I have an American student visa of F 1, and now I am studying in the United States. What procedures do you need to travel to Portugal? Can I buy a plane ticket directly?

You are not an American citizen, so you have no visa-free entry. In two cases: 1) you need to apply for a visa at the Portuguese consulate in the United States. 2) If you need to go back to China, apply at the Portuguese Consulate in China (you are F 1, which is more likely, sorry).

These are websites related to visiting Portugal.

This is the official website of government agencies.

/Portugal/Embassy

Requirements (2 About visas (2)

1)/ Travel/Portugal _visa.htm

2)http://www.un.int/portugal/visainfo.htm