Is the Mangdang Mountain Tourist Area in Yongcheng City, Henan Province, China a World Heritage Site?

No, the tombs of the Western Han Dynasty are national key protected cultural relics. The murals in the Yongcheng tomb are rare in the world. Experts call them: "Dunhuang before Dunhuang".

The tombs of the Han and Liang kings in Mangdang Shanxi are the earliest and largest Han tombs discovered in China. The mausoleums of the Han and Liang kings in the Western Han Dynasty in Mangdang Mountain are cut into the mountains.

The tombs are outlined and hidden through the stone. They have a complex structure and are magnificent, just like a group of underground palaces. It is particularly worth mentioning that the tombs of King Liang of the Western Han Dynasty were carved out by countless migrant workers with hammers in the Western Han Dynasty before the advent of explosives. The vastness of the engineering and the superb skills are breathtaking. The unearthed Han Dynasty murals, gold-lined jade clothing, gilt chariots and horses, cavalry figurines and a large number of exquisite jades are even more rare treasures.

A total of 18 Han tombs have been discovered in the Western Han Dynasty Liang Wang Mausoleum Group. Among them, the tombs of Liang Xiao Wang Liu Wu and his queen, the grandsons of Han Emperor Liu Bang, are the largest and most famous. The tomb of Queen Liang Xiao is 210 meters deep. It is the largest stone chamber mausoleum discovered in China so far. All kinds of living facilities are available in the tomb: living room, bedroom, closet, granary, ice cellar, stable, armory, toilet (the most amazing thing is Among them are the earliest beautifully carved stone toilets used in China as evidenced by physical objects). There is an underground passage between the tomb of King Xiao of Liang and the tomb of the Queen, called "Huangquan Road". It is the passage where the souls of King Xiao of Liang and the Queen meet after death. It is said that later generations call it "destiny returns to Huangquan" or "Huangquan Road". Derived from this. The jade garments unearthed from the Han Dynasty Tomb in Xishan are fine in workmanship and pure in texture. They still retain their charm after more than 2,000 years. The murals in Shiyuan Han Tomb are themed with the four gods Green Dragon, White Tiger, Suzaku and Xuanwu. They are surrounded by swirling clouds and ribbons. They are exquisite in painting skills and majestic. They are called "Dunhuang before Dunhuang". The faces unearthed in it are The beautiful and lifelike lady maid with amputated arms is even called the "Venus of China".

Key Protection

The Tomb of King Xiao of Liang

The Tombs of King Liang of the Han Dynasty in Mangdang Mountain are national key cultural relics protection units and are rare large-scale stone chamber tombs in my country and even the world. group.

The "Four Gods Clouds and Gases" mural was discovered in the persimmon round tomb in the tomb of the King of Liang in the early Western Han Dynasty (2nd century BC) in Mangdang Mountain, Henan Province. The hilltop where the persimmon round tomb is located is located on the southeastern slope of Baoan Mountain. The top of the hill is flat and covered with thorns. Below the surface is very thin shale. The shale alternates with limestone below two meters. The shale gradually disappears below five meters and is all limestone.

Among the numerous mural remains, there are very few tomb murals, and even fewer from the early Western Han Dynasty. Therefore, this mural has become the earliest and highest-level tomb mural treasure in our country. However, after ten years, the damage to the murals gradually appeared and became increasingly serious. The painted layer on the surface has lifted and fallen off, the paint has faded, and some grid lines appear. There are cracks and delaminations in the ground layer. The screen has transparency cracks. The mural fasteners are loose. The surface of the mural shows traces of the deformation of the wooden keel on the back and the front roof. The entire mural is severely bent and deformed. Cracks occur at the junction. The picture is partially warped and cracked.

The tomb of King Xiao of Liang has many records in history books. "Historical Records: The Family of King Xiao of Liang" retrieves "Shu Zheng Ji": "There is the tomb of King Xiao of Liang in Dang". "Shui Jing Zhu Huoshui" quoted Shao: "There is Dangshan Mountain in the county, and the mountain is in the east. There are inscriptions on it, and Qin established Dangjun County, so it was named after the mountain... There is the tomb of King Xiao of Liang on the mountain, and his tomb was cut into the mountain. The outline is hidden through the stone. "Yongcheng County Chronicles·Historic Sites" compiled by Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty records: "Xiaowang Cave is at the east foot of Baoan Mountain, where there is a cross street and a drinking horse pond." "Taiping Huanyu Ji" records: "Liang Wang Cave." The tomb of King Xiao is located fifty miles away from the county (north), four feet high, and one mile around the Nanling Mountain of Dangshan Mountain. The discovery of the tomb of King Xiao of Liang can be traced back to the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. "Tens of thousands of kilograms of gold and treasure", resulting in "the king's stone chamber is empty after all the gold has been exhausted".

Geography

The Tomb of King Xiao of Liang

The tomb faces east from the west and was dug 20 meters away from the top of the mountain. The total length from the entrance to the tomb passage to the west wall of the west corridor is 96.45 meters, the widest point in the north and south (the north wall of the corridor's north ear room to the south wall of the south ear room of the corridor) is 32.4 meters, and the highest point is 3 meters. , with a total area of ??approximately 612 square meters and a total volume of approximately 1,367 cubic meters. The entire tomb consists of tomb passages, corridors, main chambers, corridors, more than 10 measuring chambers, ear chambers, corner chambers and drainage systems.

The tomb passage runs east-west and consists of a slope tomb passage and a flat tomb passage. The total length of the slope tomb passage is 32.2 meters, the upper opening is 2.59 meters wide, and the bottom width is 2.78 meters. The western end of the flat-bottomed tomb passage goes deep into the mountain and is a closed tomb passage. The stone walls on both sides are covered with stone slabs with dovetail grooves at the bottom. It is buckled into a two-sided slope style, and the tops of the two slopes are buckled with trapezoidal stone slabs that are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. This fastening method reduces the pressure on the top, is extremely strong, and is well preserved to this day. An auricular chamber was dug in the north and south of the tomb passage near the tomb door. The longest part of the south auricular chamber from east to west is 5.1 meters, the widest part from north to south is 4.9 meters, and the inner height is 2.4 meters. The north ear chamber is 5.3 meters long from east to west, 4.46 meters wide at its widest point from north to south, and 2.22 meters high inside. These two rooms should be chariot and horse rooms. The tomb gate is 23.4 meters long from east to west and 2.4 meters wide. The rain channel, which is 2.3 meters high in the east and high in the west, is the passage leading from the tomb passage to the main chamber. It consists of three parts: the doorway, the slope corridor and the flat-bottomed corridor. An ear chamber is dug on the north and south sides of the western end of the slope corridor. The longest part of the north ear room is 12.88 meters from north to south, the widest part from east to west is 9.9 meters, the height is 2-2.18 meters, and the total volume is about 233 cubic meters.

The south ear room is 4.56 meters from east to west, 4.6 meters wide from north to south, and 2.1 meters high inside. It is a place where weapons are hidden.