Relics and attractions in Shuzhou

Xuejiagang Site

Xuejiagang Ancient Cultural Site, also known as Xuejiaggang Neolithic Cultural Site, has a history of five or six thousand years and is located in Hezhen Township, 7.5 kilometers south of Qianshan County. The junction of Lihua Village and Shuigang Village. More than 1,000 ancient cultural relics have been unearthed here for viewing and viewing. It is a rare and ideal place for studying the late Neolithic culture of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

The site is located on the edge of the Qian River, 3-7 meters above the nearby farmland. It is an oval platform with a total area of ??more than 60,000 square meters. In the more than 1,000 square meters of square pond that has been excavated, people can see five natural layers in the soil structure. The first layer is the cultivated soil layer, the second layer is the Tang and Song cultural layer, the third layer is the Yin and Shang cultural layer, and the fourth and fifth layers are the Neolithic cultural layer. Judging from the changes in the laminated relationship between the four and five layers and the combination of funerary objects, it can be seen that the Qianshan people in the Neolithic Period have broken away from the wandering life of the primitive people, gradually moved toward settlement, and created quite advanced living and production tools.

Surrounded by water on three sides and backed by mountains on one side, settling here is not only convenient for drinking water, farming, and breeding, but also easy to go up the mountain to avoid disasters. This settlement with a unique environment was named "Xuejiagang Culture" by the Institute of Archeology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and was designated as a provincial key cultural relic protection unit by the Anhui Provincial Government. It provides precious information for our country to study the living and production activities of humans in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the Neolithic Age. In addition, a new ancient cultural site was discovered in Tianning Village in Shuzhou (Qianshan County). The unearthed cultural relics prove that another clan settled in Qianshan five to six thousand years ago. .

Judging from the more than a thousand stone tools, pottery, jade and other cultural relics that have been unearthed, most of the stone tools have been finely ground and have very sharp edges. There is a stone set, which is so shiny that you can see the silhouette of people. In particular, the stone knives have odd numbers of holes, such as one, three, five, seven, and nine, which are rare in China. Stone tools include basins, bowls, pots, cups, etc., most of which were daily necessities for the people at that time. The pottery is particularly exquisite, with two types: clay and sand. The surface is plain and polished, and a few have string patterns, carved patterns, acupuncture patterns, piled patterns, etc. Belly-folded pots, cock-comb-eared hand bowls, etc., are in various forms and are extremely finely made.

In these pottery, there are dozens of balls. The small ones have pills in the hollows and make a tinkling sound when shaken. The big balls have fourteen symmetrical round holes and seven small pills inside. Shake with sound. These precious pottery tell people that the early Qianshan people had mastered high pottery making skills. Most of the jades unearthed are decorations. There are exquisite and clear jade rings, jade tubes, jade harems, etc. Among these colorful utensils, the red flower and fruit patterns on the perforated stone knives are the most representative. It has rigorous composition, well-proportioned lines and graceful layout. It is a unique artifact of the Xuegang clan.

Many bronzes with characteristics of the Yin and Shang era were unearthed in the third layer, such as arrow sickles, etc., which provide very important physical data for the study of bronze culture and plastic arts in Anhui Province and the north bank of the Yangtze River. There are even more cultural relics from the Tang and Song Dynasties, including bricks, tiles, and bricks from the Tang Dynasty, and many daily necessities such as bottles, bowls, and spindles from the Song Dynasty. This shows that the Qianshan people at this time had a relatively high standard of living. and production skills.

Tianzhu Mountain

Located in Gushu Prefecture (Qianshan County), Tianzhu Mountain is the source of Anhui and one of the first batch of national scenic spots and national 5A tourist areas in China (2011 Approved on May 5, 2011), a national forest park, one of the ten famous mountains in China, and Nanyue (Gu Nanyue), the earliest five mountains in China.

Tianzhu Shandong faces the Yangtze River in the east, Dabie Mountain in the west, and the Yangtze River and Huaihe River. The scenic area covers an area of ??82.46 square kilometers, with beautiful mountains and rivers and numerous historical sites. It is a national-level key scenic spot. Tianzhu Mountain is named after its main peak, which is as majestic and steep as "Optical Pillar". In ancient times, it was called Wan Mountain and Wangong Mountain, and Anhui's abbreviation of Anhui originated from this. According to "Historical Records. Book of Fengchan", in 106 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty visited the south and climbed to Tianzhu, and named it "Nanyue". In 589 AD, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty opened up southern Xinjiang and renamed Hengshan Mountain in Hunan as Nanyue. Tianzhu Mountain is still admired as the ancient Nanyue. The scenery of Tianzhu is both majestic and beautiful, and the forty-five peaks each have their own merits. It is located at the intersection of the southern temperate zone and the northern subtropical zone. It has rich species of flora and fauna. Rare plants include fragrant fruit trees, yews, and heavenly flowers. In particular, patches of pearl boxwood and rhododendron azaleas grow with each other at an altitude of 1,000 meters, forming a special alpine landscape. landscape. Rare animals include spotted civets, lyrebirds, four-tone cuckoos, giant salamanders, etc. There are many cultural relics and historic sites in Tianzhu Mountain.

Valley Temple (Sanzu Temple)

Sanzu Temple, also known as Valley Temple, also known as Qianyuan Temple, is located on Fengxing Mountain at the entrance of the valley 9 kilometers northwest of Shuzhou . Fengxing Mountain, which people used to call Sanzu Mountain since the Tang and Song Dynasties, is the south gate of Tianzhu Mountain, a national key scenic spot. It has a quiet environment and pleasant scenery. Sanzu Mountain has a unique peak, green and green, with winding hills on the east and west sides, winding and extending to the south, surrounding the Sanzu Temple, making the front of the mountain look like a natural valley mouth. The clear and sweet valley spring gurgls from the bottom of the valley on the west side of Sanzu Mountain. It rolls like jade and makes a clear sound. It flows southward through the mouth of the valley and flows into the Qianhe River. The broad submersible river is like a white jade belt, stretching lightly from west to east, tied in front of the mountain. The river is clear and sparkling, reflecting the shadow of the green mountain tower. The water, light and mountain scenery, integrated into one, constitute the unique style of the valley mouth and become an important scene in Tianzhu Mountain's scenic spots.

The Valley Temple was built during the reign of Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty and was the first creation of the eminent monk Baozhi Zen Master.

According to legend: During the Liang Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty, Taoist Baihe and Monk Baozhi both wanted to build a Taoist temple here. Emperor Wu of Liang ordered them to cast magic treasures to identify the place, and the winner would live there. The Taoist released the white crane, and the monk threw his tin staff, and the crane flew in front. When he was about to land, he was startled by the sound of a tin staff flying towards him. He stopped at another place. The tin staff stood prominently at this place, and Baozhi built a temple here. In the second year of Datong (536), Emperor Wu named Xiao Yan the name of Valley Temple. The second ancestor of Buddhism once stayed here. The third ancestor temple in the territory is the ancestral hall of the third ancestor of Zen Buddhism. Zen Master Sencan, the third generation founder of Zen Buddhism in China, passed away here. The body was buried on the hill behind the temple, and later generations also called it Sanzu Temple. The Jueji Pagoda in the temple is commonly known as the Three Ancestors Pagoda. It was built during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. There are hundreds of relics of the Three Ancestors hidden under the tower. In the seventh year of Emperor Daizong’s reign, it was named Jueji. The tower is six feet high, with seven floors and eight sides. It has an exquisite structure and walls. The carved Buddha statue is lifelike. There are stone steps to climb in the north. The outside is hollow and spirals upward. There are four opposite doors on each floor, two virtual and two real, and the virtual and the real are separated. When tourists climb the tower, they are often fascinated by reality and reality.

In the 1,500 years since the temple was built, the Taoist and Buddhist culture here have flourished several times. At its peak, there were "three thousand Taoists and eight hundred monks". Today, a plaque of "Valley Temple" inscribed by Zhao Puchu, a famous contemporary calligrapher, hangs high on the temple door. There are more than 3,600 Buddhist and Taoist temples, and it is now a national key temple open to the outside world.

Shiniu Ancient Cave

Shiniu Ancient Cave is located at the foot of Tianzhu Mountain and in the valley to the west of Sanzu Temple. The valley is full of boulders, gurgling streams, green pines and cypresses, purple peaks and white clouds, and beautiful scenery. beautiful. There is a huge open-air cave in the belly of the valley. In front of the cave is a huge stone, weighing about a hundred tons, which looks like a buffalo lying beside the stream. There are two cliffs connected next to the stone cow. Green vegetation fills the gap between them, forming a structure that is not a cave. The cave door looks like the stone cow returning to the cave from behind, so it is called "Shiniu Ancient Cave". According to the "Qianshan County Chronicle": There are two places with big rocks like cows. One is in the upper reaches. The boulders are like cows lying at the bottom of the stream. They take a bath in the running water, leaving only the abdomen and back. The water flows through its belly and people walk on its ribs. There are two Natural cow hoof prints are embedded near the back. One place is tens of meters downstream. The boulder resembles the whole body of an ox, including its head, back, abdomen and legs. It has clear lines. It is kneeling alone by the stream, as if after drinking a lot of clear spring water, it looks like it is enjoying the beautiful scenery of pines and bamboos and listening. The sound of bells and drums in Sanzu Temple.

According to legend, on a Chinese Valentine's Day a long time ago, the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl met. The Cowherd put the cow on the Milky Way Rock, and he couldn't wait to have a tryst with the Weaver Girl on Tianzhu Mountain. The sacred cow saw that at the foot of the beautiful Tianzhu Mountain, the land was vast and there were few people, and it was very difficult for men, women, old and young to cultivate wasteland. Suddenly, he showed his industrious nature, so he quietly descended to earth and came to Tianzhu Mountain to help people reclaim wasteland and cultivate land. Because the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl were so infatuated with the scenery of Tianzhu Mountain that they couldn't miss Shu for several days. When the Queen Mother found out, she was furious and sent the Heavenly Soldiers and Generals to escort the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl back to heaven. However, the sacred cow was attached to the beauty of the world and did not want to return to heaven, so it escaped into the mountains and forests, sank into a thousand-year-old cave, and turned into a stone cow. The magical, brave and stubborn stone cow has been passed down as a legend through the ages.

Throughout the ages, the lifelike stone cows have amazed tourists from all over the world, and many poems praising the stone cows have been written. Luo Zhuang, a poet of the Ming Dynasty, praised: "The beauty of nature is in the world, and Langyuan Penglai is so precious." Ding Zhu, a poet of the Qing Dynasty, praised Stone Niu as a "first-class immortal" in his poem "The Ancient Cave of Stone Niu": "The ancient cave is a leisurely small cave in the sky. The stone Niu has nothing to do with it. Whoever welcomes the purple air can use the staff, and gold will not be affected by excrement. Whip. I have clean teeth and wash in the water. My heart is free and I only love sleeping in the clouds. I believe that I am the first-class immortal in the haze."

The stone cow has gone through ups and downs for thousands of years. However, what is sad is that during the "Cultural Revolution", the ignorant mountain people regarded the stone cow as a "cow ghost and snake god" and blew off the head of the stone cow, leaving only the mutilated body.

Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, Li Bai, Wang Anshi, Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Li Jianzhi, Liu Zheng, Zhang Tongzhi, etc. have all loved Qianshan landscape. Li Bai expressed his wish in his poem "When I return my elixir to perfection, I will return to this place." Su Dongpo, who served as deputy envoy of regiment training in Shuzhou (today's Qianshan County), wanted to settle in Qianshan. He wrote in a letter to a friend, "I have loved the customs of Shuzhou all my life, and I want to live there as a lifelong plan." Huang Tingjian even regarded himself as a Qianshan native. He especially loved the beauty of Linquan in the ancient Stone Cow Cave. He called himself Taoist of the Valley. He often read on the back of a stone cow and asked Li Gonglin, the first painter of the Song Dynasty, to paint "Sitting Bull in the Yellow Valley" for him. ", carved on the cliff. He built a house in the valley to study, and wrote more than a dozen famous poems praising Qianshan. In the preface to the poem "Inscribed on Qianshan", he wrote affectionately: "Yu's Qianshan is actually a famous mountain and a blessed place." In memory of him, later generations built the "Fu Weng Pavilion" where he studied.

When Huang Tingjian visited Qianshan, the thing that made him linger the most was the "Shiniu Ancient Cave".

Huang Tingjian, who was in a "wonderland", was filled with emotion when facing Shi Cliff, and wrote "Inscribed on the Big Rock in the Valley", "Inscribed on the Stone Niu Cave in the Valley", "Book on the Big Rock in Shiniu River", " "Inscribed on the Green Ox" and many other poems and essays. He expressed his mood at that time in the poem: "The gloom steals the official residence of heaven, and the peaks are indistinguishable from the Emperor Xiao. At six o'clock, I look at the key of the sky, and I am a shepherd in golden flowers. The sheep sleep in the weeds in my world, and all the high-spirited spirits think of me. There is nectar in the stone basin, and the green ox drives me to the valley. "Huang Tingjian, who is intoxicated by the ancient stone cave, has been thinking about it for thousands of years. The pain of life, the hardships of official career, and the fatigue of travel have all been put aside. Shiniu Ancient Cave is the only paradise in his heart that makes him happy. He often rides a green bull and swims in the valleys, forests and springs like a fairy.

The peacock flies southeast to its old land

In the ancient and beautiful land of Shuzhou, many charming legends have been circulated for thousands of years, and touching stories have happened one after another.

More than 1,000 years ago, the story of my country's earliest narrative poem "Peacock Flies Southeast" took place here.

Starting from Shuzhou Prefecture (now Meicheng, Qianshan County, Anhui Province) and walking 4.5 kilometers southeast along the west bank of the Meihe River, we will reach Jiaojiafan, the hometown of Jiao Zhongqing. Jiao Zhongqing was a minor official in Lujiang Mansion during the Jian'an period in the late Han Dynasty. He married Liu Lanzhi, a smart and beautiful civilian girl. The couple had a deep love. Jiao's fierce mother did not tolerate Lanzhi and forced Jiao Zhongqing to divorce Liu Lanzhi under various excuses. Jiao and Liu were forced to separate. When parting, the two vowed to love each other life and death and never marry again. So Lanzhi committed suicide by drowning when her brother forced her to remarry. When Jiao Zhongqing heard the news, he also hanged himself on a tree in the courtyard. Later, the Jiao and Liu families buried the two together in Huashan. Pines, cypresses, and sycamores were planted beside the tombs. The branches among the trees cover each other, and the leaves are connected with each other. There are often mandarin ducks flying down among them, raising their heads and crying to each other, weeping and complaining until the fifth watch. On the Huashang Hill on the east side of today's Xiaoli Gang Old Street, you can see the newly built tomb of Jiao Zhongqing and Liu Lanzhi, which people are accustomed to call the Peacock Tomb.

In today’s Jiaojiafan, there are no traces of the small officials of those days, but from the eloquent stories of some old people, from the Peacock Terrace, Xiaoli Harbor and some folk customs, people still feel strongly that In memory of Jiao and Liu, their names have long been integrated into these mountains and rivers. Although there are no descendants of the Jiao family in Jiaojiafan, the place name of Jiaojiafan has been preserved to this day. Xiaoli Gang is also named after Jiao Zhongqing was a minor official in the government. The Peacock Terrace is a building commemorating Jiao and Liu. In the lower street of today's Xiaoli Port, you can see the ruins of the Peacock Terrace. According to historical records, this Peacock Tower was built in the late Tang Dynasty. It was originally built as an earthen platform but was destroyed during the Cultural Revolution. At its largest scale, there were dozens of houses covering an area of ??more than 100 square meters. The platform has two floors, with brick and wood structure. There are portraits of Jiao Zhongqing and Liu Lanzhi on the inner door of the stage. During New Years and holidays, famous actors from other places often come to perform here, singing "Looking up to each other and singing, every night until the fifth watch" and other dramas about the loyal love of Jiao Zhongqing and Liu Lanzhi. In the customs of Jiao and Liu's hometown, people call the evil mother-in-law who tortures her daughter-in-law "Jiao Bacha", and the daughter-in-law who suffers is called "Kuzhizi".

"The peacock flies southeast and lingers for five miles." This ancient love tragedy has touched countless readers for thousands of years. This sad and beautiful story has been adapted into various scripts such as Yue Opera, Tanqiang Opera, and Huangmei Opera, and is deeply loved by everyone. I recall how prosperous Qianshan was back then. The county seat is the seat of Lujiang Prefecture and Wan County. It is bustling with traffic and merchants. Today, Qianshan, under the new situation of reform and development, is welcoming the new century with a new look. There are many high-rise buildings in the city, and the appearance of the city is changing with each passing day. The hometown of the peacock flying southeast is rising in southwest Anhui. In the southeast square of today's city, there stands a sculpture ------- "Peacock Flying Southeast". This graceful sculpture adds beauty to the ancient civilized county town, and at the same time tells future generations about the eternal masterpiece that shocked the world.

The ancient love song "The Peacock Flies Southeast" is the first and greatest long narrative poem in the history of Chinese literature, and is known as the "Saint of Long Poems". Xiaoshigang in our county is where the story takes place. The ancient town of Xiaoli Port was once named Jiaoli Port, Xiaoshi Port, and Xiaoshi Port in history. According to old records, it was "named after Jiao Zhongqing, a small official in Lujiang County of the Han Dynasty." It has been there since the Han Dynasty. Xiaoli Port is located in the upper reaches of Wanshui River, 50 kilometers away from Anqing City, 8 kilometers away from Tianzhu Mountain Scenic Area, and across the river from Qianshan County. In the old days, there were Shangjie, Zhongjie and Xiajie. Today, the old third street is called Old Street, and the newly built area is called New Street. In ancient times, Xiaoli Port was a water transport port and an official road post station. There are more than 500 businesses, warehouses, shops, restaurants, hotels, casinos, bathhouses, and workshops. It is bustling with traffic during the day and brightly lit at night. It is full of people and bustling all year round. The most famous one is the Bamboo Mat Shop, which reaches up to Sanjiang and down to Suzhou and Hangzhou. Merchants gather here, bringing goods from other places to Xiaoli Port and selling bamboo mats, a specialty of the small market, to all over the country. The daily turnover peaks in the tens of thousands. strip.

There are a large number of relics of "The Peacock Flies Southeast" in Xiaoli Gang. There is a village named Liujiashan, one Huali east of the town, where the heroine Liu Lanzhi's natal family is located. There is an ancient well in Liujiashan called "Bitter Water Well". According to legend, Liu Lanzhi drew water from this well when she was a girl. The water in the well was clear and sweet. After Lanzhi's death, the water in the well became bitter and undrinkable, so it was called the Bitter Water Well. Later, the people filled it up. flat. To the west of the ancient town, across a river is Jiaojia Ban. There is a village named Jiaojiayuan in Jiaojia Ban, which is where Jiao Zhongqing's family is located. During the Han Dynasty, Xiaoli Gang and Liujiashan Jiaojiayuan were both under the jurisdiction of Lujiang County. Today Xiaoli Gang and Liujiashan belong to Huaining County, and Jiaojiayuan belongs to Qianshan County. There is a hill in the east of Xiaoli Gang Town, called Huashan. "The two families asked to be buried together, and they were buried together next to Huashan Mountain." In ancient times, "flower" and "hua" were used interchangeably, and Huashan was Huashan. Jiao Zhongqing and Liu Lanzhi were buried together on Huashan Mountain. The tomb where Jiao and Liu are buried is called the "Peacock Tomb" by the local people. In the early 1930s, there was a tombstone carved from ancient blue bricks in front of the tomb. Every year during the Qingming Festival and the twelfth lunar month, a large number of people came here to burn incense and offer sacrifices. In the 1980s, the Huaining County People's Government renovated the tomb and made a marble tombstone with the inscription "Tomb of Jiao Zhongqing and Liu Lanzhi of Han Dynasty". Not far from the "Peacock Tomb" is the "Wangque Mound", and the "Wangque Pavilion" was originally built on the mound. It is said that after Liu Lanzhi's death, local people built piers and pavilions. During the New Year and festivals, they would climb the piers and pavilions with their young and old to pray for the return of the peacocks. . There is a temple in the east of the ancient town, named "Xianggong Temple", which was built in memory of Jiao Zhongqing and Xianggong Jiao. There is a bridge named "Lanzhi Bridge", which was built in memory of Liu Lanzhi. There is also a famous ancient building in Xiaoli Gang - Peacock Tower, which is known as the "Three Spirits of the Yangtze River Basin" together with Nanjing Phoenix Tower and Wuhan Yellow Crane Tower.

"When you go to Anqing, you must climb the tower, and when you go to a small market, you must climb the stage." The Peacock Terrace is also known as the Wannian Terrace. According to legend, it was the place where Jiao Zhongqing and Liu Lanzhi fell in love. Later generations built the terrace to commemorate this pair of young men and women who were loyal to love, hence the name. According to the inscription, this platform was built as an earth mound in the late Tang Dynasty. In the Yuan Dynasty, a bamboo shed was built on the mound and covered with bamboo mat. During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, the platform base was built with stone strips and the platform body was made of brick and wood. In the Qing Dynasty, it was renovated into a magnificent ancient stage. Various industries invite theater troupes to perform on the Peacock Stage on specific dates, ranging from a few days to ten and a half months at most. This is also a unique cultural phenomenon in Xiaoli Gang. There is a group of ancient buildings around the Peacock Platform. On the right side of the platform is the Zhenfeng Pavilion, also known as the Paper Hua Pavilion and the Paper Calligraphy Pavilion. It is connected to a five-story brick pagoda, and the center of the tower is a place for burning calligraphy paper. It is a legacy of Xiaoli Gang that no paper with writing on it should be thrown away at will. Someone on the street would pick up the discarded writing paper and reverently send it to the paper kiosk for burning, which shows the people's respect and admiration for writing at that time. Unfortunately, the "Peacock Terrace" and the surrounding ancient buildings were destroyed during the "Cultural Revolution". One mile east of Xiaoli Port is the famous Neolithic site "Wangjiashan Site". Sanhuali away from Xiaoli Harbor is the famous "Qianlong Peony" planted in the ground. It has a long history and a huge flower plate. The most distinctive feature is that there are several flowers of different colors blooming on one branch. Every year when the peony is in full bloom, tens of thousands of tourists watch it. count.

The local government and people are working hard to restore the original appearance of the "Peacock Flying Southeast" relics. The tourism department has listed Xiaoli Port as a tourist attraction on the Anqing-Tianzhu Mountain tourist route. In the near future, "Peacock Flies Southeast" will become another beautiful tourist attraction in southwest Anhui with its unique cultural heritage.

The beauties of the South during the Three Kingdoms period - the hometown of Erqiao

The big and small Erqiao were from Wan County, Lujiang (now Qianshan, Anhui). His father, Qiao Guo, was respected in his time. Da Qiao is a wandering man with extraordinary talents and appearance. In the fourth year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Sun Ce received three thousand soldiers and horses from Yuan Shu and returned to Jiangdong to restore his ancestral business. With the support of his classmate Zhou Yu, he conquered Wancheng in one fell swoop. In the eastern suburbs of Wancheng, surrounded by streams and surrounded by pines and bamboos, there is a village - Qiao Apartment, later known as Qiao Gong's former residence. Duke Qiao has two daughters who are both beautiful and intelligent, and are famous far and wide. Because of the invitation, I was able to invite Duke Qiao to give me a pair of sisters' flowers. Thus, there was the story of Sun Ce marrying Da Qiao and Zhou Yu marrying Xiao Qiao.

From the perspective of Er Qiao, a pair of sisters are married to two heroes in the world at the same time. One is the "Sun Lang" who is extremely majestic and powerful in Jiangdong, and the other is a romantic and suave man with both civil and military skills. "Zhou Lang", according to the traditional view, can be said to be a talented man and a beautiful woman, and he has a happy marriage. As a beauties whose fame was immediately popular, Jiangdong Erqiao naturally became the object of literature and art. The earliest and most famous work is the popular "Red Cliff" poem by Tang Dynasty poet Du Mu: "The broken halberd sinks in the sand and the iron is not sold, and it will be washed and washed to recognize the former dynasty. The east wind does not agree with Zhou Lang, and the bronze bird spring is locked in two "Qiao." There is an ancient well in the backyard of Qiao Gong's former residence, with clear and deep water. It is said that the Erqiao sisters often dress up here. They can be said to "shape their eyebrows and carefully describe the spring mountains, and wear pines, bamboos, flutes and rings." Every time they put on their makeup, they would throw away the remaining makeup and powder into the well. Over the years, the well water became rouge-colored and the water smelled like rouge. As a result, this well became known as Rouge Well. There is a poem that says: "The two daughters of Mr. Qiao are so beautiful, with autumn water and hibiscus blooming on their pedicles."