What are the hometown cultures in Tianjin?

Tianjin is the center of Mazu culture in the northern region, so there is a saying that there is Mazu Tempel in Meizhou in the south and Tianhou Palace in Tianjin in the north. Mazu culture is one of the important sources of Tianjin history and culture. The folk proverb "Niangniang Temple comes first, then Tianjin Wei" fully shows the important position of Mazu culture in the history of Tianjin civilization development. The ancient cultural street centered on Tianhou Palace has become a famous tourist attraction at home and abroad and an important "window" to display the image of the city. Relying on Cultural Street and Haihe River, holding the first Tianjin Mazu Cultural Tourism Festival is conducive to protecting and excavating Tianjin's historical remains and promoting the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation. It is conducive to strengthening emotional exchanges with Chinese people all over the world, especially compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and strengthening friendly exchanges and cooperation between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait; It is conducive to improving the cultural taste and influence of the city and promoting the accelerated development of culture, tourism and regional economy. Tianjin Municipal People's Government listed Tianjin Mazu Cultural Tourism Festival as one of the 20 practical things of the municipal government this year, which won wide support from all walks of life and positive response at home and abroad. After preliminary contact, nearly 1,000 people will be organized by non-governmental organizations and tourism departments in Taiwan Province, Hongkong, Macau and Fujian to attend the conference in Tianjin.

Tianjin historical and cultural stroll.

(1) In ancient Tianjin, according to the research of unearthed cultural relics, a number of ancestral settlements had been formed as early as the Warring States period. However, during the Western Han Dynasty, a large-scale sea immersion occurred, the coastal plain was flooded and Wang Yang was deserted. Later, with the formation of Haihe River system, settlements began to flourish. The earliest recorded village is called "Zhigu", which is located at the fork of the Haihe River, so it is also called "Sanchagu". Later generations once called Haihe River "Mother River" and Sanchakou "Cradle of Tianjin". The metaphor is vivid and friendly and deeply rooted in people's hearts.

(2) Zhugu lived by the river, and the ancestors used to fish for a living except farming, so the history books say that "it was just a fishing castle at first". There are few written records about the early humanistic mentality. Zhigu is located in the northern border, far from the Central Plains culture, and its development lags behind. The ancestors could not explain many natural phenomena, and they had a kind of fear, so they took the superstitious activities of worshipping gods to exorcise ghosts and praying for disaster relief as their spiritual pillar. This can be seen from the prayers and exorcism sacrifices of the gods buried in many tombs.

(3) During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Buddhist culture had spread to northern Xinjiang. During the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty, Li Shimin led troops to Liaodong, returned to North Korea through support, and stayed at Qingguo Temple on the Haihe River. Wei Chijingde, a colleague of the Duke of Hubei, hung his armor in the temple, and Li Shimin renamed it "Guajia Temple". This anecdote is not recorded in the official history, and belongs to the historical materials passed down from mouth to mouth. The description in the county annals is enough to be trusted. Therefore, Buddhism had spread to Zhigu at the latest in the early years of the Tang Dynasty, and there was more than one temple, Qingguo Temple. According to historical records, during the period from Yuan Dynasty to Mindfulness, a Tianzhu (India) monk named Haihui got married at Haihui Temple in the northwest of the city, indicating that Buddhism in Zhigu had formed a certain climate at that time. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the incense of Buddhist temples was flourishing day by day, and there were many temples inside and outside the city like stars, as evidenced by the pictures in "The Picture of Jinmen Jiabao". During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, there were two poets in Tianjin: one was Shi Gao of Daci Academy, and the other was Cheng Heng of Guang Hai Temple. They made friends with celebrities, wrote poems and painted pictures, and spread them as stories of Zen forest. In modern times, two other eminent monks appeared: Hong Yi (Li Shutong) and Xu Xian (Wang Futing), who practiced rigorously and made great achievements. The former is honored as "the 11th ancestor of Nanshan Legalist School", while the latter is listed as "the 44th legal heir of Tiantai Sect", and their fame spreads far and wide at home and abroad. Therefore, the origin of Buddhist culture in Tianjin can not be ignored.

(4) The Yuan Dynasty made its capital mostly (now Beijing), and grain, cloth and silk provided Jiangnan with maritime communication lines, followed by water transportation and Mazu culture. Zhi gu is the terminal of grain transportation. In order to pray for the safety of navigation, two Tianfei palaces (behind the Heavenly Palace) were built in zhi gu. When the grain carrier arrived, officials held a grand ceremony to worship the gods, which became a major event in zhi gu's social life, thus enlivening the businesses around Tianfei Palace. The establishment of Tianfei Palace can be regarded as the historical coordinate of Tianjin's urban development, so there is an old saying: "Tianhou Palace comes first, then Tianjin City." Tian Fei, Mazu, the legendary escort "goddess", has evolved into a "descendant empress" who also takes care of women and children, including bearing children, and has become the supreme and beloved idol of women in Shengu. Later, he was known as the "landlord of Sanjinfu" and seemed to be the patron saint of Tianjin. During the reign of Kangxi, a grand meeting (Emperor's Meeting) was held. The whole city is full of songs and dances, just like the "carnival" in the west. Mazu culture permeates the field of folk customs, which constitutes a major feature of Zhigu culture.

(5) In the second year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1404), Tianjin was named Wei Jiancheng, which laid the cornerstone of urban development. In two years, it will celebrate its 600th anniversary. Tianjin set up a garrison and became a barrier to defend the capital. Garrison, vendors gathered, and the floating population surged, showing the characteristics of an immigrant city, as well as culturally.

"Tianjin Wei Zhi" said: "Tianjin is close to the East China Sea, so there are barren rocks and reeds. In the early years of Yongle, there were Fujian, Guangzhou, Wu, Chu and Qi." In other words, Tianjin accepted a large number of immigrants who were guarding the border, transporting grain, doing business and fleeing from the desert, accompanied by military culture, canal culture, Jianghuai culture, Fujian and Guangdong culture, Islamic culture, and especially language culture. According to linguists' investigation, Tianjin dialect with characteristics originated from Jianghuai, and the change of population composition has created Tianjin dialect. Islamic culture was introduced with the migration of Hui people. At the beginning of the Wei Dynasty, Tianqi Temple and Mu Zhuangzi (later merged into Tianmu Village) in northern Tianjin settled down and built mosques. Muslim cuisine has gradually spread and become an important part of Tianjin's food culture.

Four directions are mixed, customs are different, and immigrant culture enriches the connotation of Tianjin's history and culture.

(6) In the second year of Emperor Yongzheng of Qing Dynasty (1725), Tianjin was changed to a state, and the state was promoted to a government, which strengthened the city status of Tianjin. Tianjin is an important land and water terminal in the north, which is conducive to business travel and product distribution. After the port was opened in the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860), domestic and foreign trade grew rapidly and the dock economy became more active. Economic development has expanded the space for cultural development.

Since the mid-Qing dynasty, there have been many teahouses, bookstores and theaters around the pier, and there are also an endless stream of foreign actors, which is called "running the pier". It turns out that the rural Yetaizi troupe has entered the city stage, and local operas such as Pingxi and Hebei Bangzi have taken root in Tianjin and sung all over the north, so Tianjin is regarded as the "birthplace". All kinds of drum songs are popular in Tianjin, which has strong local characteristics and a large number of celebrities, and has won the reputation of "the hometown of folk art". Shehuo (folk collective entertainment) with unique local style has a long history, passed down from generation to generation, and is active in villages. Folk martial arts have always been popular, and martial arts masters Huo Yuanjia and Cao Jin have long been known as "the two heroes of the Han Dynasty". Exquisite folk crafts, Yangliuqing New Year pictures have been exported to the "Three North" areas as early as the early Qing Dynasty. Zhang Mingshan's clay sculpture appeals to both refined and popular tastes and is very famous in Sanjin. Brick carving, wood carving, kites, velvet flowers and paper-cutting are all unique. These all have the charm of dock culture. In particular, after the Republic of China, popular novels such as martial arts, romance, cautionary tales and storytelling covered the cultural market, resulting in a number of popular novel writers. Among them, the works of famous artists such as Liu Yunruo, Lord and Gong were popular and sold well for a while, so Tianjin was called the "Northern Popular Novel Creation Center". Dock culture has commonness and affinity, and has a broad mass base, also known as market culture.

Dock culture belongs to the category of popular culture. There has always been a saying that Tianjin culture with vulgar characteristics can be called "Wei School" culture, and it is full-fledged with "Beijing School" culture and "Shanghai School" culture.

(7) Tianjin's history and culture developed along two levels, including "Xialiba people" and "Chun Xue", that is, refined culture.

The prosperity of Tianjin's literary world in the era of "Kang Gan Sheng Shi" is directly related to the investment of wealthy businessmen and salt merchants in culture. At that time, the salt merchants and gentry were keen on building private gardens, including twenty or thirty places, such as Zhang Lin's garden, Longzhen Old Village, Shuixizhuang in Charigan and Yan Xuelou in Shui Gu Caotang in Anshangyi. These gardens are not only lush with flowers and trees, but also exquisite pavilions and pavilions, which are pleasing to the eye and are also places where people gather. The owner of the manor widely accepts literati and distinguished guests, recites poems, drinks and splashes ink, learns from each other and enjoys treasures, which is extremely romantic and elegant. Among them, Shuixizhuang, which covers an area of 100 mu, is the most famous. Together with Xiaoling Mountain Pavilion in Yangzhou and Xiaoshan Hall in Hangzhou, it is called the three private gardens of the Canal, or the three bright pearls of the Canal culture. This situation of gathering humanities has lasted for decades. Many literati and celebrities who are well-known in the north and south came to Tianjin, some of whom stayed in transit and some settled for a long time, which promoted the prosperity of Tianjin's literary world. During the Daoguang period, the poet Mei Chengdong compiled the book "Jinmen Poetry Banknotes", which included more than 400 poets and more than 3,000 poems since the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, making Zhong Ling a magnificent landscape and a masterpiece of Tianjin's literary world. Rural scholars Cha, Jin Yugang, Kang Yaoqu, Fan Bin, Hua Changqing, Yang Guangyi, etc. They are all well-read, and their books have been handed down from generation to generation. In terms of calligraphy and painting, Tianjin is also full of talents and famous artists come forth in large numbers.

The trend of literati association in Tianjin continued until the 1930' s, although it was inevitable that it was high and low, but it always occupied a dominant position.

(8) The opening of Tianjin 1860, when foreign powers occupied the area and opened up concessions, the Qing ruling group also set up a "Westernization" stronghold in Tianjin, which caused a large influx of western cultures, such as Christian culture, modern science and technology culture, western education model, western architectural culture, competitive culture, music art and entertainment culture. Tianjin takes the lead. At that time, the country was in a historical period of political turmoil, and the change of ideas was helpful to criticize the feudal social system and transition to urban modernization. Yan Fu, known as the bourgeois enlightenment thinker at the end of 19, translated books and articles in Tianjin, publicized the bourgeois "Western learning", and shouted loudly for "reform", "national salvation", "survival" and "self-improvement", which aroused the deaf and awakened the Chinese people and influenced the young intellectuals of a whole era.

In the late Qing Dynasty, the rule was in crisis, and foreign powers invaded the territory in an attempt to turn China into a colony. In Tianjin, there have been three massive anti-imperialist storms, namely, the burning of Wanghailou Church, the Boxer Movement and the opening of the old west, which are earth-shattering and touching! This is a political struggle between aggression and anti-aggression, but coincidentally, all this is caused by the arrogance and misconduct of foreign missionaries, which can also be said to be a violent collision between Chinese and western cultures. Although it is not excluded that there is a certain degree of "xenophobia" in it, the struggle is aimed at the aggression of the great powers, dare to fight and dare to fight, fearless, and carry forward the spirit of Tianjin people's patriotism and love for their hometown.

To sum up, Tianjin has a long history and culture, rooted in the people, inclusive and colorful. In the past, there was a saying that "Tianjin is a cultural desert", which obviously did not conform to historical reality.

"Pay attention to diet and wear fashionable clothes". I hope everything in Tianjin is better than other places. At that time, it has become the pursuit of Tianjin people.

The old Tianjin genre painting, Tianjin has shown admirable modern civilization at that time.

Tianjin human history

From the Neolithic Age, Tianjin experienced the continuous development of Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Spring and Autumn and Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties and Liao and Song Dynasties for thousands of years, and gradually developed its early civilization on the basis of primitive settlements. In the Jin dynasty, Tianjin became a garrison fortress-Zhigu village because of its geographical location; The Yuan Dynasty also formed a river port because of the transportation of seawater, and established Haijin Town here. With the development of feudal commodity economy, Tianjin gradually developed into a new commercial city after the establishment of Wei Zhu in Ming Dynasty. By the middle of Qing Dynasty, thanks to the river, shipping and reed salt, Tianjin had rapidly developed into a commercial distribution center in the north and a major capital city. From the Xianfeng decade (1860) when it was forced to open a port to the Republic of China, it was the stage of Tianjin's development. On the one hand, as an industrial city, it is developing towards modernization, on the other hand, the semi-feudal and semi-colonial society is deepening day by day. It was not until 1949 65438+ 10/5 that Tianjin opened a new chapter in its history. About 5000 years ago, the ancestors of the Neolithic Age began to live and work here. Weifang site unearthed from Wuli in the east of Jixian County is a cultural relic from primitive society to Shang and Zhou Dynasties. During the Yin and Shang Dynasties, some small minority countries, such as Di Ku, were distributed in the northern mountainous areas of Tianjin. During the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Spring and Autumn Period, this area was the fief of Zhao Gong Bai Ji and his family. During the Warring States Period, the north and south of Haihe River belonged to Zhao State and Yan State, and it was the place where Yan State, Zhao State and Qi State competed.

Tianjin in Qin Dynasty belonged to Shanggu County. In the Western Han Dynasty, Tianjin South was subordinate to Zhangwu, Dongping Shu and Wen 'an counties in Bohai County. It belongs to Quanzhou, Yongnv and Wudong counties in Yuyang County in the north. Quanzhou City Site is located in Shang Cheng Village, Wuqing County. There are rich cultural relics in the site, including jars, beans, pottery pots, tiles and pottery pot fragments with Quanzhou imprint. Pottery pots and pots with Quanzhou seals were also found in Shuangkou Town, southeast of 1 1 km. Dongping village said that the site is located in Diaotai village in the west of Jinghai, and many cultural relics from the Warring States period and the Western Han Dynasty are scattered on the site.

Tianjin is close to the Bohai Sea and has unique salt-making conditions. The Western Han Dynasty set up 38 salt officials throughout the country, including Quanzhou and Zhangwu. It can be seen that the salt industry here occupied a certain position at that time. Tianjin pillow river faces the sea and has a long history of water transportation. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, after Cao Cao defeated Yuan Shao, he marched into Wu Heng in the north. In order to meet the needs of military transportation, since the 11th year of Jian 'an (206), three transportation canals, namely Pinglu Canal, Quanzhou Canal and Xinhe Canal, have been dug successively. This is the earliest artificial river in the history of Tianjin. Since then, more than 300 large and small rivers on the North China Plain have been laid and gathered in Tianjin today, and the Haihe River, then known as the Paihe Tail, has been injected into the Bohai Sea. Park Yu-yi, located in Paihekou, Cao Wei (now around Junliangcheng, Dongli District), is undoubtedly the first primitive estuary port that appeared shortly after the formation of this favorable condition, and its primary function is to transport and store military supplies. In the fourth year of Daye (608), following Yang Di's eastward expedition to Korea, he ordered the excavation of Yongji Canal, which started from Luokou and reached Zhuozhou County to deliver water, thus forming the Grand Canal running through the north and south. The Grand Canal connects the Yellow River, Huaihe River and Yangtze River with the rivers in North China Plain (that is, the present river-sea water system) where Paiwei River enters the sea into a waterway transportation network, thus making Paiwei, which is close to the northern end of the canal and has the convenience of river-sea shipping, more important. Jin and Yuan Dynasties were the early stages of Tianjin's urban formation. In the Yuan Dynasty, zhi gu became an important area where the military was stationed.

The name "Tianjin" appeared in the early years of Yongle and was given by Judy, which means the place where the son of heaven crossed the river. In the second year of Yongle (1404), Tianjin was formally established as an auxiliary place of the capital (the garrison was a military institution of the Ming Dynasty), so it was called "Tianjin Wei". Tianjin Zuo Wei and Tianjin Youwei were added later. Tianjin Sanwei Zhili is located in the DuDu mansion, with more than 65,438 officers and men (1493- 1494). Liu Fu, the garrison road in Tianjin, is a brick acropolis with four gates, which are named as "Town East", "Dingnan", "Anxi" and "Anxi". Since then, Tianjin has become a large grain storage area near Beijing.

The market and business district in Tianjin officially appeared in Xuande period of Ming Dynasty (1426- 1435), located in the center of the city, at Simen, near Hongzhi period (1488- 1505), thus adding five cities and one city, which greatly activated the Tianjin market. At this time, Tianjin has become a commodity distribution center in northern China with a large population. After the mid-Ming Dynasty, salt drying technology was gradually adopted in the salt field on the west coast of Bohai Bay. Since then, Tianjin's salt production has greatly increased, with high quality and low price. It created conditions for the transfer of Luyan production and marketing center to Tianjin in Qing Dynasty. On March 19th, the seventeenth year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng led the rebels to capture Beijing and build Dashun. The next day, Tianjin became the jurisdiction of Dashun. After the Qing Dynasty entered the customs in A.D. 1644, Tianjin Wei became more and more important as the gateway of the capital with its stable dominance and economic development. In the ninth year of Yongzheng, it was promoted to Tianjin Prefecture, which governed six counties including Tianjin, Qingxian, Jinghai, Nanpi, Yanshan, Qingyun and Cangzhou. Since then, Tianjin has become the first city in Kyrgyzstan. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, with the development of river-sea shipping, a large number of goods were transported in the north and south, which made Tianjin's commerce unprecedentedly prosperous. /kloc-at the beginning of the 0/8th century, due to the development of inter-port commerce, money houses engaged in exchange business appeared in Tianjin, and since then, businessmen from north and south have followed suit. With the development of commerce and finance, Tianjin has further developed into a commercial center in northern China.

During the Second Opium War, Tianjin, as a military stronghold guarding the capital, played a more prominent role. In Dagukou World War III, in order to threaten the Qing government, the powers forced it to sign an alliance under the city and directly took Tianjin. According to the Sino-British and Sino-French Beijing Treaty signed in June 1860, Tianjin was forced to open ports for trade. With the opening of Tianjin, foreign businessmen began to enter Tianjin and set up foreign firms. Tianjin gradually evolved from an inward-looking closed commercial city to an export-oriented trade center with North China, Northeast China and even Northwest China as its hinterland. 1870, the court appointed Li Hongzhang as governor of Zhili and minister of Beiyang trade. Li worked hard to establish the Westernization Movement for more than 20 years. Tianjin became the center of China's Westernization Movement through the establishment of Tianjin Machinery Bureau and the development of modern mining, transportation, post and telecommunications. 1895, after the treaty of shimonoseki was signed, the imperialist powers set off a frenzy to carve up China. In North China, Tianjin has become the target of contention. By dividing concessions and setting up banks, Tianjin's semi-colonization deepened. After the Revolution of 1911, Tianjin was changed to Tianjin County, and the capital of Zhili was located in Tianjin. 1On June 28th, 928, Zhili Province was renamed Hebei Province, and Tianjin remained as the provincial capital. The establishment of Tianjin Special City in Tianjin City and its vicinity is the beginning of Tianjin. During the Republic of China, Tianjin's cultural and educational undertakings continued to develop. 191910/October 17, Zhang Boling founded the undergraduate department of Nankai Middle School. Two years later, it was officially renamed Nankai University.

Ancient history of Tianjin

In ancient Tianjin, according to the study of unearthed cultural relics, as early as the Warring States period, a number of ancestral settlements had been formed. However, during the Western Han Dynasty, a large-scale sea immersion occurred, and the coastal plain was flooded, leaving Wang Yang desolate. Later, with the formation of Haihe River system, settlements began to flourish. The earliest recorded village is called "Zhigu", which is located at the fork of the Haihe River, so it is also called "Sanchagu". Later generations once called Haihe River "Mother River" and Sanchakou "Cradle of Tianjin". The metaphor is vivid and friendly and deeply rooted in people's hearts. Zhigu lived by the river, and his ancestors used to fish for a living except farming, so the history book says that "it was just a fishing castle at first." There are few written records about the early humanistic mentality. Zhigu is located in the northern border, far from the Central Plains culture, and its development lags behind. The ancestors could not explain many natural phenomena, and they had a kind of fear, so they took the superstitious activities of worshipping gods to exorcise ghosts and praying for disaster relief as their spiritual pillar. This can be seen from the prayers and exorcism sacrifices of the gods buried in many tombs.

During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Buddhist culture had spread to northern Xinjiang. During the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty, Li Shimin led troops to Liaodong, returned to North Korea through support, and stayed at Qingguo Temple on the Haihe River. Wei Chijingde, a colleague of the Duke of Hubei, hung his armor in the temple, and Li Shimin renamed it "Guajia Temple". This anecdote is not recorded in the official history, and belongs to the historical materials passed down from mouth to mouth. The description in the county annals is enough to be trusted. Therefore, Buddhism had spread to Zhigu at the latest in the early years of the Tang Dynasty, and there was more than one temple, Qingguo Temple. According to historical records, during the period from Yuan Dynasty to Mindfulness, a Tianzhu (India) monk named Haihui got married at Haihui Temple in the northwest of the city, indicating that Buddhism in Zhigu had formed a certain climate at that time. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the incense of Buddhist temples was flourishing day by day, and there were many temples inside and outside the city like stars, as evidenced by the pictures in "The Picture of Jinmen Jiabao".

During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, there were two poets in Tianjin: one was Shi Gao of Daci Academy, and the other was Cheng Heng of Guang Hai Temple. They made friends with celebrities, wrote poems and painted pictures, and spread them as stories of Zen forest. In modern times, two other eminent monks appeared: Hong Yi (Li Shutong) and Xu Xian (Wang Futing), who practiced rigorously and made great achievements. The former is honored as "the 11th ancestor of Nanshan Legalist School", while the latter is listed as "the 44th legal heir of Tiantai Sect", and their fame spreads far and wide at home and abroad. Therefore, the origin of Buddhist culture in Tianjin can not be ignored.

The capital of the Yuan Dynasty was Dadu (now Beijing). Grain, cloth and silk were given to the south of the Yangtze River, which opened up a maritime communication line, followed by water transport culture and Mazu culture. Zhi gu is the terminal of grain transportation. In order to pray for the safety of navigation, two Tianfei palaces (behind the Heavenly Palace) were built in zhi gu. When the grain carrier arrived, officials held a grand ceremony to worship the gods, which became a major event in zhi gu's social life, thus enlivening the businesses around Tianfei Palace. The establishment of Tianfei Palace can be regarded as the historical coordinate of Tianjin's urban development, so there is an old saying: "Tianhou Palace comes first, then Tianjin City." Tian Fei, Mazu, the legendary escort "goddess", has evolved into a "descendant empress" who also takes care of women and children, including bearing children, and has become the supreme and beloved idol of women in Shengu. Later, he was known as the "landlord of Sanjinfu" and seemed to be the patron saint of Tianjin. During the reign of Kangxi, a grand meeting (Emperor's Meeting) was held. The whole city is full of songs and dances, just like the "carnival" in the west. Mazu culture permeates the field of folk customs, which constitutes a major feature of Zhigu culture.

In the second year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1404), Tianjin was named, and the city was built by the garrison, which laid the cornerstone of urban development. In two years, it will celebrate its 600th anniversary. Tianjin set up a garrison and became a barrier to defend the capital. Garrison, vendors gathered, and the floating population surged, showing the characteristics of an immigrant city, as well as culturally.

"Tianjin Wei Zhi" said: "Tianjin is close to the East China Sea, so there are barren rocks and reeds. In the early years of Yongle, there were Fujian, Guangzhou, Wu, Chu and Qi." In other words, Tianjin accepted a large number of immigrants who were guarding the border, transporting grain, doing business and fleeing from the desert, accompanied by military culture, canal culture, Jianghuai culture, Fujian and Guangdong culture, Islamic culture, and especially language culture. According to linguists' investigation, Tianjin dialect with characteristics originated from Jianghuai, and the change of population composition has created Tianjin dialect. Islamic culture was introduced with the migration of Hui people. At the beginning of the Wei Dynasty, Tianqi Temple and Mu Zhuangzi (later merged into Tianmu Village) in northern Tianjin settled down and built mosques. Muslim cuisine has gradually spread and become an important part of Tianjin's food culture.

Four directions are mixed, customs are different, and immigrant culture enriches the connotation of Tianjin's history and culture.