An example of geological tourism resources development evaluation

The purpose of tourism resources evaluation is to compare the development value of tourism resources, or to rank their importance in planning and management. In the world natural heritage site with three parallel rivers, the purpose of geological tourism landscape evaluation is to determine its primary and secondary relationship through comparison, and to select geological tourism resources more suitable for heritage display from the perspective of resources. On the premise of heritage protection, it provides a basis for rational utilization of geological tourism resources, scientific design of tourism products, and formulation and implementation of heritage protection and utilization planning.

However, the geological tourism resources of the three parallel rivers are large in quantity, wide in area and complex in landscape combination. Considering the particularity of science, appreciation and its formation and evolution, from the perspective of utilization, the evaluation of resource units is meaningless in tourism development. Therefore, it is necessary to divide the geological tourism landscape before the evaluation work, and further seek the evaluation grade of geological tourism resources.

Second, the evaluation object

Geological tourism resources exist in a certain area, with a certain scale and combination form. Geological tourism landscape zoning is to divide the geographical distribution into geological tourism landscape units with different levels and combinations according to the grade and combination characteristics of geological tourism resources, so as to establish the spatial relationship between landscape units and the landscape unit system.

Geological tourism resources are the product of geological processes, so they can be divided into different geological tourism resources landscape units according to different geological units. The geological landforms of the world natural heritage sites with three parallel rivers are complex and diverse, but as far as geological tourism resources are concerned, their scales are large and small, and many of them are mutually inclusive, so it is difficult to distinguish resources in space. According to the spatial combination characteristics and main landscape effects of the main geomorphic units in the three parallel rivers, it is divided into four geological tourism resource landscape belts: Dulong River landscape belt, Lancang River landscape belt, Nujiang River landscape belt and Jinsha River landscape belt. On this basis, it is further divided into 15 geological tourist attractions, 38 geological tourist attractions and more than 300 geological tourist attractions (,Yang, 2007).

Third, the evaluation method

Due to the particularity of three parallel rivers and the complexity of geological tourism resources evaluation, with the help of remote sensing and geographic information technology, comprehensive evaluation is carried out by using the commonly used quantitative methods such as comprehensive analytic hierarchy process, Delphi method and fuzzy assignment method. The main steps are as follows:

Step 1: Determine the evaluation model;

Step 2: Determine the evaluation factors;

Step 3: Determine the weight and grade of evaluation factors;

Step 4: combine the scores;

Step 5: Get the order of importance of comprehensive evaluation of tourism development value.

(A) evaluation model

The following models are used for evaluation:

Geological tourism

Among them, e is the comprehensive evaluation value of tourism development value in geological tourism resource area, and the score system is10; Qi is the weight of the i-th evaluation factor; Pi is the evaluation value of the i-th factor; N is the number of evaluation factors.

(B) the determination of evaluation factors

Yang (2007), based on field investigation and expert consultation, believes that the tourism utilization value of geological tourism scenic spots in the world natural heritage site with three parallel rivers is mainly determined by four aspects: first, the value characteristics of geological tourism resources themselves can be determined by secondary factors such as factor type, beauty, particularity, scale, historical, cultural and scientific value and scene combination; The second is the ambient atmosphere, which can be measured by environmental capacity, safety and stability, comfort, hygiene standards and other indicators; Thirdly, the conditions of tourism development and utilization can be determined by location, industrial economic base, the distance between traffic conditions and tourist center towns, infrastructure conditions, the dispersion degree of scenic spots and other indicators; Fourthly, the contribution of geological tourism resources to the authenticity and uniqueness of the world natural heritage can be measured by comparing it with the relevant standards for declaring the world natural heritage in parallel with the Three Rivers.

(3) Determine the weight parameters and scoring grades of each factor.

It is the key to measure the quality of evaluation model to reasonably determine the weight coefficient of evaluation indicators at each evaluation level. Using Delphi method, eight experts and researchers who have been engaged in tourism development and planning for a long time were selected for investigation.

Firstly, the Delphi method is used to get the weight coefficients of value characteristics, heritage contribution, environmental atmosphere and development and utilization conditions of tourism geological resources, which are 3.5, 2.0, 1.5 and 3.0 respectively. Therefore, the evaluation model of geological tourism resource areas with three parallel rivers can be expressed by the following formula:

e 1/ 10(3.5i2h 1.5 q3k)

Among them, e is the comprehensive evaluation value of tourism development value of geological tourism resource area.

According to Table 4-3 to Table 4-6, further determine the weight and score level of specific factors in the evaluation factor layer.

Table 4-3 Evaluation of Landscape Area Value Evaluation Characteristics

Source: Yang Guihua. Tourism resources. Kunming: Yunnan University Press, 1999.

Table 4-4 Environmental Atmospheric Assessment of Landscape Area

Source: Yang Guihua. Tourism resources. Kunming: Yunnan University Press, 1999.

Table 4-5 Evaluation of Contribution Degree of Landscape Area to Heritage

Source: Yang Guihua. Tourism resources. Kunming: Yunnan University Press, 1999.

Table 4-6 Evaluation of Development and Utilization Conditions of Landscape Area

Source: Yang Guihua. Tourism resources. Kunming: Yunnan University Press, 1999.

(d) Determine the score of each factor.

The score of each factor depends on the actual situation of each factor. If it can be solved by scientific means, it must be objective. For those with strong subjectivity, it is solved through questionnaire survey; Especially professional, judged by Delphi method.

Four. assessment result

According to the above scores, the geological tourism landscape features (I), heritage contribution (H), environmental atmosphere (Q) and development conditions (K) are scored. , according to the following criteria to calculate the comprehensive score and classification, get table 4-7.

Table 4-7 Evaluation Results of Tourism Development Value of Scenic Spots

sequential

Source:, Yang,. Tourism geological problems in the protection of world heritage. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 2007. Excellent: comprehensive score above 7.0; Good: the comprehensive score is above 6.5; Medium: The comprehensive score is below 9.5.

As can be seen from Table 4-7, the scores of geological tourism resources in the three parallel rivers are generally high, and the scores are relatively concentrated, all of which are around 6~8. The main reason is that the scores of each landscape area are close in three aspects: landscape characteristics, heritage contribution and environmental atmosphere, but the conditions are different.

From the overall tourism utilization value, the scores from high to low are Xiaozhongdian, Shangri-La, Laojunshan, Meili Snow Mountain, Haba Snow Mountain, Weixi, Benzilan, Bingzhongluo, Gangqu River, Lushui, Baishadi, Maku, Hongshan, Siyong and Bijiang.

If administrative ownership is not considered, the comprehensive score can not only reflect the development value of geological tourism resources, but also provide a strong basis for the formulation of development sequence. The value of tourism development itself is also a variable, especially the economic base, transportation and other infrastructure conditions will change in the development. However, in the world natural heritage site with three parallel rivers, limited by the natural environment and heritage protection, this change will be very slow. The ranking of tourism development value of geological tourism resources will maintain the status quo for a long time.