I don’t know the true face of Mount Lu

Voice-over (preview):

"Everywhere in life is similar, it should be like a flying dragon stepping on slush." ??Su Shi, who had extraordinary literary talent, was frustrated in officialdom and had an unsuccessful career throughout his life. On the way to being demoted, and at the bottom of the rough and gloomy life, Su Shi used poetry to constantly resolve his inner sorrow and anger. It turned out that he "didn't know the true face of Mount Lu", but he "just lived in this mountain". Professor Kang Zhen from the School of Liberal Arts of Beijing Normal University tells you about the twelfth episode of the series "Su Shi of the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties" "Not Knowing the True Face of Mount Lu", so stay tuned.

Voice-over:

Su Shi was one of the greatest writers in ancient China. He was proficient in poetry, lyrics, and songs, especially his lyrics, which became the highest level representative of Song poetry. Compared with his great achievements in lyrics, Su Shi's poems are also of a very high level, such as "Three or two branches of peach blossoms outside the bamboo, the duck prophet of the warm water in the spring river"; "If you want to compare the West Lake to the West, it is always better to put on light makeup and heavy makeup" and so on. This is an excellent work, popular and widely circulated, and has been included in the popularization and promotion of contemporary Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools. Among Su Shi's poems, the most well-known one is "I don't know the true face of Mount Lu, I just live in this mountain." With the spread of this poem, "The true face of Mount Lu" has also become a common saying in the market. So how was this song "Inscribed on the Silin Wall" created? What kind of feelings are contained in Su Shi's poems? Professor Kang Zhen from the School of Liberal Arts of Beijing Normal University tells you about the twelfth episode of the series "Su Shi of the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties" "Not Knowing the True Face of Mount Lu", so stay tuned.

Kang Zhen:

Su Shi is a litterateur. We are all familiar with Su Shi’s poetry. In fact, we also know that he is a great poet. Su Shi's poems have a great characteristic, that is, they are always full of curiosity. What is curiosity? Strange means strange and strange, it always has something novel; interesting means that it has great interest and interest, so this strange interest is a very prominent feature of Su Shi's poems.

But if you want to write a strange and interesting poem, it should be more rugged and not so easy. It cannot be written casually. Therefore, his famous poem about Lushan Mountain is actually It took a lot of trouble, but everyone doesn’t know this. The poem "Lushan" has some origins. In the first month of the seventh year of Yuanfeng, Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty, it was already the fifth year since Su Shi was demoted in Huangzhou. Due to various reasons, which we have already mentioned before, Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty had no regard for Su Shi. For him, this person is a difficult person. He is a little loose in his views. He just wants to say, don't let him stay in Huangzhou all the time. Move him to a place closer to the capital. Therefore, Shenzong personally issued an edict one day to move Su Shi from Huangzhou to Ruzhou, not far from Fengzhou. This is of course a good thing. In April, Su Shi left Huangzhou after receiving the imperial edict. After he left Huangzhou, because his younger brother Su Che was demoted to Yunzhou at that time, he discussed with his family that he would go to Yunzhou to meet his brother through Lushan first. After that, he would turn back and meet his family in Lushan and Jiujiang, and then go to Ruzhou together.

He came to Lushan this time and wanted to have a good walk around the mountain. His good friends Foyin and Dao Qian, both monks, accompanied him around the mountain. After he arrived at Lushan Mountain, he found that Lushan Mountain was particularly beautiful. And we know that Lushan Mountain is not famous like mountains like Shizhong Mountain. Lushan Mountain is already very famous. Naturally, there are many literati in the past dynasties, including poets from the Tang Dynasty and poets before the Tang Dynasty. Singing about Lushan Mountain, Lushan Mountain itself is extremely beautiful, so Su Shi himself felt, is it necessary for me to write anything more about Lushan Mountain? He told his friends that I didn’t write a single poem when I came to Lushan this time. Please note that when he came to Lushan, his original intention was not to write anything. But Su Shi was so famous that as soon as he arrived on the mountain, all the monks in the middle and lower parts of the mountain knew that the famous Su Zizhan was coming, and they rushed to tell each other that Su Zizhan was here, Su Zizhan was here. Of course, we have not seen what the actual situation is. Su Shi was so excited that he wrote a poem, saying:

With mango shoes and a green bamboo stick, I hang a hundred coins on myself to travel.

It’s strange that in the deep mountains, everyone knows the old prince. ——One of Su Shi's "Three Poems on First Arrival in Lushan"

Oh, everyone in this deep mountain and old forest knows me. Walking further into the mountains, I got excited and remembered, oh, didn’t I tell my friends not to write at first? Now that he has broken the precept, let’s play another one. He wrote another poem:

The green hills are as bare as they are, and the rough hills are not close to each other.

If you want to know the face of Lushan Mountain, he is an old friend. ——Su Shi's "Three Poems on First Entering Lushan Mountain" No. 2

Also said:

Since the past, I have cherished the appreciation of the Qing Dynasty and wandered in the mist.

It’s not a dream now, it’s really in Lushan. ——Su Shi's "Three Poems on First Visit to Mount Lu" No. 3

Mount Lu is so beautiful and colorful that if you want to know it all, you have to be an old friend of it. I have been fascinated by Mount Lu for a long time. When I came here today to take a look, I felt like I was swimming in a dream. Please note that his understanding of Lushan Mountain is a process. From the beginning, he said that he wanted to see the true face of Lushan Mountain, unless he is an old friend who has been with it for a long time and has been here many times. This was my first time here. I was so confused that I still felt like I was in a dream.

The beauty of Lushan Mountain deeply attracted Su Shi, so that he originally agreed not to write it, but he did. But now you notice, the poem has not been written yet. Why? You have to walk, and only by walking can the poem be written. Doesn't this conform to the laws of literary creation? If you don’t bring it, just write that. Well, as he was walking, it happened that he had a good friend who had passed away. There was a book called "Lushan Ji", which must be the same as now. Su Shi was holding a "travel guide" while walking, eh? Gotta go around. Two poems by poets from the previous generation are recorded in "The Story of Mount Lu". Needless to say, one is indispensable to Li Bai: "The sun shines on the incense burner and produces purple smoke. Looking at the waterfall hanging in front of the river in the distance. The water flows down three thousand feet. It is doubtful that "The Milky Way Falls in the Nine Heavens." This child can recite this poem, so Su Shi naturally has no objection. But Su Shi looked down on the second poem. A poet in the mid-Tang Dynasty named Xu Ning wrote this poem called "Lushan Waterfall". He specifically wrote about waterfalls. Like Li Bai, they all wrote about waterfalls. How do you say this poem?

The spring falls in the void and rises thousands of feet straight, and the thunder rushes into the river without stopping.

The ancient and modern sky is as white as a flying sky, and a boundary breaks through the green mountains.

——Xu Ning's "Lushan Waterfall"

It means that the waterfall in Lushan seems to have been falling from mid-air, hitting the thunder and entering the river. That is to say, this waterfall is so powerful that it feels like it will split the green mountains in half as soon as it falls. In fact, it was quite well written. Bai Juyi also said that the poem was so good that it "couldn't compete with it." What did he mean? It couldn't be written by him. But in Su Shi's eyes, this poem is not very good. The monk who accompanied him said, Master Su, would you like to sing a song too? Su Shi said it was no problem, and immediately wrote:

The emperor sent the Yinhe River to a group of people, but in ancient times there were only poems to banish immortals.

How much do you know about flying and splashing, but you can’t wash away bad poems with Xu Ning.

——Su Shi's "Poem of Playing at Xu Ning Waterfall"

What does it mean? It is said that there have been many poems written about Lushan Mountain throughout the ages. This is the Milky Way sent by God to the world, but only Li Bai's poems are the best. The waterfall in Lushan Mountain flows down. Its task is not to wash away Xu Ning's bad poem. It is equivalent to saying that the Lushan Waterfall is to give Xu Ning's poem a bath and turn it into a good poem. Made fun of Xu Ning's poem.

You see, it’s not that bad yet. I’m already competing with myself, first with my own promise, and then with Xu Ning’s poems.

Then when walking inside, because there were many stone carvings on Lushan Mountain, he and Dao Qian also had Buddhist seals. As they walked, they saw an inscription carved on a big stone. This inscription It is a passage (saying) in the Buddhist scriptures. Everyone stood here to read it, and then left after reading it. When he came back, Su Shi asked the people around him, "Can you still remember what was written on the inscription just now?" There was a monk named Zishun, and his Dharma name was Zishun. He memorized it "Hua Hua Hua" and memorized six or seven tenths of it. Everyone was very shocked. He had such a good memory and learned so well. Su Shi said, what is your Dharma name? Say my name is Zishun. Su Shi blurted out: "If you go against the grain, you will suffer troubles; if you go against it, you will achieve enlightenment." What do you mean? If a person is in a bad mood or is not smooth, troubles will arise. If a person's mood is comfortable, Bodhi will be born. Bodhi means enlightenment and wisdom. From then on, Zishun was called "Shun Bodhi" by his disciples and monks, which was an honorific title for him. What is this indicating? There are not only scenery in Lushan Mountain, but also people, and this person is also a person of understanding.

Walking further, he saw a poem carved on a stone. Su Shi thought the poem was well written. When he saw the signature, it was a monk from the mountain named Ke Zun. Finally, after Su Shi read it, he didn't recognize Ke Zun, so he just mixed it with the poem. There is no need for us to recite this poem, and there is no need for us to know this poem by Su Shihe. The problem is that Ke Zun happened to be on the mountain at that time. This monk Ke Zun was quite talented in poetry. However, because of his poetic talent, he felt that he was a bit awesome and did not think highly of others. As a result, when he was on the mountain, he heard that Su Shi was a scholar. I was so happy after reading his poem that I ran down the mountain with a bang, insisting on seeing him. Su Shi didn't know him at first. He just agreed with this poem. But unexpectedly, this man ran over sweating profusely. When he saw him, he said, "Master Su, I have many poems here. I want to share them with you." Sing a little. Su Shi didn't like this style. He recited one of his poems to Su Shi, but Su Shi didn't talk much and asked someone to carry the sedan and left. He felt that this man was particularly vulgar and he didn't look like a real poet. This person Ke Zun also said, hum, Su Shi is jealous of me, he is gone, he can't compare to me, he is protecting his own shortcomings.

You see, there are all kinds of birds in the mountains. There are "good birds" like Zishun, and there are also "birds" like Ke Zun who are not very good. This is the beauty of Lushan Mountain. There are Li Bai There are poems like that by Xu Ning, monks like Zishun, and monks like Ke Zun. They are really beautiful.

Do you think that poem was easy to write? not necessarily. Well, when I came to Lushan Mountain, I saw people, saw mountains, and saw waterfalls. I also wrote poems, which completely ruined Xu Ning’s poems. There are two places that must be seen, one is Donglin Temple in Lushan Mountain, and the other is Xilin Temple in Lushan Mountain. After seeing Donglin Temple, then look at Xilin Temple, look at Xilin Temple, look at it, and stop in front of a wall. After coming down, Su Shi thought it was time to write something, so he dipped his toes in thick ink and wrote on the wall: ?

Viewed from the side, there are ridges and peaks, with different heights near and far.

I don’t know the true face of Mount Lu, just because I am in this mountain. ?

After finishing writing, Su Shi said, "I have finished composing the Lushan poems." what? I have finished talking about Lushan Mountain. do you know? This sentence is very important. Regarding Lushan Mountain, this will be the final summary. This is my biggest feeling when I come to Lushan Mountain this time. We say that Su Shi's poems are interesting, but in fact the first two sentences are very ordinary, similar to vernacular poetry, "Viewed horizontally, they are like ridges and peaks on the side, with different heights from near to far." We can write this, but you can't write the last two sentences. Otherwise, he is Su Shi, and you are not Su Shi. Its strangeness and interest lie behind. "I don't know the true face of Mount Lu, I just live in this mountain" was the feeling he had at the beginning of his trip to the mountain. He began to feel like sleepwalking, and began to feel that if it weren't for people who were familiar with it, It is difficult to fully understand Lushan Mountain, and he does not know that there are so many different monks in Lushan Mountain, with different understandings, different opinions, and different poems. All of these gave him a deep feeling and a need for the truth. It’s too difficult to understand. This poem has this benefit. Do you know classical poetry? The first two sentences seemed ordinary, but by the third sentence, bang, he jumped up. With this jump, his height was different from yours. You fell down by the third sentence, and he jumped by the third sentence. I got up, not only jumped up, but also opened my eyes very wide, and saw this matter very clearly, which was very wonderful.

Voiceover:

For Su Shi, "The true face of Mount Lu" is not only a sensory proposition, but also a philosophical proposition of life. Su Shi not only wants to explore the true face of Mount Lu, but also Using objects to express ambitions, Lushan's poems are used to explore the true face of life. The idiom "Snow Mud Hongzhao" that we use from time to time comes from Su Shi's questioning of the truth of life. It comes from a poem written by Su Shi when he was only 20 years old. So, what kind of poem is this? How did "Snow Ni" and "Hongzhao" touch Su Shi's heart?

Kang Zhen:

In fact, Su Shi's poems have a great characteristic: they are always exploring the truth and questioning the truth. What truth? So you always want to figure out what's going on with this person? Why is he alive? What's the point of living? What does he mean by this strength? If he has energy or loses energy, what is the difference in the final state of a person? I have been pursuing this since I was young.

For example, we all know that he and Su Che did very well in the imperial examinations and scored very high. Later, both of them took the formal examinations and did well. Then there is a problem after the formal examination. You have to become officials. The court does not stipulate that because you are two brothers, you should work in the same room as officials. If not, the two of you will be separated. But Su Xun was in the capital at that time, so Su Che did not become an official for the time being. He stayed with his father in the capital, and Su Shi went to become an official. Su Zhe went to see him off. This was the first time that the two brothers were about to separate. Su Shi There were many emotions in his heart. When he walked to Mianchi, Henan, his emotions became even deeper. Why? Because Mianchi was a place that his father passed by when he led the two brothers to Beijing to take the exam on their way from Sichuan to Kaifeng. At that time, there was a temple in Mianchi, and they lived here. The abbot monk was called Master Fengxian. , and at that time they wrote a poem and inscribed it on the wall in the temple here. Now Master Fengxian has passed away and was buried under the tower. The wall is also dilapidated and the poem can no longer be read clearly. Su Shi wrote a poem:

Everywhere in life is similar, it should be like a flying dragon stepping on slush.

Fingers and claws are accidentally left on the mud. How can Hongfei count things?

The old monk has died and a new pagoda has been built, and there is no reason to see the old inscriptions on the broken walls.

Have you ever remembered the rugged past? The road was long, people were trapped, and donkeys neighed.

——Su Shi's "Hezi's Nostalgia from Mianchi"

What does it mean? "Everywhere in life is similar." What is life all about? Let me tell you what life is like. It’s snowing, it’s snowing heavily, and the vast snow is falling all over the ground. At this time, a bird flies over and stops on the snow. I don’t know what it is doing. It doesn't matter, the little bird stopped on the snow for a while, fluttered and flew away again. "Everywhere in life is similar, it should be like a flying dragon stepping on snowy mud." A bird left several paw prints here, and "occasionally left finger claws on the mud" because this bird may have flown from the east or from the east. Flying from the west, you don’t know where it came from. Anyway, a bird came, left a paw print, and flew away. "Hongfei is not counting things." It’s true that the bird flew away. After a while The snow keeps falling, keeps falling, are there still those paw prints? No more, covered. Has this bird been here? have no idea. Been here, have you seen me? Where are the birds? "Hongfei, what are you counting?" It's gone, it's gone. Where are the claws? Did it ever stop? paw? The paw prints are gone. Has this person been here? Have you been here before? have no idea. There is a sense of emptiness, a sense of impermanence, you know? "The old monk has died and become a new pagoda." Come and see the old monk. Is the old monk here? Only one tower remains. What about the poem about it? All gone. Do you still remember the past? Don’t even remember. Life is a process, and you are just a passer-by in this process, don't care so much. In fact, he really cared. He missed his brother Su Che, but he had to write like this.

You know that everything written in the works is contrary to what you think. In the works, you are more open-minded and careless, and your heart is very entangled. Through this, you can release yourself and talk about literary works from here. It is also a treatment, a good medicine.

After writing it, I feel much better. Life is a process. I always remind myself that life is a process. This is nothing special. There will always be separation in life. Birds will always fly. When they fly, they will always fly. It's gone. We don't know whether it has come or not. My brother and I don't know when we will see each other again. It makes me feel better if I think about it this way.

Very young, in his twenties, he wrote such a poem, and it is a famous one. You see, such a metaphorical way is a great feature of his poetry. You know that if a person is particularly good at using metaphors when writing poetry, it means that he has a good brain, reads a lot, and is good at switching and communicating the nature of different things. He was able to connect these two things together, and his understanding was very high. It is not easy to achieve such a high level of achievement and understanding in his twenties. The same thing seemed to Su Shi just Can become very valuable. This is when you are young.

When he got older, he suffered a lot and was demoted to Huangzhou. Regarding arriving in Huangzhou, we only know that he wrote a lot about "going eastward". In fact, he also wrote some small poems that are particularly good, but people don't know it. It would be particularly interesting if read out. He has a poem, the name is very simple, it is called "Dongpo". How did he write it? He said:

The rain washed the east slope and the moonlight was clear, and all the people in the city were walking in the wild.

Don’t be afraid of the rough road, the sound of self-love is loud and clear.

—— Su Shi's "Dongpo"

Very well written. Let me tell you why it is good: Dongpo, in fact, it is called Dongpo, which is a nicer name. It is the land where he planted it. Didn't he also grow some barley? This is written about a heavy rain that washes the east slope at night. After the heavy rain, the moon on the east slope looks particularly beautiful, refined, fresh and lovely. The following sentence is very important, "The people of the city are walking like the wild people." The people of the city are the city of the citizens. What do you mean by the people of the city? They are the vulgar people who come and go in the secular world. During the day, vegetable sellers, soy sauce makers, and salesmen were all walking along this road. But tonight, they all stopped and there was no one else on the road except a "savage." It’s me, the mountain person, I, the Dongpo layman, I’m here, this Dongpo is mine tonight, that’s what it means, “the city people go as wild people do.”

So what’s the difference between what you do and what others do? Don't forget, the road condition on Dongpo is not good. "Nao Que Potou Road", what is "Nao Que"? There are just a lot of rocks, winding and bumpy, making it difficult to walk anyway. "Don't be afraid of the bad road on the east slope." Don't complain that the road in Dongpo is not easy to walk. Who would complain? Those who walked during the day, those who sold goods, and made soy sauce, felt that this road should be repaired. It would be great to pave an asphalt road, but it was so difficult to walk on this road. The savages are here tonight. It feels different. Don’t think the road is rugged. What you want is ruggedness. Why? "The sonorous sound of self-love dragging the cane", I walked on this road with a cane, and listening to the sound of the cane colliding with the stones, I felt it was particularly pleasant. Self-love, I love this mouthful, I love this little sentiment, "Self-love makes the sound of a stick."

Think about it, what kind of state of mind is this? On such a night after a heavy rain, the moon hung so beautifully in the sky, there was no one, and there was no noise. A person was walking on the rugged path, and his cane made a light sound when it hit the stones, as if music was playing in the sky. Just like Su Shi, I walked slowly on this path in the process of enjoying myself. Isn't this "Nao Que Potou Road" equivalent to some hardships in life? But these hardships are nothing to Su Shi. These hardships are like your fingers touching the strings or pressing the keys. You have to have friction, right? After this friction, most people think it is noise, but in Su Shi's opinion, it is beautiful music accompanying him, and this is his state of mind. The most wonderful thing happened on the "Don't miss Nao Que Potou Road". You may not think that this road is difficult to walk, but it has its own merits. This poem is well written.

Voice-over:

The ancients said: Poems express aspirations, and songs express words. Compared with the heroism of "Going to the East" and the lingering love of "Thousands of Miles Away", Su Shi used words to express his feelings, but he used poems more to express his ambitions. What he talked about the most was his thoughts on the ups and downs of life. Feeling. Although Su Shi became famous at a young age, his official career was bumpy, and he was repeatedly frustrated in the whirlpool of officialdom. In his later years, he was demoted again and again, and finally died on his way back to the north after Song Huizong's amnesty. Unfulfilled ambitions throughout his life, and hard work all the way, made Su Shi continue to pursue his soul in poetry.

Kang Zhen:

He has written many similar poems. Wasn't Su Shi demoted to Hainan? If you want to be demoted to Hainan Island in your sixties, this is a very miserable thing, but Su Shi survived. What does it mean to survive? There are several different explanations for this. For example, we all know that he was demoted to Huangzhou when he was in his forties, to Huizhou when he was almost sixty, and to Huizhou after he was sixty. Hainan Island. That would be too miserable. I basically spent the rest of my life in relegation. Even if I saved my life and came back, when I was in Huangzhou, I came back to Huizhou and Hainan Island. In the end, Song Zhezong passed away. After Huizong ascended the throne, he was granted amnesty and allowed to return to the Central Plains.

But for a person who has been severely hurt, even if he is brought back now, he is still scarred and worried. It is impossible for him to change his state of mind immediately. How can it be so easy? It's not that easy. It's hard to recover from a broken heart. The biggest difference between Su Shi and us is that he didn't regard it as an injury. The old man took it lightly. On the evening of June 20th, he boarded a boat to return north from Chengmai, Hainan Island, and wrote a poem, which was super awesome:

Participate in the Hengdou and turn to the third watch, and the bitter rain will finally be relieved by the wind clear.

Who embellishes the scattered clouds and the bright moon, making the sky and sea clear in color.

When I was free, Lu Sou took advantage of his thoughts and had a rough idea of ??the music played by Xuanyuan.

I don’t hate the nine deaths in the Southern Wilderness. I am here to travel through the wonders of my life.

——Su Shi's "Crossing the Sea on the Night of June 20th"

Crossing the sea at night, as we say, crossing the sea in "black and black" means crossing the sea in "black and black" Cross the sea. "The third watch of the night", the stars are moving, and it's almost dawn in the blink of an eye. What is actually happening? It was still late at midnight, and it was already in the early morning. ?

"The bitter rain will eventually clear up." It was just when there was a big storm and heavy rain. Now I look at it, and the sky is slowly brightening. Walking on the sea, there was strong wind and heavy rain, but the author just said, "The bitter rain will eventually clear up when the wind clears up." After a while, the sky cleared up.

Things will be different after it clears up. What’s wrong? "Who embellishes the scattered clouds and the bright moon, making the sky and the sea clear." This sentence is very interesting. What does it mean? It is said that now the clouds have dispersed and the moon has come out. For the sky and the sea, it was originally clean without any debris. Now the wind has passed and the rain has passed, and it has returned to its original appearance. An allusion is used here. It says that during the Wei and Jin Dynasties, a man named Xie Chong and a man named Sima Daozi were together. They drank tea together at night. While drinking tea, they looked at the moon. At the beginning, there were still clouds. Later, the clouds dispersed, revealing the bright moon, a bright moon. Xie Chong told Sima (Daozi) that the sky was too bright and clean. It would be very beautiful if there were some floating clouds. This Sima (Daozi) told him that you have a mental problem. The sky is originally clear, so why are you decorating it randomly? Isn’t it wonderful that we are looking at this moonlit day and moonlit night now? Is it very clean? Why do you have to add some clouds to it? It shows that your heart is not clean. What does Su Shi mean by this? As I said just now, the clouds dispersed, the moon came out, my true colors came out, my natural true colors came out, I was originally innocent, I was upright, that was my true nature. No matter how many clouds you have, no matter how much rain you have, or how much wind you have, they can never cover my true face. Some people explained that this was because he was complaining, saying that my injustice had been clarified. In fact, I don't think Su Shi has such a big complaint. Regarding the change of weather this night, Su Shi used it to talk about the weather and said that he had come back in an upright manner. That is, if you have a dirty mind, you cannot face the world healthily.

It says at the bottom, "In my free time, Lu Sou took advantage of his ideas and got a rough idea of ??the music played by Xuanyuan." An allusion is used here. Confucius once said that if his Tao could not be realized, he would go overseas by boat. He used Confucius' words to say that he had been living overseas during this period. This is an excess.

The last two sentences are the most amazing, "I don't hate the nine deaths in the southern wasteland. I am here to travel to the wonders of my life." I came to the south. This is not only talking about Hainan, but also talking about the whole life since I was demoted to Huizhou. From the time I was demoted to Hainan, for a total of six years, I spent the entire six years in this southern wilderness. What if I die here? It turns out that as we said before, some of his friends were worried that he would die here. I'm not dead, but if I die here, will I regret it? I don't regret it at all, and I don't hate it either. why? Let me tell you how I see myself. I have "traveled most wonderfully in my life." I came to the south and saw extraordinary landscapes that I have never seen before. I came to travel.

At this point, we feel that Su Shi’s poems are really his panacea. I’m wondering why he writes such good poems? Why is his poem called Youqiqu? First of all, his life is unusual. For a person who has experienced ups and downs and hardships in the officialdom since he was a child, and in his later years, especially in his middle and later years, he was demoted many times. Life first provided him with the "Niao Que Potou" road". No one wants to live a hard life, and everyone likes to live a peaceful life, but if conditions do not allow it, how do you look at this problem? Su Shi wrote poems. In the poems, he wrote out all these difficulties, but he also showed different attitudes towards difficulties. What are sufferings and difficulties to me? To me it seems like the sound of music produced by the strings touched by my fingers.

I cannot see the truth of the world, but I can ponder it. I wrote "I don't know the true face of Mount Lu, just because I am in this mountain." He was not only pondering the value and meaning of human existence, he said , like a bird, coming and going without a trace, he has seen and seen through, he is just a passerby. But even though I am a passer-by, I still have to cherish the true feelings and the present moment. You can't say that because I am a passer-by, I don't value or care about anything. wrong. Su Shi still attaches great importance to every difficulty. He has to work hard to turn this difficulty into his happiness, so that he can have space and time, and have the strength to prepare for the next difficulty.

A person may be knocked down by difficulties one punch at a time, and that's it, but what should it be? Whenever a punch comes, you should face it bravely.

You see, Lushan's poems express his profound understanding of life, and Feiniao's poems express his understanding of the life process. Later, "Nao Que Potou" "The Road" wrote about what difficulties meant to him, and at the end he told the truth. He wanted me to die and enter a desperate situation. I'm sorry. I also have my own views and opinions on this. As a person When facing all kinds of imbalances and setbacks in life, just regard it as a journey in this world, what else can you do to me? Therefore, the phrase "put yourself to death before living" is very appropriate for Su Shi. How do you deal with yourself after you enter a desperate situation? We all know that Su Shi was prosperous, proud, and arrogant. In these situations, it is easy to understand and accept this reality. The most difficult reality to accept is when everything ends, when everything may end, you How to view yourself.

For Su Shi, since life is a process, then it has no beginning and no end. It can go on forever. Even if life ends and cannot go on, these poems can still represent him going on. . I think this is that Su Shi's poems have always played an ever-lasting role in his life. When he was alive, these poems accompanied his life, his taste, his personality, and served him well. After Su Shi's death, these poems continued to represent Su Shi walking in the world, and gave many people of our descendants more courage to live.

So we say that poetry is like its people, and literature is like its people. When we talk about the eight great masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties, what is a very important contribution of the eight great masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties? It's prose. Su Shi not only wrote good poems, but his articles were even more remarkable. Together with his teacher Ouyang Xiu, he was also known as "Ou Su". As the saying goes, "Owen is like the tide, Su Shi is like the sea." If you want to fully understand Su Shi's literary achievements, you have to read his articles. This is what we will talk about next time. Thanks.

Voice-over (preview):

Su Shi was a versatile talent in the literary world of the Northern Song Dynasty. He was proficient in poetry, music, poetry, calligraphy and painting. When he was demoted to Huangzhou, Hubei Province, Su Shi wrote this poem on the bank of the Yangtze River. "Red Cliff Ode" before and after the eternal famous works, independent from the world, transcendent and broad-minded, brewing the clear spring of life in the withered place, the thirteenth episode of "Su Shi of the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties" "The sound of nature resounds through the ages".