Introduction to the Miao people in detail, including characteristic architecture, clothing, accessories and beliefs, etc. It is better to attach pictures, which should best reflect the connotation of

Introduction to the Miao people in detail, including characteristic architecture, clothing, accessories and beliefs, etc. It is better to attach pictures, which should best reflect the connotation of national culture.

Taijiang Miao Sisters Festival

There are no less than 200 kinds of Miao costumes in southeastern Guizhou. It is the area with the most types and best preservation of Miao costumes in my country and the world. It is called the "Miao Costume Museum" ". Generally speaking, Miao costumes maintain the traditional Chinese folk craft techniques of weaving, embroidery, picking, and dyeing. They often use one main craft technique while interspersing other craft techniques, either with embroidery or with embroidery. Dyeing with embroidery, or combining weaving and embroidery, makes these costume patterns colorful and colorful, showing distinctive national artistic characteristics. From the content point of view, most of the clothing patterns are based on various living objects in daily life, which play an important role in expressing meaning and identifying ethnic groups, branches and languages. These image records are called "epics worn on the body" by experts and scholars. From the modeling point of view, the traditional Chinese line drawing or almost line drawing modeling technique is adopted, with a single line as the outline of the pattern. From the perspective of production techniques, the five forms in the history of clothing development, namely the braided type, the weaving type, the sewing type, the patchwork type and the tailoring type, all have examples in the Miao costumes in southeastern Guizhou. The historical hierarchical relationship is clear, and it can be called clothing production. History Exhibition Hall. From the perspective of color, they are good at choosing a variety of strong contrasting colors, striving to pursue the richness and richness of colors, generally red, black, white, yellow and blue. From the composition point of view, it does not emphasize highlighting the theme, but only focuses on adapting to the overall sense of the clothing. From a formal point of view, it is divided into dressy and casual wear. Full costumes are the costumes worn during festivals and weddings. They are complicated and gorgeous, embodying the artistic level of Miao costumes. Casual clothing is quieter and more concise than dress-up styles, uses less materials and requires less work, and is suitable for daily wear. In addition to the distinction between costumes and casual clothes, Miao costumes also vary by age and region. This is also the reason why Miao costumes are an encyclopedia of clothing worn on the body. Girls from the Miao family love to wear pleated skirts. There are more than 500 pleats on a skirt, and there are many layers, some as many as thirty or forty layers. These skirts, from weaving to bleaching, dyeing and sewing, to the final drawing and embroidery, are all done by the girls themselves. Together with the hand-embroidered flower belts and flower breast pockets, they are really colorful and beautiful. Speaking of "service", we have to think of "decoration". Headwear includes silver horns, silver fans, silver hats, silver handkerchiefs, silver headbands, silver hairpins, silver pins, silver crown flowers, silver mesh chains, silver flower combs, silver earrings, and silver children's hats. If the Miao girls in costumes gather together, it will definitely become a beautiful silver world. It is the nature of Miao girls to wear silver ornaments. They put their hair in a bun on the top of their heads and wear exquisite silver corollas about 20 centimeters high. There are 6 uneven silver wings in the front of the corolla, most of which are decorated with silver ornaments. Two dragons playing with beads, butterflies exploring flowers, red phoenix facing the sun, hundreds of birds facing the phoenix, and swimming fish playing in the water Miao silver ornaments

Patterns. In some areas, in addition to silver pieces, silver horns about 1 meter high are also inserted into the silver crowns. The tips of the horns are decorated with colorful flowers, which makes them more noble and gorgeous. On the lower edge of the silver crown, a silver flower belt hangs, and a row of small silver flower pendants hangs down. There are several layers of silver necklaces worn around the neck, mostly made of silver flowers and small silver rings. He wears a silver lock and a silver collar on his chest, a silver cloak on his chest and back, and many small silver bells hanging down. Earrings and bracelets are all made of silver. Only two sleeves show embroidery with fiery red as the main tone, but the cuffs are also inlaid with a wider circle of silver ornaments. The costumes worn by Miao girls often weigh several kilograms, some of which have been accumulated and inherited by generations. They are known as "fairies in colorful clothes and silver costumes". The craftsmanship of the Miao silver jewelry is gorgeous, sophisticated and ingenious, fully demonstrating the wisdom and talent of the Miao people. In Maliang, which is less than 10 kilometers away from Qianhu Miao Village in Xijiang, Konbai and Wugao. It is a well-known hometown of silver jewelry for the Miao people, among which linen materials are the most specialized. 85% of its workers are silversmiths. Legend has it that the Li family in its village was the royal silversmith of the "Nanshao Kingdom", a Miao country during the Tang Dynasty. After the Qi Bureau

Edit this paragraph The origin of the Miao clan name

The Miao clan name is ancient and was first seen in oracle bone inscriptions. Before the Tang and Song Dynasties, there were names such as "Sanmiao", "Nanman", "Jingman" and "Wulingman". These titles confuse Miao with other ethnic titles. After the Song Dynasty, Miao was separated from several mixed names of "man" and became a single ethnic name. The Miao people in western Hunan call themselves "Gouxiong" (fruit bear), while in other areas they call themselves "Mao", "Meng" or "Meng". "Meng" or "Meng" means "tree heart" in the Miao language of southeastern Guizhou. Legend has it that "Meibangmeiliu" (butterfly mother) was born in the heart of the maple tree, and "Meibangmeiliu" gave birth to "Jiang Yang", the distant ancestor of the Miao people. Use "Meng" or "Meng" as the clan name. Some areas are called "Ga Nao", which means Wu, and may be the remains of the ancient Wushi clan totem. Historically, different names were given in front of the word "Miao" according to their clothing, place of residence, etc. After 1949, they were collectively called the Miao ethnic group. ? Regarding the origin of the Miao people, they are related to the clans or tribes called "Southern Barbarians" in historical records that lived in the Yellow River Basin to the Yangtze River Basin and the south of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River more than 4,000 years ago. Some people believe that Chi You from the ancient historical legend era is the ancestor revered by the Miao people today and is related to the Miao people. Some people believe that the ancient Sanmiao people were related to the Miao people. Some people believe that today's "Miao" can be traced back to the ancient "髳" people. In addition, there are Huandou theory, Yelang theory, Bajun Nanjun Man theory, Panhu Man theory, Wuling Man theory, etc.

In recent years, some people have suggested that the Chiyou of the Legend Era, the Sanmiao of the Tang and Yuxia dynasties, the Kuai of the Yin and Zhou dynasties, the Jingman of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and the Qianzhong Barbarians or Wuling Barbarians of the Qin and Han dynasties all included Miao ancestors. They are different names of the Miao ancestors at different times in history. In short, according to historical records and legends, the ancestors of the Miao people were already living in the Qingjiang River Basin in Hubei and Dongting Lake in Hunan during the Yin and Zhou Dynasties. Around the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Miao ancestors were active in Bashu, Yelang and Jingzhou. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, most of the Miao ancestors settled in Wuling County, Zoke County, Yuexun County, Ba County, Nan County and other areas, and a small number continued to migrate to the Liujiang River Basin, the capital of southeastern Guizhou. Later, migration continued due to reasons such as war, famine, epidemics of disease, high fertility, and the loss of farmland.

Edit this paragraph about Miao taboos

Maternity taboos: Women giving birth should avoid outsiders entering the house. Those who accidentally enter must wash their feet and drink a bowl of cold water when going out to prevent the mother's milk from being "stepped dry". Pregnant women should avoid eating sow beef, sow pork, rooster meat, small fish, vegetables, peppers, etc. In some Miao areas, pregnant women are prohibited from meeting pregnant women or going to other mothers' homes, otherwise it will be considered to prolong the period of delivery. Farming taboos: Miao people are forbidden to see outsiders when they return from delivering manure to the fields for the first time every year. If they meet them, they are forbidden to say hello. When planting seedlings, if you see fish in the seedling field, avoid talking about fish, otherwise the fish will eat the seedling roots. In some villages, small ears of millet are left unharvested when harvesting millet. If children ask about it, avoid saying "no more" and say "they haven't grown up yet", otherwise the millet will refuse to grow anymore due to sadness in the future. It is taboo to mention rats in the fields, lest they come to destroy the crops if heard, they can only be referred to as "their father and son". Avoid Wu Day. After the beginning of spring in the first month, avoid moving earth or carrying water on Wu Day. Funeral taboos: In some Miao areas, it is forbidden for men to die during the day and women to die at night. They believe that the time is wrong and the deceased must be accompanied by a deceased person of the opposite sex. If the deceased was unwell, the bereaved family would often ask a wizard to recite the incantation "Change", and at the same time make a palm-sized wooden coffin to bury the deceased together, as a sign of companionship. It is forbidden to put iron, copper and other non-silver metals, cotton and things coated with tung oil in the coffin. It is believed that if the deceased cannot buy water on the way back to the East, the iron and copper will also torture the deceased. In some Miao areas, people can work on the day of death in the village, but they are prohibited from going to the fields. On this day, people in the same village are not allowed to carry firewood home, otherwise they will be in trouble. During the coffin period, family members are not allowed to eat vegetables. Within one month after the burial, nothing in the home may be sold or borrowed. Taboos of living customs: In some Miao areas, it is forbidden to wash the drinking steamer, rice bag, and rice bowl at any time. They can only wash them when eating new rice, as a sign of getting rid of the old rice and welcoming the new rice. Washing at any time will wash away the wealth of the family, and there will not be enough food to eat. When drinking raw water on the mountain, avoid drinking it directly. You must first put a grass mark to show that you will kill the sick and ghosts. Avoid touching other people's clothes left on the roadside to avoid spreading leprosy. It is forbidden for children to play with small bows and arrows at home, for fear of hitting their ancestors. Avoid crossing the child's head, otherwise the child will not grow taller. It is forbidden for women to sit on the same bench as their elders. The taboos of the Miao people vary according to different branches.

Edit this paragraph about the five great migrations in the history of the Miao people

According to expert research, the five great migrations in the history of the Miao people are as follows: The first great migration was carried out by the ancestors of the Miao people. From its birthplace in the upper and middle drainage areas of the Yapan River, Minjiang River, Bajiang River and Jialing River in Sichuan, the people migrated eastward along the Yangtze River to the north and south banks of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River: those on the south bank settled between Dongting and Pengli; those on the north bank Reach Jianghan Plain. I have lived here for many years. With the development of production, life has improved, the population has increased, and the level of science and technology and culture has also improved day by day. This was the first great migration of the Miao people from west to east. The reason for the great migration was that the ancient Qiang people went south, forcing the Miao ancestors to migrate eastward, about tens of thousands of years ago (the primitive society of the early people). The second great migration occurred after the Miao ancestors had lived in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River for a long time. With a large number of people, they were known as the "Jiuli". They had conflicts with the Yandi tribe in the south and defeated the Yandi tribe. Some of them chased the Yandi tribe to the north bank of the Yellow River. Many years have passed here, and the power of the Jiuli tribe has become stronger and stronger. Chi You, who was born at this time, was smart, studious, brave and good at fighting. He later became the leader of the Jiuli tribe. He manufactured a variety of weapons and had strong military power. He had armed conflicts with the Huangdi tribe who came to the upper reaches of the Yellow River. At first, the Yellow Emperor was defeated in nine out of nine battles. Later, he joined forces with the Yan Emperor clan and others to fight Chi You in the wilderness of Zhuolu. As a result, Chi You was defeated and killed, and his head was buried in a different grave. From then on, although the various tribes of the Jiuli tribe fought against the Huangdi tribe for a long time, they were defeated repeatedly because they had no leader. This migration from south to north took place about 4300-4600 years ago (from ancient times to the Yellow Emperor). In the third great migration, long after Chi You's defeat in the battle, most of the Jiuli tribe's subordinates retreated to the south after long journeys. The Sanmiao tribal alliance was established between Dongting and Pengli in the south of the Yangtze River. This was a migration from north to south, about 4200-4100 years ago (Yellow Emperor to Tang Yao). During the fourth great migration, the Miao ancestors worked hard between Dongting and Pengli and established the Sanmiao tribal alliance. After a long period of recuperation, they gradually became stronger. Tang Yao was very afraid of Sanmiao, Huanggong, Huandou (i.e. "Huandou"), etc., so when Shun came to the throne, he immediately "divided the three Miao" in the north, and sent the soldiers to Youzhou and released Huandou to Chongshan. ; Channeling Sanmiao in Sanwei; killing Gun in Yushan, the powerful Sanmiao tribal alliance has since divided and collapsed. Some people also fled to the East China Sea, and the ancestors of this Miao people also preserved an independent group. Only the group that was exiled to Sanwei continued to struggle. It was not until the period of Xia Yu that they initially surrendered and settled in the Sanwei Mountain area.

This time they migrated in separate ways, with different migration directions. For example, Sanmiao migrated from south to northwest; some of them migrated eastward; Huandou basically remained unchanged, that is, they moved from Dongting and Pengli to western Hunan today. The time was about 4100 years ago (Yu Shun-Xia Yu period). The fifth great migration, this migration is a return in separate ways. For example: The team that was driven to the three dangers (the three seedlings) was the strongest team in the past. They were repeatedly robbed by armed forces as they fled. They resisted again and again, were defeated again and again, and fled again and again. They came out of Sanwei Mountain, passed through the Snowy Mountains, crossed the Hunshui River (Yellow River), and headed in the direction of the south wind. Migrating step by step, the Miao people migrated from north to south along the Jinsha River to southern Sichuan, northeastern Yunnan and northwest Guizhou, passing through the "Tibetan-Yi Corridor" where yak and camel production occurred in Gansu and Qinghai. The group that was exiled to Chongshan (Huandou) all moved at a short distance, that is, from Chongshan to the east, they reached the area of ??Changde in present-day Hunan, and then along the water to between Dongting and Pengli. Later, the Zhou Dynasty regarded it as a hidden danger. King Xuan "ordered Uncle Fang to attack the barbarians in the south." During the Warring States Period, Wu Qi launched force to "invade the barbarians and Yue in the south" and occupied the barbarian and Yue lands such as Dongting and Cangwu. This Miao people were forced to flee into the Wuling Mountains. As soon as they became stronger, they were repeatedly suppressed by the Eastern Han Dynasty. They were forced to flee "toward the place where the sun sets", and finally reached what is now western Hunan, northeastern Guizhou, and Sichuan. Southeast and southwestern Hubei. The migration direction of this Miao people was first to the east and then to the west. The group that fled eastward (some of the three seedlings had seedlings) did not settle on the east coast for a long time. Instead, they slowly left the seaside and gradually moved back to the west. Some of them (around 4,000 years ago) may have crossed the sea to Japan. Today, in some places in Japan, there are many similar or even identical cultural phenomena to those of the Miao people in eastern Guizhou, China. It can be seen from the migration song "Traveling Mountains and Rivers" of the Miao people in eastern Guizhou that the migration of this Miao people was a peaceful transfer without fighting. From the place "right by the sea", they gradually returned to the original Sanmiao from east to west. After a period of time, in order to "find a good place", the residence of the tribal alliance moved from Dongting Lake upstream to the Wuxi area, then along the Wushui River into the Nanling Corridor, passing through the northern foot of Yuecheng Ridge to present-day Rongshui, Guangxi ( Damiao Mountain), and further north to the present-day southeastern Guizhou region. The migration direction of this Miao people is generally from east to west. The migration time of the above three Miao people was about 1200 years ago (about from the Zhou to Song Dynasty). In addition to the above major migrations, there were many smaller migrations, but before and after the Song Dynasty, most of the Miao people settled in their current living areas. However, the rulers of the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties continued to "suppress" the Miao people in Western Hunan, southeastern Guizhou and other places. They fled everywhere, but they never left the Western Hunan, southeastern Guizhou, and Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan regions. In short, the migration of the Miao people in history has experienced many places and gone through untold hardships. It was not until the 19th century (nearly a hundred years) that they settled down. Especially in recent decades, with the implementation of regional ethnic autonomy, ethnic minorities can live a life of equality and peace and contentment.

Edit this paragraph about Miao architecture

Due to their unique migration history, the Miao people have developed their own unique architectural style in the selection of building materials and construction of houses. The Miao family likes wooden buildings, which are usually built with three floors. The first floor is generally used to solve the problem of uneven slope terrain, so it is usually a half house for stacking debris or housing livestock. The second floor is the main house, and the third floor is the granary. , some people specially set up a "beauty lean-to" on the third floor for young girls to look at and show off their beauty, so as to establish a preliminary relationship with the elder brother of the Miao family. Miao houses

The entire Miao village uses wood as building materials. It is praised by modern architects as the most ecological construction method. Wooden railing-style buildings not only solve the problem of lack of flat land for mountainous buildings , and also solved the problems of farmyard debris accumulation and livestock confinement.

Edit this paragraph Miao Village

Xijiang Qianhu Miao Village

Xijiang Qianhu Miao Village is located in Lei Gong, northeast of Leishan County, Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province At the foot of the mountain, it is 36km away from the county seat, 35km away from Qianhu Miao Village in Qiandongxijiang River

Nanzhou Prefecture capital Kaili, and about 260km away from Guiyang City, the provincial capital. It is composed of more than ten natural villages built on the mountain and connected together. It is currently the largest Miao village in China and even in the world. According to statistics, during the Xianfeng period of the Qing Dynasty (1729), there were more than 600 households in the Qianhu Miao Village in Xijiang. The number of households was 1,040 in the second census in 1964, 1,227 in the fourth census in 1990, and 1,115 in 1997. According to the latest statistics in 2005, Xijiang Qianhu Miao Village currently has 1,258 households and a population of 5,326 people, of which the Miao population accounts for 99.5%. Xijiang Qianhu Miao Village is located in a typical river valley, with the crystal clear Baishui River passing through the village. The main body of the Miao Village is located on the valley slope on the northeast side of the river. For thousands of years, the industrious and brave Miao compatriots have worked here at sunrise and returned at sunset. They have opened up large areas of terraced fields in the upper reaches of the Miao village, forming a rich farming culture and beautiful pastoral scenery. Due to the limitation of cultivated land resources, the Miao residents living here took full advantage of the terrain characteristics and built unique stilted houses in the middle of the mountain. Thousands of stilted houses follow the ups and downs of the terrain, and the mountains are stacked on top of each other, making it a spectacular sight. According to their own beliefs and customs, the Miao residents here have planted patches of maple groves as protective trees on the slopes of each village, becoming one of the important local natural landscapes. The Xijiang Miao people are an important part of the Miao people in southeastern Guizhou, and the main residents are the "Xi" clan of the Miao people.

As the largest Miao village in the world, Xijiang Qianhu Miao Village has profound Miao cultural heritage. The Miao architecture, clothing, silverware, language, food, and traditional customs here are not only typical, but also well preserved. The Miao people in Xijiang used to wear long robes and turbans with black colors, so they were called "black Miao" or "long skirt Miao". The language of the Xijiang Miao people belongs to the northern sub-dialect of the central dialect of the Miao branch of the Miao-Yao group of the Sino-Tibetan language family. The characters currently used here are common Chinese characters. Although Chinese language is an essential language tool for the Xijiang Miao people to communicate with the outside world, Communication among the Miao people still uses the Miao language. Before the establishment of the "Six Halls of Xinjiang" by Yongzheng of the Qing Dynasty, Xijiang was basically in a foreign land, and local affairs were mostly managed by natural leaders. This was significantly different from Han areas, which implemented independent management of internal affairs. The natural leaders of the Xijiang Miao people mainly include "Fang Lao", "Zhai Lao", "Tribe Lao", "Li Lao", "Haotou", "Gu Zangtou", "Huo Lutou", etc. The responsibilities of natural leaders of different natures They are also different from each other. They have the nature of division of labor and cooperation to jointly safeguard the safety and interests of the Miao village. "Fang Lao" is the supreme leader of a natural place. Each natural place has jurisdiction over several villages that are closely related to each other. "Zhai Lao" is the supreme leader of each Miao village, and "Clan Lao" is the leader of a certain family. After the Qing government implemented the "return of land to locals" in Miao territory, Xijiang Miao Village accepted the jurisdiction of the central government. Natural leaders such as Fang Lao and Zhai Lao basically no longer exist, but the Guzangtou and Huolutou responsible for sacrifices and production are still there. can be retained hereditary.

Pojiao Village

Pojiao Village is located in Bago Town in the east of Duyun City, 36 kilometers away from the urban area. There are more than 1,000 people in more than 300 households in the village, all of whom are Miao. Pojiao Village is named after it is located at the foot of Pojiao Village

Pojiao Village. All residential buildings in the village adopt the "flat-rail" architecture - Diaojiaolou style. The houses are arranged from bottom to top along the hillside terrain, layer by layer. Overlapping, row upon row, well-proportioned. When entering Pojiao Village, you must first pass through a "mountain gate". After passing the mountain gate and looking into the distance, I suddenly felt that my eyes were not enough. It turned out to be the "paradise" described by the author! Surrounded by mountains and covered with thousands of trees, the mountains behind the village are green and full of vitality. The breeze blows, and the bamboo sea at the foot of the mountain dances with the wind. The Miao girls welcome the guests from afar with mellow rice wine at the foot of the slope with such a unique etiquette. Pojiao Village still retains the simple and rich Miao customs. The hospitable Miao people welcome guests with 18-gun iron cannons, toast the guests with home-brewed rice wine, and present welcome eggs and flower ribbons. Before the guests enter the village, there are three "barrel wines" to welcome the guests; after entering the village, You can enjoy folk songs and dances such as Lusheng Dance, Bronze Drum Dance, Couple's Duel Song, etc., interspersed with the interesting face-painting game. You can taste the original Miao farm food, and buy exquisitely crafted and unique Miao handicrafts such as "heart belts", suspenders, aprons, insoles, rivets, and silver jewelry. The Miao men blew tubas, horns, and horns, played cheerful reed pipes, beat impressive bronze drums, and fired a 12-gun salute at the same time to welcome guests to the village. After you sit down, the Miao family will present traditional ethnic cultural activities. There are cheerful Miao dances, Lusheng and bronze drum performances, etc.: Visitors can participate in the interesting glutinous rice cake making activity, dipping soybean noodles and tasting hot and fragrant glutinous glutinous rice cakes; during the activity, Miao young men will also perform folk stunts such as climbing up Daoshan and climbing Daoshan. There are thrilling skills such as diving into the sea of ??fire, spitting fire from the mouth, and piercing the throat with a steel needle. Afterwards, the Miao family will give each tourist an Easter egg representing happiness and beauty, and play a face-slapping game with the tourists. Outside the event venue, hard-working and intelligent Miao girls will also demonstrate Miao embroidery, spinning and weaving on site. Since Pojiao Village in Bago Town, Duyun City was designated as the Qiannan Prefecture Ethnic Tourism Village in 1995, it has received many admiring Chinese and foreign visitors and many news media such as the CCTV program groups and Hong Kong Phoenix TV. Widely disseminated at home and abroad.

Nanhua Miao Village

Nanhua Miao Village is located in Sankeshu Town, Kaili City, Guizhou, on the banks of the beautiful Bala River. The village is built against the mountain, with floors on stilts stacked one on top of another, hidden among the lush green trees. It is famous for its beautiful natural scenery and rich ethnic customs. Nanhua Miao Village

Nanhua is called NANGLHFIB in Miao language, which means below the Ouhua River. In the Miao language, Wushao River is called Ouhua. Nanhua is named Nanhua because it is located in the lower reaches of Wushao River, that is, the mountains on the right bank of the lower reaches of Ouhua River. Nanhua, a Miao village on the bank of Bala River 18 kilometers away from Kaili City, is called Ba One of the eight villages in Lahe Rural Tourism. The village is surrounded by mountains to the east, across the river from Laoyazhai to the west, 1.3 kilometers from Zhanyuan to the south, and the Bala River to the north. The village has towering ancient trees and wooden houses with tiled roofs. The settlements are divided into two points, upper and lower, in a dot-like shape. In front of the village, there is a Lu (Mountain) and Rong (River) highway passing along the right bank of the river across the river. In the past, people could enter the village by rowing across the river. In recent years, the Nanhua Bridge has been newly built across the river. It has actually become a brand-new Miao flower bridge. It crosses the river from the north to the south in front of the village and collects the "gold and silver" coming from the Bala River. The "treasures" and the "gold and silver treasures" transported along the Lurong Highway were all "loaded" into the Miao Village, reappearing the traditional folk custom of "getting richer from wealth to wealth" in the Miao Village. It adds a beautiful scenery to the scenery of the Miao village, adds a new page to the traditional culture of the Miao people, and provides convenience for tourists to visit Nanhua.

Big Dustpan Miao Village

Big Dustpan Miao Village is located in Nangao Township, Danzhai County, Guizhou Province. It is named after its shape like half a dustpan. There are ninety-two families living in the village. They have been living in this village for generations.

The spinning wheels are spinning, the years are passing, and ancient folk songs have been sung here for hundreds of years. No matter how modern civilization embellishes this ancient village, a peaceful pastoral life of men farming and women weaving is still going on here. Diaojiaolou is a masterpiece of the Miao people. In Dachui Village, a series of pole-railed stilted buildings are built against the mountains. The first floor is used to house livestock, the second floor is used for daily living, and the third floor is used to store grain. Some places are built on stone foundations made of cobblestones, and the paths paved with bluestones in the village also undulate due to the ups and downs of the mountains. Normally, the village seems very peaceful. Only during festivals or when guests arrive, the whole village will boil with the knocking of the small bench. The bench dance used to be performed when a child was born. After the baby was born, the husband's family would carry millet and wine to the son-in-law's house to dance the bench dance, usually during the full moon wine period. At this time, the husband's family goes door to door to invite people in the village to eat and drink. When they are happy with the wine, they will dance on the bench.

Geduo Miao Village

Geduo Village is built on the mountain with its back to the mountain and water on its side. There is a Qingqing River flowing through the foot of the village, and the beautiful Qingshui River is downstream. Geduo Village is divided into Dazhai and Xiaozhai. The big and small villages are now separated by just a few fields. There are more than 230 households in the village, with a total population of 1,200. Geduo Miao Village

Geduo Village has been following the ancient national tradition for hundreds of years. The villagers work at sunrise and rest at sunset. Here, there lives a hard-working nation, a nation that loves life, and a stubborn and unyielding nation. Along with the footsteps of the times, many Miao kings emerged in Geduo Miao Village in different eras, and they were quite famous in southern Guizhou. The ancestors of Geduo Village were originally from Zhujiaxiang, Jiangxi Province. They later migrated to Guizhou and first lived along the Qingshui River and Dujiang River. After that, some Miao people came up the river and settled in Wangsigeduo Village. In the early Hongwu years of the Ming Dynasty, Miao villages began to be established. Although they have gone through vicissitudes since then, the villagers' houses are still unique wooden structures on stilts. Today, the daily communication language in the village is still Miao. The village has a single surname - Lu, which is very unique compared to other Miao villages. Most of the residential buildings are stilted buildings, which are built from the foot of the mountain to the mountainside, row upon row, with typical Miao village style. There are two "protection trees" on the top of the village that can only be hugged by six adults. They are lush and extraordinary. When you come to Geduo Miao Village, the indispensable thing is "wine". Being drunk in the Miao family is a sign of sincerity. The master will also be envied by the people in the village because of your drunkenness. If they welcome distinguished guests from afar, the Miao compatriots in Geduo Village will often put up a barrage of wine in front of the village gate and let the Miao girls in costumes toast the guests. It is true that everyone will get drunk if they are not drunk. This is The most solemn etiquette is also the highest standard of reception in the Miao family. Where there is wine, there must be singing, and where there is singing, there must be festival. There are many festivals for the Miao people in Geduozhai, the most famous of which is "June 6th", as well as the New Eating Festival and "July 15th". June 6th is the most solemn festival of the year in Geduo Village. Geduo Village also has one of the most unique Miao activities: "Sacrifice to the God of Heaven". Geduo Village's "sacrifice to the gods" has three characteristics: First, the procedural characteristics: invite a priest one month in advance, Guandian fish, roast wine and seal the altar; prepare various sacrifices, food and longevity bamboo in advance; the sacrificial vessels are indoors and outdoors Place; the sacrifice begins, and the sacrifice is carried out according to the procedures. After the ceremony is over, the host is prohibited from borrowing money, rice, or objects for three days. The borrowed utensils will be returned after three days. The second is the characteristic of inheritance: priests are passed down from generation to generation. The program has been passed down from generation to generation; all the incantations (sacrificial words) were written by the ancestors and are still in use today. The third is the unique characteristic: there are no activities to worship gods in other places where the Miao people live together in Guizhou, but only among the Miao people in Wangsigeduo Miao Village in Duyun. The Gedo Miao "sacrifice to gods" has strict procedures, complete processes, standardized behaviors, solemn atmosphere, mysterious colors, and rich content. It has important research and appreciation values ??in ethnology, folklore, primitive religion, etc. The songs and dances of the Gedo Miao people are the record and reproduction of the history of the Miao people. Geduo Village in Qiannan has been known as the "hometown of singing and dancing" since ancient times. Every time a large-scale event is held in Duyun City, the state capital, there are songs and dances from the Geduo Miao Village to add to the fun.

Edit this section of Miao music

Miao music has a simple style and rich content. There are mainly songs such as Fei Ge, Jiu Ge, You Fang Ge (also called Malang Ge), Lisu Songs, Sacrifice Songs, Children's Songs, Miao Instrument - Lusheng

. The singing is high-pitched, loud and passionate. Its music can be either resolute, straightforward, rough and bold (represented by Fei Ge), or tender, euphemistic, delicate and deep (represented by You Fang Ge). Vocal music includes drinking songs, love songs, Gabaifu songs, etc. Musical instruments include wooden drums, bronze drums, reeds, etc. Drinking songs in Miao language HXat Jiud, including big songs, opening songs, ancestor worship songs, etc. Drinking songs in the Bara River Basin are often recited in a recitation style, usually with the repetition of one phrase. For example, |1·1|5·6|3 1 1-|3 6 5 3|1 6 5|5 -|In order to express feelings, sometimes there are two or more musical phrases. The drinking songs in Kaitang, Diwu and Wengxiang are solemn, deep and solemn. Such as |2 6 6-|2 - -|2 2 6 3|3 6 6 3|3 2 2 -|3 6 0 0| (open the song). The Wanshui, Wanchao and Lushan areas to the north of the Qingshui River are mostly recitation styles, and their big songs are rich, rough and unrestrained. Love Song HXak Yex Fangb (You Fang Song) in Miao language, there are four kinds of tunes in four areas: Guading, Kaitang, Wanshui and Zhouxi. The love song of Gua Ding belongs to the four-note low-pitched form, with a drawl at the end, strong and weak fluctuations, a gentle low return, and a blend of lyricism.

The love songs in Kaitang, Wanshui and Zhouxi areas are generally in the fine-tuned style. Most of them are solos and duets, and a few are duets. Fei Ge, Miao language HXak Yangl, is a kind of love song that young men and women sing to express their sincerity to each other and invite tourists when they are separated by mountains and rivers. Fei Ge is sometimes used when greeting and seeing off guests and during banquets. There are three types of flying songs: Guaiding, Kaitang and Wanshui. Guading Feige is popular in the Bala River Basin area. It is a four-tone fine-tuned folk song with a strong, hearty, enthusiastic and unrestrained character. Wanshui Feige is popular in the Wanshui, Wanchao and Lushan areas north of the Qingshui River. It belongs to the Miao musical instrument-Mangtong

1256 four-note palace-mode folk song. The melody jumps continuously in fourths and fifths, and the 2652 5 2 tone pattern runs through the whole song. The ending tone of the music is 1, which affirms the bright character of its palace mode. The melody of Ga Baifu Song has small ups and downs, with a recital style. One phrase is repeated infinitely, and there are also two or more phrases. The wooden drum is the ancestral drum of the Miao people and is not used in ancestor worship activities. The Li family in Qinglang Village continues to hold ancestor worship activities once a year, and there are still one pair left. The rest of the area has disappeared due to the loss of large-scale ancestor worship activities. The wooden drum is about 150 cm long and 30 cm in diameter. It is made by cutting a log into a hollow cylinder and stretching cowhide on both sides. When used, it is placed on a wooden stand, struck with drum sticks, and danced to the sound. When the activity is over, it is placed in a cave or drum room. Feige of the Miao ethnic group is one of the most representative typical Miao songs. It is called HXak Yangt in Miao language, also known as roar song, shout song and folk song. It is an invitation for young men and women to express their sincerity to each other when they are separated by mountains and rivers. A kind of love song that expresses one's feelings while traveling. Fei Ge is sometimes used when greeting guests or having a banquet. There are three types of flying songs: Guaiding, Kaitang and Wanshui. The music ends low. The Miao love song, called HXak Yex Fangb in the Miao language, has a low four-tone scale, a drawl at the end, ups and downs in intensity, a melodious low back, and a blend of lyricism. Most of them are solos and duets, and a few are duets. Miao folk dances include Lusheng dance, copper drum dance, wood drum dance, Xiangxi drum dance, bench dance and ancient gourd dance, etc. Especially Lusheng dance is the most popular.

Danzhai, Taijiang, Huangping, Leishan, Kaili, Dafang, Shuicheng in Guizhou, as well as Rongshui in Guangxi and other places hold traditional festivals such as the fifteenth of the first lunar month, the third of the third lunar month and the ninth of the ninth lunar month each year, as well as Chinese New Year, ancestor worship, and making. House, harvest, wedding, marriage