Comprehensive information on virtual technology

In computer science, virtualization technology is a method of combining or partitioning existing computer resources (CPU, memory, disk space, etc.) to make these resources appear as one or more operating environments. This provides a technology that provides access methods that are superior to the original resource configuration. Virtualization is to transform physical resources into logically manageable resources to break down the barriers between physical structures. In the future, all resources will be transparent, virtual worlds will run on various physical platforms, resource management will be carried out in a logical manner, and automatic allocation of resources will be fully realized, and virtualization technology is the ideal tool to realize it. . A virtualized environment requires the coordination and cooperation of multiple technologies: virtualization of servers and operating systems, storage virtualization, as well as system management, resource management and software submission, and an application environment consistent with non-virtualized environments. Because of virtualization, enterprises no longer need to build expensive data centers to achieve off-site backup. This is extremely attractive to users. Basic introduction Chinese name: Virtual technology Foreign name: Virtualization introduction, virtual instrument, virtual display, virtual machine, CPU, file, desktop, technology classification, hardware mode, operating mode, para-virtual technology, disadvantages, advantages, application, technology development ,Business, medical industry, entertainment industry, urban planning, education field, military field, Introduction Virtual reality technology is a virtual reality technology developed on the basis of computer graphics, computer simulation technology, human-computer interface technology, multimedia technology and sensing technology. Technology is an interdisciplinary subject, and research on this technology began in the 1960s. It was not until the early 1990s that virtual reality technology began to receive great attention as a relatively complete system. Virtual reality is a new way for people to visually operate and interact with complex data through computers. Compared with traditional human-computer interfaces and popular window operations, virtual reality has made a qualitative leap in technical thinking. "Reality" in virtual reality generally refers to any thing or environment that exists in the world in a physical or functional sense. It can be actually achievable, or it can be actually difficult to realize or impossible to realize at all. . And "virtual" means computer-generated. Therefore, virtual reality refers to a special environment generated by computers. People can "project" themselves into this environment by using various special devices, and operate and control the environment to achieve special purposes. That is, people are this environment. of domination. The essence of virtual reality is the communication technology between humans and computers. It can support almost any human activity and is applicable to any field. Virtual Instrument National Instruments - the founder of virtual instrument In the past thirty years, NI has brought an innovation to the field of test measurement and automation through virtual instrument technology: virtual instrument technology combines ready-to-use commercial technology with innovative software and hardware. Integrated with the integrated platform, it provides a unique solution for embedded design, industrial control, and test and measurement. Using virtual instrument technology, engineers can use graphical development software to easily and efficiently create fully customized solutions to meet flexible and changing demand trends - completely different from traditional instruments that are specialized and have only fixed functions. Today, 85% of manufacturing companies in the Fortune 500 have chosen virtual instrument technology, which has greatly reduced the size of automated test equipment (ATE) and increased work efficiency by as much as ten times, while costing only traditional instrument solutions. a small part of. At the same time, virtual instrument technology itself is also constantly developing and innovating. Because it is based on commercially available technologies, the booming emerging technologies have also become new driving forces for the development of virtual instrument technology. The purpose of building a virtual reality system by True and False Virtual Display is to develop virtual reality applications. Therefore, any complete virtual reality system needs a fully functional virtual reality application development platform, which generally includes two parts. One is the hardware development platform, which is a high-performance image generation and processing system, usually a high-performance graphics computer or virtual reality workstation; the other is the software development platform, which is an application object-oriented virtual reality application software development platform. Among them, the application object-oriented virtual reality application software development platform is the most important. It is responsible for the creation of three-dimensional graphics scene drivers and the secondary development of application functions in the virtual reality application development process. It is a high-level API for virtual reality application development. It is also the basic platform for connecting VR peripherals, establishing mathematical models and applying databases. Without it, it is impossible to develop fully functional virtual reality applications. Therefore, the development platform is the core part of the entire virtual reality system. It is responsible for the development, calculation, and generation of the entire VR scene. It is the most basic physical platform of the entire virtual reality system. It also connects and coordinates the work of other subsystems of the entire system. and operation, together with them, they form a complete virtual reality system. Therefore, the virtual reality system development platform part is indispensable and crucial in any virtual reality system. Virtual reality display system.

The virtual three-dimensional projection display system is the most important 3D/VR graphics display and output system in the entire virtual reality system. Its core part is a stereoscopic version of high-brightness projectors and related components. It combines high-resolution 3D/VR scenes generated by VR workstations with It is displayed in the form of large-scale stereoscopic projection, allowing the three-dimensional virtual world to be interacted to appear in front of the participants' eyes with a high degree of fidelity, thus providing VR users with an immersive virtual reality environment for group participation, collective viewing, and a high sense of presence. Combined with necessary virtual peripherals (such as data gloves, 6-degree-of-freedom position tracking systems or other interactive devices), participants can interact and manipulate freely from different angles and directions to achieve real-time interaction and real-time roaming in the three-dimensional virtual world. . In virtual reality application systems, there are usually a variety of display systems or devices, such as: large-screen monitors, helmet-mounted displays, stereoscopic displays and virtual three-dimensional projection display systems. The virtual three-dimensional projection display system is currently the most widely used system. Because virtual reality technology requires the application system to be immersive, and among all these display systems or devices, the virtual three-dimensional projection display system is the system that can best meet this functional requirement. Therefore, this system is also the most popular among professional simulation users. welcome. The virtual three-dimensional projection display system is a commonly used means and method for realizing virtual reality and visual simulation in the world today. It is also the most typical, most practical and highest-level investment-based virtual reality display system. The high sense of presence and high participation in the highly realistic three-dimensional virtual world ultimately enable participants to truly realize information exchange and realistic conception with the virtual space. It is very suitable for military simulation training, CAD/CAM (virtual manufacturing, virtual assembly), architectural design and urban planning, virtual biomedical engineering, scientific visualization, teaching demonstration and many other fields... Virtual reality interactive system, 6 degrees of freedom real-time interaction It is one of the most essential characteristics and requirements of virtual reality technology, and it is also the essence of virtual reality technology. Without real-time interaction, virtual reality applications will lose the value and significance of their existence. This is also the most fundamental difference between virtual reality technology and three-dimensional animation and multimedia applications. difference. In virtual reality interactive applications, some special virtual peripherals are usually used for specific applications. They are mainly 6-degree-of-freedom virtual interactive systems, such as: force or tactile feedback systems, data gloves, position trackers or 6-degree-of-freedom space slides. mouse, joystick, etc. Virtual Technology Virtual Machine Virtual machine technology is the cutting-edge technology in the international anti-virus field. This technology is closer to manual analysis, is extremely intelligent, and has extremely high accuracy in virus detection. First, let's describe the work of a virus analyst: when we get a sample, we don't dare to run it directly, because it may be poisonous, and it is most likely an unknown new virus that no one can kill. To analyze it, what we have to do is track its execution and see if it has infection modules, if it has destructive modules. If a sample contains a module for infection, we will indisputably identify it as a virus; if it also contains a destructive module, we will classify it as a malignant virus. Some viruses are malicious and academic and do not damage the system. However, this is just like wearing a pair of shoes that are soaked in water. There will be no major problems with your feet, but you will still feel uncomfortable in your heart. This involves an important issue, an important issue in determining whether a sample is a virus: infectivity. We can imagine that if a program can be used to determine whether a "sample" is contagious, it will solve an important problem in the anti-virus field, "early warning." Traditional programmers would use the DOS DEBUG program to analyze viruses. Nowadays, more and more people choose software with more powerful functions such as SOFT-ICE. But after all, the core of this type of dynamic debugging software is to single-step trace and execute each statement of the debugged program. In fact, a more specific approach can be as follows: use program code to virtualize a CPU, also virtualize each register of the CPU, and even virtualize the hardware connection port, and use the debugging program to adjust the transferred " Sample", put each statement into a virtual environment for execution, so that we can understand the execution of the program through changes in memory, temporary registers, and connection ports. Such a virtual environment is a virtual machine. Future virtual reality technology will draw lessons from virtual machine technology at the bottom level of the system. Since any dynamics of the program can be reflected in the virtual machine, if the virus is executed in the virtual machine, the virus's infection actions will definitely be reflected. If so, the probability of detecting unknown viruses will be 100%! Nowadays, some anti-virus software selects the first few K bytes of the sample code segment for virtual execution, and its detection probability is as high as about 95%. Virtual machines are used to detect known viruses even more quickly, and the false positive rate can be reduced to less than one thousandth point! This technology was considered a cutting-edge technology in the international anti-virus field in 1997, and many people are still studying and improving it. Because its future may be a huge artificial intelligence anti-virus robot used on the Internet. Of course, it is also a soft robot. Looking at the confusing CPU, CPU virtualization technology is a hardware solution. The CPU that supports virtual technology has a specially optimized instruction set to control the virtual process. Through these instruction sets, VMM (Virtual Machine Monitor, virtual machine monitor) It will be easy to improve performance, and compared to software virtual implementation, performance will be greatly improved.

Virtualization technology provides chip-based functionality that can improve software-only solutions with VMM-compatible software. Since virtualized hardware can provide a new architecture and support operating systems to run directly on it, there is no need for binary conversion, reducing related performance overhead, greatly simplifying VMM design, and thus enabling VMM to be written according to common standards, improving performance More powerful. In addition, in pure software VMM, there is currently a lack of support for 64-bit guest operating systems. With the continuous popularity of 64-bit processors, this serious shortcoming has become increasingly prominent. In addition to supporting a wide range of traditional operating systems, CPU virtualization technology also supports 64-bit guest operating systems. Virtual Temptation File File Virtualization (FileVirtualization) creates an abstraction layer between file servers and clients that access these file servers. Once applied, the file virtualization layer manages files and file systems across servers, allowing administrators to provide clients with a single logical file mount for all servers. This server continues to host file data and metadata. Although this arrangement may unnecessarily increase IT overhead, file virtualization provides some key advantages, including a global namespace for indexing files on network file servers. Additionally, this virtual file storage consolidation allows shared access to storage capacity between file servers. Data migration between file servers is transparent to end users and applications. This is ideal in a hierarchical storage infrastructure. Simply put, file virtualization allows enterprises to access isolated storage capacity on network file servers and perform seamless file migrations thereon. Virtual Machine File virtualization can be deployed as an appliance or as an off-the-shelf server running file virtualization software. This choice is essentially based on cost and the associated level of management and disruption. The most common deployment option is an appliance. This device comes in four different architectures: out-of-band, in-band, a combination of the two, and split-path. And for all archives virtualization deployments are successful in the long run. Some organizations may roll back (withdraw) their deployments. This is a very destructive process for file servers and network-attached storage platforms. In extreme cases, rollback may require organizations to unmount data, remove the archive virtualization layer, and then reformat and reload all data. Dealers can often help identify potential return issues and provide suggestions for mitigating the damage. Users often test their returned programs before general deployment. Archive virtualization is limited by scalability. Scalability includes file system, file, server, or input/output performance. The archive virtualization platform must also be compatible with current infrastructure. This way, it can work with existing storage systems and switches. To prevent potential problems, archive virtualization platforms should undergo frequent and appropriate scalability and compatibility testing. Desktop Desktop virtualization can generate a new virtual image of an existing operating system, which has exactly the same functions as a real Windows system. After entering the virtual system, all operations are performed in this new independent virtual system. You can install and run software independently, save data, and have your own independent desktop. There will be no impact on the real system. Nor will the software and data in the virtual system be affected by problems with the real system. Foreign products mainly include MOJOPAC, which can turn your iPod, external hard drive, USB flash drive, or other luxury storage hardware into a "private portable PC" software. MojoPac can stuff your XP desktop, settings, accounts, and even programs and habit settings into a portable storage device. You can take your various private data and habit settings to work freely on different machines, making it truly instant. Plug and play. The main domestic product is prayaya v3, which can install a large number of applications on any non-windows system partition including mobile storage. When you are still worried about not having the software you want to use every time you use other computers, V3 has already Solve your problem! We can install our commonly used software in the mobile storage equipped with V3. In the future, whether you are in the company or on a business trip, as long as you bring a flash drive or mobile hard drive installed with V3, you can plug and play, and all All operation records are retained on the mobile storage and will not leave any traces on the host. Technology classification mainstream virtual technology, mainstream x86 virtual machine technology mainly includes the following categories: Hardware model The virtual hardware model establishes an abstract virtualization platform between computers, storage and network hardware, allowing all hardware to be Unified into one virtualization layer. Today, typical products of this type of virtual machines include Vmware's Workstation, GSX Server, ESX Server and Microsoft's Virtual PC, Virtual Server and Parallels Workstation. Features of virtual hardware mode: The Intel x86 platform is virtualized and multiple operating systems and applications can be run simultaneously. By using the virtualization layer, hardware-level virtualization is provided, that is, the virtual machine provides a complete set of virtual Intel x86-compatible hardware for the operating system image running on the virtual machine.

This set of virtual hardware virtualizes all the equipment owned by a real server: motherboard chip, CPU, memory, SCSI and IDE disk devices, various interfaces, displays and other input and output devices. Moreover, each virtual machine can be independently packaged into an archive, allowing flexible migration of virtual machines. Operation mode The virtual operating system model creates a virtual layer based on the host operating system running the virtual machine for the operating system of the virtual machine host. On top of this virtual layer, multiple isolated virtual private servers (VPS) can be created. These VPS can share hardware, software licenses and management resources with maximum efficiency. To its users and applications, each VPS platform operates and is managed exactly like a standalone host, as each VPS can be restarted independently and has its own root access permissions, users, IP addresses, Memory, procedures, files, applications, system libraries, and configuration files. For production servers running multiple applications and holding real data, virtual operating system virtual machines can reduce costs and improve system efficiency. Today, swsoft's virtuozzo is a mature product in this field. Virtualization Technology Paravirtualization Technology In the ever-increasing list of virtualization technologies, Xen is one of the most eye-catching technologies in recent times. Developed as a research project at the University of Cambridge, Xen has gained significant momentum within the open source community. Xen is a paravirtualizing VMM (Virtual Machine Monitor), which means that in order to call the system management program, the operating system must be selectively modified, but there is no need to modify the applications running on the operating system. program. Xen is a special virtual hardware virtual machine that has most of the features of a virtual hardware virtual machine. The biggest difference is that Xen requires modifications to the operating system core. Today, Xen only supports Linux virtual machines implemented on top of Linux systems. However, its new version will support Intel's hardware virtualization technology Intel-VT, a key technology that can be used to solve Xen's difficulties in virtualizing Windows systems. VMware is still the leader in virtualization technology, and it still has a clear advantage over XenSource in terms of product maturity. However, many people in the industry believe that Xen will become stronger and stronger due to open source. Today, open source giants Red Hat and Novell have begun to integrate this technology into their Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 systems and Novell and SuSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 systems. Disadvantages High cost Hardware cost is high. Operation and maintenance costs are high, including data center space, cabinets, network cables, power consumption, air conditioning and labor costs, etc. Poor compatibility: Migrating systems and applications to new hardware requires systems that are compatible with the old system. Availability Availability is low because each server is a standalone server, and the cost is higher if they are configured in dual-server mode. System maintenance and upgrades or expansions require downtime, causing application interruption. Lack of manageability: Too many are difficult to manage. The deployment of new servers and applications takes a long time, which greatly reduces server rebuilding and application loading times. Hardware maintenance requires days/weeks of change management preparation and hours of maintenance windows. Benefits In a virtualized architecture, users can treat resources as their own, while administrators can manage and optimize the entire resource enterprise-wide. VMware's virtual architecture can reduce enterprise IT costs by increasing efficiency, flexibility and responsiveness. Managing a virtual infrastructure allows IT departments to connect and manage resources faster to meet business needs. Its advantages mainly include the following aspects: TCO savings: Reduce software and hardware costs by 40% by consolidating multiple physical servers into one physical server. Integration ratio: 10-15:1 for production environment, 15-20:1 for development and testing environment; average utilization of each server increases from 5%-15% to 60%-80%; reduces operating costs by 70-80%, Including data center space, cabinets, network cables, power consumption, air conditioning and labor costs. Improve service levels Help your enterprise establish the relationship between business and IT resources so that IT and business priorities correspond. Manage all servers as one large resource and automatically allocate dynamic resources as needed. Non-disruptive on-demand capacity expansion. Improve operational efficiency. Deployment time is from hours to minutes. Server reconstruction and application loading time are from 20-40 hrs => 15-30 minutes, saving 10,000 people/hour (300 servers) every year. Where hardware maintenance previously required days/weeks of change management preparation and 1-3 hour maintenance windows, zero-downtime hardware maintenance and upgrades are now possible.

Virtual technology has been used to train astronauts since the 1970s. Because this is a cost-effective, safe and effective training method, it has now been promoted to training in all walks of life. Nowadays, virtual reality has been promoted to different fields and widely used. Virtual reality allows users to interact with objects in a three-dimensional space generated by a computer. In addition to viewing, they can also freely manipulate objects in the space according to the user's will, thus creating a considerable sense of integration and participation. Virtual technology is now used in many fields such as technology, business, medical care, and entertainment. The development of the American Boeing 747 is a typical example of applying virtual technology. Science and technology development, for example, in science and technology museums, using virtual reality technology, we can truly reproduce the surface conditions of alien planets and demonstrate their structures and motion processes; we can also go deep into the interior of celestial bodies and display the internal conditions of celestial bodies through simulated images. The internal structure of the sun is difficult to display through other means, but through virtual reality technology, it can be displayed realistically. Another example is in experimental education. Only when the public conducts hands-on exploration and practice, cultivates creative thinking through practice, and spreads scientific ideas and scientific methods can the purpose of experimental education be better achieved. In the past, due to the various hardware and software conditions of science and technology museums, this was often the most difficult or costly to achieve. The virtual experiments conducted by virtual reality technology can not only produce visual effects, but also process real-time interactive graphics, with sounds and touches other than graphics. The public can fully perceive information in the virtual world and make choices or corresponding actions by operating sensing devices using three-dimensional helmets, data suits and data gloves or three-dimensional mice. And to switch between different experiments, just enter different treatment plans. No need to replace a lot of external components. Business Virtual technology is often used for sales promotion. For example, when bidding for a construction project, the design plan can be expressed using virtual reality technology, and the owner can be taken into the future building to visit, such as the height of the door, the orientation of the windows, the amount of lighting, and the interior decoration, etc., so that the owner can empathize with it. It can also be used for tourist attractions and merchandising with many functions and uses. Because using virtual reality technology to show the charm of such products is more attractive than using text or pictures alone to promote them. Medical industry The application of virtual technology to the medical industry generally has several directions. 1. Surgical training: Future surgeons need to undergo a lot of detailed training before they actually go to the operating table. The virtual reality system can provide an ideal training platform. Trained doctors observe high-resolution three-dimensional human body images and simulate touch through the tactile workbench, allowing the trainees to feel the pressure of the instruments when cutting tissue, making the operation feel more familiar to the surgeon. Just like operating on a real human body. It will not put the patient's life in danger, and can reproduce high-risk, low-probability surgical cases, allowing training subjects to practice repeatedly. 2. Surgical rehearsal virtual reality technology can use the actual data of the patient to generate virtual images and establish a simulation environment in the computer. The doctor uses the information in the virtual environment to conduct surgical rehearsal and formulate a reasonable and quantitative surgical plan, which is important for selecting the best operation. It is of great significance to reduce surgical damage, reduce damage to adjacent tissues, improve tumor positioning accuracy, perform complex surgical operations and improve surgical success rate. 3. Clinical diagnosis: Pure software medical virtual reality developed using three-dimensional reconstruction technology has developed many virtual endoscope software, which can allow the doctor's line of sight to freely navigate within the patient's body and even capillaries. This dynamic reality display is extremely valuable for clinical diagnosis. Entertainment Industry The entertainment industry is the broadest use of virtual technology. A ski simulator sold in the UK. The user wears ski clothes, rides on skis, holds ski poles, has a helmet display on his head, and has sensors on his hands and feet. Although in the cabin, as long as you are doing various skiing movements, you can see snow-covered mountains, canyons, and cliffs passing by through the helmet-mounted display. The scene is just like skiing. It feels like real skiing in the field. Virtual reality technology not only creates virtual scenes, but also virtual hosts, virtual singers, and virtual actors. DiKi, a singer launched by Japanese TV, not only has a charming singing voice but also has a graceful style, attracting countless fans. Many star-chasers want to see her face in person, forcing the TV station to explain that she is just a virtual singer. The American Disney Company is also preparing to launch virtual actors. This will keep the "actor's" artistic youth and vitality forever. The sky-high salaries of celebrities are another reason for the use of virtual actors. After virtual actors become the protagonists of movies, movies will become a branch of the software industry. Various software companies will develop countless virtual actor software for people to choose from. Of course, in terms of humor and human touch, virtual actors will not be able to compare with real actors for a long time or even forever, but they can indeed become excellent actors. Not long ago, the heroine in the computer-produced game show "Tomb Raider" was selected as a world-renowned figure, indicating that the era of virtual actors is coming.

Urban planning Urban planning has always been one of the fields with the most urgent need for new visualization technology. Virtual reality technology can be widely used in all aspects of urban planning and brings tangible and considerable benefits: immersion in virtual reality systems to display planning solutions The sense and interactivity can not only bring a strong and realistic sensory impact to users and obtain an immersive experience, but also obtain project data at any time in a real-time virtual environment through its data interface, which facilitates the development of large and complex engineering projects. Planning, design, bidding, approval, and management are conducive to design and management personnel to assist in the design and review of various planning and design plans. Avoid design risks. The virtual environment established by virtual reality is composed of digital models based on real data. It strictly follows the standards and requirements of engineering project design to create realistic three-dimensional scenes and truly "reproduce" the planning project. Education field With the development of virtual technology and the continuous improvement of education and teaching requirements, virtual technology has also begun to enter the education field and will become a development trend in the future. For example, some Internet companies have now developed an "Online Simulation Experience Center for Disaster Prevention and Reduction", which uses games to allow users (players) to learn the knowledge of disaster prevention and reduction while having fun. This online experience center has set up "after an electric shock" Questions such as "How to save yourself?" and "How to save yourself and escape from an earthquake?" have improved the effectiveness of safety education. In the future, virtual technology will enter the education field more deeply and comprehensively. Enable people to learn survival and development skills in virtual reality. Virtual technology will also use realistic effects to virtualize all aspects of the education scene, making education more intuitive and more effective. Disaster Prevention and Reduction Online Simulation Experience Hall In the military field, the United States, Russia and other countries are now using virtual online games to train their troops. This allows recruits to be exposed to simulated real scenes in daily game training, allowing recruits to quickly master new weapons. With the improvement of military technology, virtual technology will play a greater role in the military field. According to US media reports, the US military has hired a large number of industry experts and masters from famous computer game companies such as "Red Storm Entertainment", "Interactive Magic" and "Timeline" to develop computer games for personnel training for the army and relevant government departments. , and applied to military training. Since the launch of the "U.S. Army" game, the U.S. Department of Defense has conducted an investigation into the training of recruits in the 4th Infantry Division, the first digital division. As a result, about 40% of the recruits became proficient in complex digital main battle equipment in just two months. When asked why, the recruits replied: operating these weapons and equipment is similar to the games they played before joining the army.