every year 1 65438+1October1Holy Spirit Day is equivalent to Tomb-Sweeping Day in China. The French are used to paying homage to the cemetery on this day and remembering the martyrs who died for their country. Saint Catherine's Day is a festival for "old women" in Paris. Every year, on165438+1October 25th, unmarried girls over the age of 25 present a bunch of flowers in front of the statue of Katrina, then go to a big fashion shop to dance and revel, and finally choose the most beautiful girl as the queen of the festival.

eating habits

The French regard cooking as an art, and French cuisine is really popular all over the world. In France, three meals a day are usually arranged like this. Breakfast: bread, coffee, hot chocolate; Lunch: In France, lunch is the most important meal, usually around one o'clock in the afternoon, followed by dinner after nine o'clock. Social dinners in France usually last more than two hours, starting with appetizers, followed by fish or spaghetti, and then the main course. The main course is also served with a lot of lettuce, salad, cheese, fruit and sometimes dessert, and coffee is also essential after dinner.

Spanish customs

Basic situation of Spain

Spain is a country that combines romance and passion. Its history, art and temperament constantly attract curious people. Bullfighting, dancing, guitar.

(1) Geographical environment:

Spain is located in the throat of the Iberian Peninsula Atlantic (Mar Cantabrico) and Mediterranean (Mar Mediterraneo) in southwest Europe, with many mountains (Cantab, Linus, Goredo and guadarrama), many rivers (Ebro R.Ebro, Douro R.Duero, Tahoe R.Taje, Guadal Keevil R.Gualguivir) and high altitude. The high source area of Mezeta Tower in central China accounts for about 60% of the national area, which belongs to continental climate. The northern and northwestern coastal areas have a maritime temperate climate. The south and southeast have a Mediterranean subtropical climate. The precipitation in most areas is between 500 ~ 1500mm. There is almost no frost in the south all year round. Spain has a total area of more than 500,000 square kilometers. The population is more than 387 10000. Most of them are Castilians from Castilla and Catalans from Catalan minority? 0? 9a。 Basque Valencia and Galicia. The official language is Spanish. 94% of the residents believe in Catholicism.

② Political and economic environment:

Spain has a parliamentary monarchy, and the throne is inherited by Juan Carlos and his direct descendants. The king is the head of state and the supreme commander of the armed forces. The government is a one-party government of the workers' socialist party, and the parliament supervises the work of the government. Madrid is the capital of Spain. Spain is a relatively developed capitalist industrial country. Due to the lack of electricity and industrial raw materials, the economy is highly dependent on foreign countries.

The required oil, iron ore and coking coal are all imported. Exports include automobiles, steel, cement, ships, textiles, mercury, fertilizers, alcohol, olive oil and so on. Europe and the United States are Spain's main trading partners.

Spanish cities and places of interest

1 Madrid

Madrid, the capital of Spain, is a famous ancient city in Europe. Madrid is located in the center of Iberian Peninsula, and Guadala Mountain stands in its north. It is located at the height of 670 meters above sea level, which is the highest capital in Europe. The Mansa Nalis River surrounds the city. The transportation is developed, there are many lakes in the suburbs, the trees are shaded and the climate is pleasant. The center of Madrid is a triangle composed of "Sun Gate Square, Central Square and Spain Square". "Sun Gate Square"-the central square of Madrid, from which avenues radiate in all directions, forming a dense urban structure like a spider web. In the flower bed in the center of the square, stands a stout and powerful brown bear sculpture, clutching a raspberry tree, which is the city of Madrid. This stout brown bear shows the indomitable and indomitable character of the people of Madrid. Many ancient and medieval palaces, churches and sculptures can be seen on the streets leading from the Sun Gate to all directions. These architectural and artistic works include Gothic, Arabic and many other forms. In particular, murals inlaid with various stones and glass are bright and beautiful.

"Columbus Square"-the statue of the navigator Columbus is located in the center of the square, pointing to South America. It seems to be1the spirit when he discovered the Bahamas in June, 492. The circular fountain surrounds the statue, spraying a water column several meters high, and reflecting red, green and purple lights at night, which is particularly charming. There is a Columbus Museum underground for people to visit.

"Spain Square"-There is a statue of Cervantes, a famous Spanish writer in the17th century, and a bronze statue of Don Quixote, a Raman knight, and his loyal servant.

"Central Square"-The downtown square is a Renaissance building in 16 and 17 centuries, which was completed in 16 19. The Christian church near meras Square is also a Renaissance building (built at 1535). The present municipal museum, library, Ministry of Foreign Affairs building near Provincia Square and segovia Bridge across Manzaneros River are all baroque buildings in the late17th century. The general post office building, built in 1907~ 19 17, is the first luxurious building since the 20th century.

"Prado Museum"-There are more than 30 museums in Madrid, among which the world-famous painting exhibition hall-Prado Museum has the reputation of "the treasure house of European classical art". There are 30 exhibition halls in the museum, and more than 3,000 works of Spanish art and famous Italian painters from15th century to19th century are collected. In addition, there are many prehistoric materials and remains of Romans, Moors and the Middle Ages.

Oriental Palace is an ancient Spanish palace, located on a hill on the left bank of Manzaneros River in the west of Madrid. It is one of the most complete and exquisite palaces in the world. Its grandeur is above Buckingham Palace, the capital of England, and comparable to Versailles Palace in France. It was built according to the most popular architectural style in18th century. Its appearance has a typical French style, magnificent; The interior decoration is an authentic Italian sentiment, which is absolutely luxurious. It is a pearl of Spanish tourism, and the spacious and gorgeous hall in the palace is beautifully furnished, which makes tourists marvel. The tapestry exhibition hall collects the rarest and most valuable large tapestries in the world. In addition, the Oriental Palace also has a collection of 45 clocks and watches from various countries, which are still very accurate.

② Barcelona

Barcelona, located on the Mediterranean coast in the northeast of Spain, is the second largest city in Spain and is known as the "Pearl of Bright Roses in Iberian Peninsula". The capital of Catalonia, the richest region in Spain before 1833. The beach is flat and wide, and the climate is suitable for people. In the old district, there are relics of Roman walls and palaces in the 6th century. Gothic Catholic Church stands in the center of the old city, and there is a catacombs guarding the sacred Eulalia of Barcelona, which contains white marble sarcophagus. There are also Wang Jia Square (14 ~16th century) and Heping Square (near the harbor). There is a replica of the sailing boat when Columbus discovered the New World in the harbor, and the Columbus Monument in the square overlooks the harbor.

The "Flower Market Street" connected by Peace Square and Ramblas Street in Catalonia Square in the city center has become the largest flower market. Catalonia Square has the Statue of Liberty and fountains. In the west of the city, the "bright spring" in Spain Square and the waterfall in Montesquieu Park are reflected at night. /kloc-Spain's largest "Holy Family Church" left over from the 4th century, with folk dance performances every Sunday at noon.

Barcelona is the cultural center of Spain. There are more than 20 universities in Barcelona (founded in 1430), Liseo Grand Theatre and various museums (picasso museum, Catalan Art Museum, Modern Art Museum, Wine Museum and Spanish Village). The four exhibitions, Rose, Bullfighting and the biggest international trade exhibition every year, are very attractive.

The Brava coast in the suburbs is a famous holiday resort along the Mediterranean coast.

③ Seville;

Located in the southwest of Spain, it is a famous cultural city with a history of more than 2,000 years. Beautiful gypsy music, flamenco dance and bullfighting are famous all over Europe. The Golden Pagoda (12, with a 30-meter-high curved roof) is located on the Rio Grande. The Rio Grande is the only inland river that can cross Spain, from which Columbus sailed into the sea. The Gothic Seville Cathedral (built in15th century) is the most beautiful church in Spain, and it is said to be the third Christian church in the world (slender minarets, five naves, ten side churches and ancient city walls) after St. Peter in Rome and St. Paul's Cathedral in London.

④ Balearic Islands (la. Balearic);

Lamb is cooked in the geothermal water of sallot Island (the northernmost part of LA). Baleares), it takes 50 minutes to fly from Las.parmas port to Lan Sarot Island. There is little rain on the whole island, but there are banana green areas everywhere, teaching and traveling, and offshore fishing fleets.

Spanish customs

① Spanish folk festivals

On "New Year's Eve", the whole family get together to treat 12, and eat 12 grapes when the church bell rings, which symbolizes that everything goes well every month in the new year.

"Merida" in Spain, early June of 5438+10, is Gypsy Women's Day (intermarriage, free search, but parents promise that the wedding will be presided over by the patriarch, and the bride and groom's back will be cut off).

Faye Festival is one of the biggest festivals in Spain. Every year from March 12 to March 19, a vivid paper sculpture (called Faye by local people) will be held in Valencia, an ancient city near the Mediterranean in eastern Spain, to expose social evils. During this period, there were many tourists from all over Spain and all over the world, and the activity reached its climax on 19. From morning till night, the streets are full of people, singing and dancing. In the afternoon, an award ceremony was held in the city square, and people danced and reveled. 12 midnight, the city's paper patterns began to burn, and the huge paper patterns gradually turned to ashes under the raging fire.

Spain is called "the Kingdom of Olives". Olive groves are everywhere and continuous. Olive fruit and olive oil are the most in the world. In addition to eating, ancient health care and beauty techniques applied to the whole body have been used to this day (also used by bodybuilders).

"Spanish bullfighting" originated from the religious activities in ancient Spain (killing cattle as a sacrifice to the gods). /kloc-In the 3rd century, King Alfonso X of Spain began this ritual activity, and it evolved into a bullfighting performance (the real bullfighting performance was in the middle of18th century). At present, there are more than 300 bullrings in Spain (the largest is Ventas bullring in Madrid, which can accommodate 25,000 people). Every year from March to 165438+ 10 is the Spanish Bull Running Festival, and usually Sunday and Thursday are the bullfighting days (using African purebred bulls weighing 4000 kilograms).

"Spanish cockfighting" is even stranger. In a round cage of 3 square meters, there are two cocks fighting with each other. The rooster weight shall not differ by 1, and each battle lasts for 30 minutes. Outside the cage, more than 200 gamblers each bet on a chicken to train a chicken. It takes a year, and you can play eight games a year. The price of trained cockfighting can reach 500 dollars, and it is also exported in large quantities.

(2) Spanish life and etiquette

Spain is an ancient civilization, civilized and polite. A warm, hospitable and kind nation.

Life, housing (farmhouse, swimming pool), matriarchal society (women keep the house, have more children, pay attention to hygiene, girls become housewives-the wallet that men stick to, the story of going home at 10 in the evening), birthday, adult's day invitation story, earning one yuan costs two yuan, and there is no pink eye. The smell of olive oil in bars, body odor, and food. Poor concept of time (Ashtama? 0? 9an

Interviewee: yl66 1 166 | Level II | 2011-6-71:20.

history

Africa is a continent in the history of human evolution, from ancient apes to forest apes and lamas, "fully formed people"-homo habilis, homo erectus, homo sapiens and even modern people. Anthropologists found the earliest "fully formed human" fossils in Africa. These findings led anthropologists, including Darwin, the founder of evolution theory, to conclude that Africa is the birthplace of mankind.

Archaeological data prove that people of all ethnic groups in Africa created and developed splendid ancient civilizations very early. In ancient times, when the hometown of western colonists was still in the stage of glacier freezing, there was already boiling life on the African continent. At that time, the Nile valley was still an uninhabitable swamp. Now the Sahara desert is deserted, but it is a forest and grassland with rivers. About 1 10,000 years ago, the climate in North Africa changed dramatically, and the prairie gradually dried up and became a desert.

The Nile valley is one of the cradles of ancient civilizations in the world. Egypt in the lower Nile is one of the four ancient civilizations in the world. As early as 5000 BC, agriculture appeared in Egypt, knowing how to grow grain and build water conservancy projects. The Egyptians developed astronomy very early. As early as 42,465,438+0 BC, the Egyptians formulated a fairly accurate solar calendar. The Gregorian calendar has 365 days in a year, which is divided into three seasons, one for four months, 30 days per month, and the last month plus five days is a religious festival. The annual error between it and the tropic year is only about a quarter of a day. Ancient Egypt created hieroglyphics in the 35th century BC, and in the 9th century BC/kloc-0, it was known how to calculate the side length of a square and the volume of a truncated pyramid. About 2 1 century BC, the Egyptians were able to almost accurately determine the pi as 3. 16.

Ancient Egypt also made great achievements in architecture, sculpture and painting. So far, the magnificent pyramids and the Sphinx standing near Cairo on the Nile are masterpieces of ancient Egypt around the 27th century BC. They are a miracle in the history of human architecture and an immortal monument to the outstanding wisdom and hard work of the working people in ancient Egypt.

In the middle reaches of the Nile, today's Sudan, a Kush empire rose in the 6th century BC/KLOC-0. It developed agriculture, ironmaking and textile industry, and was one of the richest and prosperous countries in the world in ancient times. Its capital, Meroi, is the largest ironmaking center south of the Mediterranean, and is called "Birmingham in ancient Africa" by western archaeologists.

Now northern Ethiopia is an important center of ancient African civilization. The kingdom of aksum, which rose there around the first century A.D., reached a high level of prosperity in the fourth century, and the domestic commodity exchange has developed to the extent of using gold, silver and copper coins. At that time, the characters created at that time were basically still in use. The 60-foot-high aksum Stone Monument and Freedom Rock Church are one of the world-famous historical wonders in Africa.

Berbers who have lived in the Maghreb since ancient times have been engaged in farming and building primitive water conservancy facilities since the end of the Neolithic Age, and bronze wares have been available around 500 BC. The Berbers established two kingdoms, Mauritania and Numidia, in BC, leaving behind a large number of rock paintings and artworks.

Around 2000 BC, sub-Saharan African residents began to develop from hunting and collecting wild plants to domesticating animals and planting crops. More than 250 crops in the world originated in sub-Saharan Africa.

West Africa is the birthplace of most African agriculture. Sorghum, oil palm etc. Are inherent products of West Africa. Some statues and cave murals left by history in the Sahara desert are a portrayal of the pastoral life of West Africans after grazing. Thousands of years before BC, exquisite songkhla sculptures appeared in West Africa. After entering the Iron Age around the 3rd century BC, powerful ancient empires such as Ghana, Mali and Sang Hai appeared successively.

In central and southern Africa, the remains of the Iron Age can be seen everywhere, as well as the remains of ancient terraces and artificial irrigation projects. The ruins of the ancient city of Ngaruka, which has thousands of houses, and the ruins of stone buildings in Greater Zimbabwe, which were built around 500 AD, are symbols of ancient civilizations in Central and South Africa. There have been some famous countries in south-central Africa, such as Monomotapa Kingdom with developed agriculture, mining and foreign trade, Congo Kingdom with high centralization, Kuba Kingdom with high carving level, Buganda Kingdom with developed social division of labor, etc.

The east coast of Africa near the Indian Ocean has been engaged in prosperous trade since ancient times, and iron and salt were traded as early as the era. /kloc-In the first half of the 5th century, the east coast of Africa has developed to the point where envoys can visit China across the ocean.

Africa is not just a place where lions haunt as described by some western scholars, but a continent with a highly developed ancient civilization. Africa has made great contributions to the development of world civilization.

Africa is a rich continent with a long history. However, since the western colonialists invaded Africa in the15th century, more than 400 years of colonial rule have brought profound disasters to the African people. From16th century to19th century, western colonists sold more than 20 million African blacks to the United States as slaves. Most of these slaves died before they lived 15 years. Western powers also seized Africa's land and resources by force, and then carved up Africa completely and established brutal colonial rule. Before the First World War, all countries except Ethiopia and Liberia were colonized by the West on more than 30 million square kilometers of African land. Colonists and imperialists have killed African people and plundered African wealth countless times.

The African people waged a long and arduous armed struggle against the invaders and created countless heroic achievements. Before the First World War, many countries in South Africa and East Africa, such as Ethiopia, Madagascar, Ghana, Algeria, Guinea, Mali, Sudan, Kenya and Somalia, had large-scale armed struggles and armed uprisings against the aggressors. After the First World War, the African people rekindled the flame of struggle against imperialism and for independence. The anti-fascist struggle of Abyssinia people in East Africa once shocked the whole world, and Egypt in North Africa also won its independence. Before World War II, there were only three independent countries: Egypt, Ethiopia and Liberia.

After the end of World War II, the African people's struggle against colonial rule and for national independence flourished and won great victories. At the end of 1950s, the number of independent countries in Africa increased from three before World War II to nine. In the 1960s and 1970s, the African independence movement was in full swing, and the national liberation movements of various countries United, cooperated and supported each other, which enabled the vast majority of African colonies to gain independence one after another. 1990 Namibia's independence and 1994 South Africa's white racist rule collapsed, which marked that all African countries got rid of the shackles of colonialism and racism except a few small islands in the ocean.

The independence of African countries has created conditions for the development and revitalization of the African region. At the same time, it has also strengthened the strength of developing countries and dealt a heavy blow to colonialism, imperialism and hegemonism. At present, African countries are playing an increasingly important role in the world political arena and have become a force that cannot be ignored in promoting world peace and development.

Interviewee: Angel with Broken Wings | Level 1 | 201-6-717: 28

(1) Social Etiquette

In interpersonal communication, Poles are famous for their elegant manners, civilized language and politeness.

Poles attach great importance to addressing when dealing with outsiders. Their habit is to use as formal a title as possible. For men, the pole must be called "Pan". For women, they must be called "Pana" or "Pani".

When greeting others in social situations, Poles will definitely treat you as "you". If it is commensurate with "you", it probably means that the relationship between the two sides is very close and they have known each other for not a day.

According to Polish custom, after being introduced to others in communication, you must take the initiative to shake hands with each other as a gift and give your name at the same time, otherwise it is impolite.

In Poland, the most common meeting etiquette is shaking hands and hugging. Kissers are very popular among Poles.

Generally speaking, the object of hand kissing ceremony should be married women, and the best place to salute should be indoors. When saluting, a man should hold a lady's hand with both hands and give a symbolic kiss on the fingertip or the back of the hand. If kissing makes a sound or touches the wrist, it is not standard.

(2) dress etiquette

Polish clothing has its own characteristics. In addition to wearing suits and skirts on formal occasions, the biggest feature of everyday dress in Poland is to advocate individuality and pay attention to being different.

(3) Catering Etiquette The eating habits of Poles are similar to those of other eastern European countries.

Specifically, Poles usually eat spaghetti. They like to eat roasted, boiled and stewed dishes, which are mild in taste.

In terms of drinks, they also like to drink coffee and black tea. When drinking black tea, most Poles prefer a slice of lemon to Chata strong.

In terms of dietary taboos, Poles mainly don't eat pickled cucumbers and steamed vegetables.

Poles like to invite people to dinner very much in interpersonal communication. Poles are very particular when entertaining guests. First, taboo diners are single. They think this is a bad omen.

Second, when Poles eat whole chickens, ducks and geese, they usually pay attention to dividing them up by the youngest hostess present, and then distributing them to each guest's plate one by one.

Third, no matter whether the food is to one's own taste, the guests should try to eat more and thank the host for his hospitality.

Fourth, it is impolite for Poles to talk with food in their mouths.

(4) Custom taboos

Poles generally love flowers. Among all the flowers, they like pansy best and regard it as the national flower. When sending flowers to a telephone pole, it is advisable to send a single bunch of flowers instead of a double bunch.

Poland's favorite animal is the white eagle designated as the national bird.

Public facilities in Poland are also marked with obvious signs. For example, the sign of the men's bathroom is an inverted triangle, and the sign of the women's bathroom is a circle.

When socializing with Poles, we should pay special attention to three issues.

First, the influence of Catholicism in Poland is everywhere.

Second, Poles have strong national self-esteem. When talking with them, it makes Poles laugh most when they mention the great men of Poland and their contribution to world civilization.

Third, Poles pay great attention to etiquette.

European countries-Poland

Respondents: Enthusiastic users | 2011-6-717: 55

Australians have both hearty westerners and reserved orientals. They have a wide range of interests and like sports, such as surfing, windsurfing, horse racing, fishing, horse betting, bocce, Australian rugby and swimming. In Sydney, if you can't swim, you will be laughed at. In Darwin, a commercial port, swimming usually takes place at night because of the high temperature during the day. The citizens of this city especially like to drink beer. It is said that the sales volume of beer is second only to Munich, the Federal Republic of Germany.

Indigenous people living in some tribal areas in Australia still protect their customs. They hunt for a living, and boomerang is their unique hunting weapon. Most of them still live in shacks made of branches and mud, surrounded by a piece of cloth or kangaroo skin, and they like tattoos or painting various colors.

Usually, only the cheeks, shoulders and chest are painted with yellow and white, red in the war, white after death, and painted all over the body during festivals or festivals. Tattoos are mostly thick lines, some like raindrops and some like ripples. For the indigenous people who have passed the rite of passage, tattoos are not only for decoration, but also for attracting the love of the opposite sex. At the carnival dance, people wore colorful decorations and painted colorful patterns, and danced in groups around the bonfire. Dance is simple, reflecting hunting life, etc.

Indigenous tribes practice primitive distribution system, and totem worship prevails. Indigenous men must go through a series of rigorous exercises and tests after entering adulthood, and receive education in tribal traditions and ethics. Australia has a special kind of funeral. Once someone dies, family members will get together, and special people in the family will cut down some wooden stakes, color them and put them around the grave. Each pillar symbolizes the dead or alive in the family. The corpse hangs high, even if it has begun to rot, it will not be taken down for burial until the next full moon.

Finally, the family members of the deceased will hold a purification ceremony, that is, after the funeral, the family members will not go home until it rains. For this reason, family members sometimes have to sleep out for days or even weeks, because according to local customs, only rain can play the necessary purification role.