From the architect's point of view, this paper discusses the difference between Qin Changcheng and the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty.

From the position, the Ming Great Wall is located in the south of Qin Changcheng, or Qin Changcheng is relatively north, and the Ming Great Wall is relatively south; In terms of scale, the Ming Great Wall is bigger than Qin Changcheng, or Qin Changcheng starts from Liaodong in the east and Lintao in the west. The Ming Great Wall starts from Shanhaiguan in the east and Jiayuguan in the west.

Ming Great Wall:

The Ming Great Wall is the site of Datong section of the ancient Great Wall. Datong is one of the nine important towns in Ming Dynasty, and its strategic position is very important.

Datong Ming Great Wall was mainly built during Jiajing period, and was built by Weng Wanda, Governor of Xuanda University. Datong mayor starts from Koutai, dongbei town, Tianzhen County in the east and ends at Yajiao Mountain in the west (now Dongshan, Zishang Village, Qingshuihe, Inner Mongolia), with a total length of 335 kilometers. According to the statistics of "Planning, Testing and Illustration of Three Clouds in General Town of Datong", Datong Town has successively built a 5 16.3-mile big side and two sides; There are 72 main castles (20 in the city and 52 in the castle), such as inner five castles, outer five castles, outer five castles and Yungang six castles; 776 side piers; There are 833 fire piers.

The Great Wall in Ming Dynasty started from the west of Juyongguan, divided into two lines, north and south, and met in Pianguan, Shanxi. Both inside and outside are called the Great Wall. The Great Wall, namely Tianzhen, Yanggao, Datong and Zuoyun in Datong, passes through Chicheng, Chongli, Zhangjiakou, Wanquan and Huai 'an in the northwest of Juyongguan and reaches Pianguan and Hequ along the junction of Inner Mongolia and Shanxi. The Inner Great Wall enters Lingqiu and Hunyuan of Datong from the southwest of Juyongguan via Yixian, Laiyuan and Fuping in Hebei, and then passes through Yingxian, Fan Shi and Shenchi to Laoying. According to the actual measurement of the existing Great Wall, the Outer Great Wall enters Tianzhen County from Taogou Village in Huai 'an County and Nanbei Road in Mashikou, Xiyanghe Township, and intersects with the West Great Wall in Xinpingle Village. Tianzhen Great Wall is about 105 Li long. 6 1 abutment rammed by loess. From Shuimokou, Tianzhen, 3 miles to the west, enter the village boundary of Shijiudun, Yanggao County, exit the town-side fort and enter the Datong urban area. Yanggao Great Wall 100 Li, rammed earth mound 1 19. About 8 Li to the west from Bianbao in Yanggao Town, it enters the boundary of Yuandun Village in Datong, passes through Zhenchuankou, Hongci Fort and Zhenqiang Fort, passes through Qiangkou, Qiangkou and Fumakou to 13th side, and turns south to Zhulougou to enter the boundary of Zuoyun County. The other is Zuo Yunjie, a native of Shi Yao from Hongcibao to Xinrong and Bulu in the west. The Great Wall is called "Two Sides" by local people. North-South Great Wall ***2 10. The Great Wall entered the security fort boundary of Zuoyun County from the brick building in Datong to the south, and left Zuoyun to the northwest to enter the twenty-border boundary of Youyu County. The Great Wall is about 86 miles from Zuoyun Lilong.

The above section of the Great Wall is about 5,065,438+0 Li in Datong. The Ming Great Wall in Datong City, hun yuan and Lingqiu County belongs to the Inner Great Wall. Hunyuan territory 160 Li, Lingqiu territory about 190 Li. Datong Ming Great Wall has a total length of more than 800 miles inside and outside. It is a key cultural relic protection unit in Shanxi Province. Five castles with side walls refer to castles built on the Great Wall of Datong Ming Dynasty. The five fortresses on the wall of Datong Town are divided into five fortresses inside, five castles outside and five castles outside the Great Wall. Generally speaking, the "five castles on the side wall" refers to the "five castles on the inside", that is, the five castles of Zhenbian, Zhenchuan, Hongci, Lu Zhen and Hezhen, all located in the north of Datong. Today's Neiwubao Great Wall starts from Zhenbianbao to Sandun and Zhenchuankou in the west, crosses Xisi Liangshan in the west and reaches Hongzibao, which is rammed with loess. The city wall is very strong and well preserved, with a height of more than 5 meters. It is a prominent section of Datong Ming Great Wall, adjacent to Yongguling and Wanniantang. This is the best location for frontier fortress tourism. Climb Fangshan Mountain, cross the Great Wall and climb the fort platform. A dragon soars among the mountains of Cezanne ancient city. The pier outside the inner fort is opposite to the beacon tower, and the frontier fortress has a panoramic view.

Qin Changcheng:

Qin, won the surname, was built by. In 770 BC, he was made a vassal by King Ping for his meritorious service in escorting Zhou Ping eastward. In the early Warring States period, Qin was economically backward, with frequent civil strife and weak national strength, and was constantly attacked by Wei Jun. Therefore, Duke Li of Qin and Qin successively built the Great Wall in the Yellow River and the west bank of Luoshui for self-protection, which was called the Great Wall of Luo Qian in history. Historical records. Qin Benji said: Li Gonggong "conquered Dali with 20,000 troops in sixteen years (46 1) and took its imperial city". He also said: In the sixth year of Jian Gong (409 BC), "Luo Qian. Spring scenery in the city. " Graben, another name for the Great Wall. According to the time when Qin ligong and Qin built the Great Wall in Historical Records, the Great Wall in the west of Qin River was nearly a hundred years earlier than the Great Wall in the west of Weihe River, and the Great Wall in Luohe River was 56 years earlier than the Great Wall in Weihe River. Its purpose is to prevent Wei. The Great Wall of Luo Qian is a relatively simple Great Wall, which was rebuilt by using banks and cliffs on the shore. According to research, this section starts from Zhangxiao Village at the foot of Huashan Mountain in the southeast of Huayin County, Shaanxi Province, passes through Huayin Temple to the northeast, crosses the sand canal to Weihe River, enters Pucheng territory along the south bank of Luohe River to the west, and then extends to the foothills of Huanglong Mountain in Baishui County along the west bank of Luohe River.

Another Great Wall of the State of Qin was built in the northwest during the reign of Qin Zhao Haoqi. Northwest Qin is adjacent to Yiqu. Yiqu is a branch of the ancient Xirong nationality in China, distributed in Qishan, Liangshan, Shuijing and Qishui (now Qingyang and Jingchuan in Gansu). During the Spring and Autumn Period, it was extremely powerful, claiming to be the king, and fighting with the State of Qin in wartime. In the third year of Qin Huiwen (335 BC), Yiqu defeated Qin Jun in Lodi. In order to guard against the invasion of Yi Qu, King Huiwen of Qin began to build fortifications on the northern border in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty (324 BC). However, the invasion of yiqu did not stop. Before 3 18, he attacked Qin again and won. In the 11th year of Yuan Dynasty (3 14 BC), Queen Qin Huiwen sent troops to crusade against Yi Canal, but only captured several cities. Until the Qin and Zhao Haoqi dynasties, Yi Qu was destroyed, the land was occupied, and the Great Wall was built to reject it. Historical records. "Biography of Xiongnu" records: "When he was king, Yiqu rebelled with Queen Xuan and had two sons. Empress Xuan faked the death of Yiqu Rong Wang in Ganquan, so she set out to cut Yiqu. " So the Qin Dynasty built the Great Wall in Longxi and Beidi to stop Hu. The specific time when Zhao Haoqi built the Great Wall in Qin Dynasty is not clearly recorded in the history books, but it is recorded in the history books. Biography of Xiqiang The Empress Xuan trapped and killed Yiqu King in forty-three years, that is, thirty-five years, that is, in 272 BC. By analogy, King Qin Zhao's construction of the Great Wall should have started in Zhao Haoqi in thirty-five years or later. As for the specific location of the Great Wall, according to historical records, it should be in the periphery of Longxi, Beidi and Shang Jun counties. According to the records in Notes on Water Mirror, Yuanhe County Records, Taiping Yuhuan and other documents and experts' investigation, the Great Wall of King Qin Zhaowang starts from Min County, Gansu Province in the west, goes north to Lintao County along the east bank of Taohe River, reaches Weiyuan in the southeast, then turns northeast to enter the southern border of Ningxia through Tongwei and Jingning counties, crosses Hulu River and Liupanshan Mountain, and then passes through. A branch road runs eastward along the watershed between Dali River and Huaining River to the west of Suide County, and northward along the west bank of Wuding River to Nanyuhe Town, Yulin County. The other branch goes north, passes through Jingbian County East, Hengshan, Yulin and Shenmu County, enters the southern border of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and reaches the west bank of the Yellow River.