Yu Pei, a happy character in Qing Dynasty, is true and false.

What you want to ask is Pei, a lucky character in the Qing Dynasty, how to distinguish authenticity?

1. Hetian jade in Xinjiang is the main jade material in Qing Dynasty. In addition, jade materials such as white jade, topaz, jasper and jet are also widely used. Generally, high white jade is used for the processing of official products and fine products, and the rest are folk jade. Jade in Qing dynasty generally said that the craft of good jade quality was also exquisite, and the craft of poor jade quality was more general. Jade materials with willow cracks, dirt and skin are mostly used in the processing of general jade and antique jade. In modern jade making, except a small amount of high white jade materials are used to make jade pendants, jade cards and so on. It is rare to make antique jade with aniseed or aniseed. More widely, it is made of jade materials such as sapphire and scrap. Due to the difficulty of material source, counterfeiters often use newly developed alternative materials, which are obviously different from Hetian jade in jade structure, hardness and density.

2. Jade-making equipment in Qing Dynasty has no electric device, not to mention stepless speed change device, and the material, structure and accuracy of the equipment are primitive. Due to the low mechanization of equipment and poor material structure, it will inevitably lead to the wear and tear of equipment and materials, which will make the accuracy and stability of equipment poor and the grinding efficiency low. Therefore, the large technological error is an inevitable technological defect and characteristic in jade processing in Qing Dynasty. This kind of defect and characteristic is obvious in the artistic effect of jade, which can be found in the jade of Qing Dynasty. There are many errors in its process accuracy, such as symmetry, line grinding and parallelism, grinding base surface, etc., which also fully shows the jade-making equipment and process level in Qing Dynasty.

3. The texture of jade articles in Qing Dynasty includes brightness, feel, familiarity, permeability, oily texture and material permeability. Emerald with pits will generally maintain its original luster. No matter after molding and burying, or after coiling before death, there will be some deposited substances on the surface, which will corrode. Due to the long-term infiltration of underground temperature and humidity, Shengkeng jade will soon appear oily texture after being unearthed and polished. No matter how strong the surface texture of modern imitations is, it will not produce a natural and mature texture effect. This short-term reinforcement is completely different from the long-term natural effect. Mainly manifested in: the jade table has high reflectivity, or the jade table has no luster. Neither of these two imitations can fully achieve the texture effect of jade articles in Qing Dynasty.