Xu Xue's Research on Xu Xiake's Tourism Route

Xu Xue's Research on Xu Xiake's Tourism Route

Xu Xiake has been engaged in tourism investigation all his life. Xu Xiake's travel notes are missing, and the tourist routes in some places are unknown. Scholars have done a lot of textual research.

In the forty-first year of Wanli (16 13), Xu Xiake visited Tiantai and Yandang. According to Zhu, before visiting Tiantai and Yandang, Xu Xiake once traveled back to Cao 'e River to Siming Mountain, then to Ningbo and crossed the sea to visit Jiashan. After visiting Tiantai and Yandang, go south from Yueqing via Wenzhou House, return to Oujiang River, visit Shimen Cave, visit Tongtianyan, Jianxi and Kucangshan in Chuzhou, turn north to enjoy the scenery on both sides of Haoxi River, visit Dinghu Lake in Xiandu Mountain in Jinyun, then go north, and return via Yongkang and Zhuji (Four Notes on Xu Xiake's South Tour)

Regarding the forty-four years of Wanli (16 16), it is not known by what route Xu Xiake arrived in Chong 'an, Fujian. In the Quarterly Draft, Zhou Ningxia and others pointed out that Xu Xiake went to Chong 'an via fenshuiguan, the southern Fujian-Jiangxi border, and corrected the route of going to Chong 'an via Xianxialing, via Pucheng and southwest in the attached figure of Xu Xiake's Travels compiled by Ding Wenjiang (the discovery and discussion of the original manuscript of Xu Xiake's Travels).

In the first year of Chongzhen (1628), Xu Xiake "started a trip to Fujian and Guangxi", but only left a diary of a trip to Fujian, and disappeared in Nanjing, Fujian on April 5. Zhu believes that Xu Xiake sailed westward along the sea, first climbed Luofu Mountain, then traveled to Caoxi, passing through Guangzhou in the middle; On the way back from Guangdong, we should pass through Shixing County and Nanxiong Prefecture from Shaozhou Prefecture, through Meiguan, through Meiling into the south of Jiangxi, and then to Nanjing, Fujian Province (Four Travels of Xu Xiake in the South).

In the ninth year of Chongzhen (1636), Xu Xiake began a trip to the southwest for nearly four years. In the past, researchers always thought that Xu Xiake's travel route from Wan Li was along the Jiangnan Canal, passing through Wuxi and Suzhou, and reaching Hangzhou directly. According to the records of the quarterly manuscript, Zhou Ningxia and others pointed out that after Xu Xiake went to Suzhou, he detoured eastward to Sheshan, then began to travel westward, passing through Zhang Liantang, Wang, Wuzhen, Xinbu and Tangqi, and arrived in Hangzhou (the discovery and discussion of the original manuscript of Xu Xiake's Travels).

Xu Xiake went west to Guizhou and Yunnan. Due to the incomplete diary, there are many doubts about the place where he traveled. Zhu Aimei and Deng Hong believe that Xu Xiake's itinerary after passing through Baping and Liuzhai is Tang Zong, Guanyinlian (Jianping Ridge), Guizhou Yaoyi (friendship village), Lahao, Zhai Bo and Boss; On the journey from Maha to Longli, we haven't been to Pingyue Building and Xintian Temple. Many people have not explained this journey accurately in the past. The routes should be Gamba whistle, Machangping and Yantouzhai in Guiding, Guiding, Yanshan and Longli (textual research on the place names of Xu Xiake's tour routes in Guizhou, Journal of guizhou minzu university No.3+0). Xu Xiake stayed in Guiyang for three nights, and the daily activities recorded in Diary of a Thousand Travelers are very brief. People may think that he just passed by Guiyang without making an investigation. Zhu thinks that Xu Xiake visited Guiyang's geography three times: 1 1 the southeast suburb of Guiyang, 12, Guiyang's north geography, 14, and Guiyang's southwest by the way (Four Stories of Xu Xiake's South).

In the 11th year of Chongzhen (1638), the distance from Ziyi Kong Yi in Guizhou to Fucheng in Guangxi (now luxi county) in Yunnan is unknown. Zhou made a textual research on this, and thought that after starting, he first passed through Huoshaopu and Xiaodongling, then Pingyi Station and Shengjing in southern Yunnan, then turned back to the upper reaches of Baze River, and reached Shuicheng through Pingyixu and Baishuipu. After landing, walk fifteen miles, board the ship and reach Lvliang by water, reach Lunan along Panjiang River and Lvliang, and go north to Hekou and Yanglin. Then I entered the provincial capital via Banqiao, from the provincial capital via Gao Feng to Taihua Mountain, and then returned. After arriving in Jinning through tribute and naturalization, cross the river along Daba Mountain, spread Guansuoling to Jiangchuan, then cross the sea from Jiangchuan, visit Xiushan and build Guanguan. Then, go west to Shiping, Baoxiu and Guankou, then follow the Lujiang River to Yilong Lake, row through the big water city, and then return to Lin 'an. It starts from Lin 'an, goes east to Yandong, passes through Mouse Village, Tian Yang and Zhongdaoling to the Ami, then goes north from the Ami to Maitreya through Peng Pu and Xinshao, and then from Maitreya to Guangxi (Xu Xiake's Wuyin Summer Tourism Route, Guizhou Literature and History Series 1984 1).

The section of the above route from Lvliang to Yanglin has long been regarded as a mystery. Zhu thought that we should take the ancient traffic avenue between Lvliang and Yiliang, pass Taiping Shao, Xinshao, Ayoupu, Fae Shao, Huizi Shao, Tianshengguan, Shiqiao Shao and Gaoshi Shao, and visit Shimen near Hemo Station before heading west. Zhiyun Cave near Busuo; Then turn north, pass Dashao and Mulongbao, cross Nanpanjiang River, return to the north of wheat field, and visit Jiuxiang Cave Group; After visiting the Triangle Cave, head west, passing through Zhaika, Qincaitang, Majie and Dayanglin in Shihu (Four Notes on Xu Xiake's South Tour). According to Zheng Zurong, when crossing the north-south border from Nanpanjiang River in Lvliang, he will visit Shilin Scenic Area on the way, then go down to Yizhi Municipal Office of Yiliang Bazi in the western suburbs, and then take the Beishan ramp along Jialong River, a tributary of Nanpanjiang River, crossing the northern border of Yiliang, and reach Yanglin ("Talking about Xu Xiake's Exploration of the Source of the Pearl River" and "Yunnan Literature and History Series No.2 +0987).

In the 13th year of Chongzhen (1640), Xu Xiake returned to Jiangyin from Jizu Mountain in Yunnan, and the area and specific time he passed on the way were also unsolved. Zhou thinks that Fang quoted the theory of the great mistake monk in the article "The Contribution of Wen Xiake in Yunnan to the Great Mistake Year" (including the geographer Xu Xiake), and thought that Xu Xiake returned from Yunnan in the sixteenth year of Chongzhen (1643), which is extremely unreliable because Xu Xiake had already passed away; Xu Xiake should have left for the East in the first month of the thirteenth year of Chongzhen, which lasted nearly seven months and lasted about 200 days. The route of returning to the east is from Lijiang "going out of Shimen Jinsha in the west", passing through Zhongdian and Batang, Litang and Hanyuan, near Ya 'an, reaching Emei in the east, then along Minjiang River to Yibin, then from Yibin to Huanggang via Chenglingji and other places, and then returning to Jiangyin by boat along the Yangtze River (Xu Xiake's "Returning to the East", Yunnan Social Sciences, No.5, 1983). Chu Shaotang also speculated on several possible eastward routes. He pointed out that Xu Xiake's return trip was "going west out of Shimen Jinsha River" and then going north through Sun Jing and Wawu Mountain. During the trip, he crossed the Jinsha River at Shimenguan, then crossed the bridgehead along the northeast of the Yangtze River (the west bank of Jinsha River), and from there turned north to Zhongdian. From today's topographic map, the route from Zhongdian to Emei is likely to start from Yanyuan, Xichang (old Jianchangwei) and Zhang Yue in Zhongdian, pass through Sun Jing and Wawushan in the north, and reach Emei, or it may still return eastward after Shimenguan, cross Jinsha River in the east from Lijiang, reach Huili through Yongsheng, and then pass through Xichang and Wawushan in the north. From Emei to the east, it should be from Emei to Jiading (now Leshan), by boat to Xuzhou (now Yibin), and then by boat to the east (a study on Xu Xiake's return to Yunnan and the origin of his travels).

Whether Xu Xiake has been to Sichuan is a controversial issue. In Xu Xiake's Chronicle, Ding Wenjiang denied the statements in Qian's Biography of Xu Xiake and Chen's Epitaph of Xu Xiake, and thought that Xu Xiake had never been to Sichuan. In recent years, some scholars believe that Xu Xiake has been to Sichuan. As mentioned above, both Zhou and Chu Shaotang claimed that Xu Xiake had been to Emei on his way home from the East. In Questioning whether Xu Xiake ever went to Sichuan (Journal of East China Normal University, No.2, 1984), Chu Shaotang also assumed that Xu Xiake had gone to Sichuan before his trip to the southwest, and the estimated time and route were: first, after he visited Songshan, Taihuashan and Taihe Mountain in the third year of the apocalypse (1623), and second, after the apocalypse. Scholars such as Chen Qiaoyi criticized Xu Xiake's view of traveling in Sichuan (about the research and development of Xu Xue).

As early as the 1920s, Ding Wenjiang presided over the compilation and drawing of 36 travel maps of Xu Xiake, which were published together with his travels (Commercial Press, 1928). Later, Chu Shaotang, Liu Siyuan and others presided over the drawing of the general map and sub-map of the tourist route, which were first printed in Xu Xiake's Travels (Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1980) and then published separately in the name of Xu Xiake's Atlas of Tourist Routes (China Map Publishing House, 199 1 year). Wen Qi and Zhao Zhixin compiled Illustrated Travels of Xu Xiake (the publication time and place are unknown, and the book is kept in Beijing Library). In addition, there are many travel maps attached to various works. Huang Xizhi's "My humble opinion on Xu Xiake's investigation and schematic diagram of his travel route" (contained in Xu Xiake's research) commented on some maps.