About the paper 200 points

The eating habits of a nation are closely related to their cultural habits and personality.

The French have delicate emotions and romantic ideas. Therefore, French catering is very particular.

French food culture is very long. Starting from Louis XIV, France’s food diplomacy has become world-famous. In the heyday of French banquets, 200 dishes could be served on the dining table at one time. The French’s favorite dishes are snails and frog legs, their favorite food is cheese, their most expensive dish is foie gras, and their home-cooked dish is fried steak with shredded potatoes. In addition, the French are also the world’s drinking champions, especially wine. .

France is one of the three largest culinary kingdoms in the world. The French are very particular about food and are willing to spend money. The French don't like to eat scaleless fish, nor do they like to eat spicy dishes. They generally like to eat delicacies that are slightly raw and tender. French people are generally happy to drink raw water (tap water) and are not used to drinking boiled water.

The world-famous French cuisine, with its exquisite and luxurious taste, has swept the stomachs of diners around the world. The French regard "eating" as one of the joys of life. They believe that food is not only a kind of enjoyment, but also It's an art. In the 16th century, the French court already had a very particular food culture. After the French Revolution, as the palace chefs disappeared from the market, palace cuisine began to take root among the people.

French cuisine attaches great importance to the use of "ingredients". It is a maxim of French cuisine that inferior ingredients will not produce good dishes. However, the characteristics of French cuisine using local materials make the tastes vary from north to south. Therefore, "Where to eat what kind of food, what kind of food to eat in what season" is very important!

The essence of French cuisine lies in the sauce (SAUCE). Because of their particular emphasis on ingredients, when the French use sauces, they do so without destroying the original flavor of the ingredients. A good sauce can enhance the flavor of the food itself. Flavor and texture, so how to prepare the best sauce depends entirely on the skill of the chef! In addition, French cuisine is also said to be the cuisine that best expresses the connotation of a chef. Every dish is an artistic creation for the chef.

French people’s dietary characteristics

They pay more attention to dinner. Like to drink wine, milk, black tea, etc. Go to the hotel to drink coffee, eat fruit and ice cream. Loves to eat beef, mutton, chicken, fish, shrimp, eggs, various kinds of roasted intestines, etc. I love eating all kinds of vegetables. I like to drink clear soup and eat fruits (especially pineapple).

When eating and drinking in a formal French restaurant, the use of tableware and wine utensils is meticulous. There is a lot of research into what kind of knife and fork to use for what kind of food, so everyone chose two or three sets in front of them. The same goes for wine glasses, because matching food and drink here is an art. It is customary to drink a glass of aperitif before a meal; during the meal, if you eat meat, drink dry red wine; if you eat seafood such as fish and shrimp, drink dry white wine; after the meal, some people also like to drink a little brandy. of hard liquor. The wine glasses used for each type of wine are different. Looking at the tall, short, fat and thin man with several wine glasses placed in front of him, does he really prove that he can't drink enough? But fortunately, there is no emphasis on deep feelings here, and he will feel stuffy. Xi Wen asked everyone to chat while eating. The wine only served to add to the fun and adjust the atmosphere, but they frequently raised glasses, but they were all too light. Keep the atmosphere at the table pleasant, but not too loud.

The French have the following characteristics in their eating habits:

1. Pay attention to the cooking temperature, the freshness and tenderness of the dishes, and the quality of the dishes.

2. Taste: Generally, it likes fat, richness, freshness and tenderness, and prefers sour, sweet and salty tastes.

3. Food: staple food is rice or flour, and likes snacks; non-staple food likes fat and tender pork, mutton, beef, fish, shrimp, chicken, eggs, various intestines and fresh vegetables, and occasionally They are also willing to taste some novel foods, such as snails, earthworms, malan, etc.; they like to use cloves, peppers, coriander, garlic, tomato juice, etc. as seasonings.

4. Preparation method: Preference for dishes made by frying, frying, roasting, roasting, stir-frying and other cooking methods.

5. Recipes: I really appreciate the braised mandarin fish, kung pao diced pork, crispy fried chicken, fried shrimp balls, shredded chicken with silver sprouts, pineapple turkey, caramelized apples and other flavorful dishes.

6. Water and wine: I am fond of drinking wine, especially wine, rose wine, champagne, etc. People who generally cannot drink or do not know how to drink often drink beer; usually their usual drinks include mineral springs Water, soda, orange juice, black tea or coffee, etc.

7. Fruits: The French love to eat fruits, especially pineapples. Apples, grapes, kiwis, etc. are also their favorite varieties: dried fruits like raisins, roasted chestnuts, etc.

"The French spend an hour enjoying an aperitif before a meal, with some olives and crackers. When they actually sit down to eat, they don't have that strong feeling of hunger." And in There are countless pauses between each bite of food. The relaxed and pleasant atmosphere during the meal, as well as the taste and praise of the food, help them easily maintain their figure.

French girls’ food is very It's a small portion. A typical French croissant weighs a little more than 30 grams, while the American version weighs almost 60 grams. In other words, French girls' stomachs are used to eating small amounts of food.

French women are very enthusiastic about meals. They usually consume 60% of the total calories for the day before two o'clock in the afternoon, followed by a simple dinner. In China, people often starve themselves all day long, but at dinner time, they eat well and feel full.

Because the French eat a satisfying lunch, they don’t need to snack at any time, which also helps them control their weight.

The French are as particular about food as the Chinese. They often talk about which restaurant they had a good meal at, and which new restaurant is opened on which street, and they must go there once. They are also very open-minded in accepting food culture. As long as it is delicious, whether it is Italian, Spanish, North African or Chinese, they will accept all orders. But when it comes to French food, it’s definitely “my choice”. Only when they are with Chinese people, they will show a slightly humble attitude and say, "Our French and Chinese food are the two most famous foods in the world." You see, I actually want to be on an equal footing with Chinese food.

The French not only pay attention to the content of food, but also the environment and fun of eating.

In addition to cat and dog meat, there are also a wide variety of meats, including the well-known snails, frog legs, horse meat, and general traditional meats; seafood is not to mention: oysters, lobster, Crayfish, spider crabs and various sea shells; fish are mainly marine fish, the most popular ones are bream, wolf fish, sole, turbot and some fish whose names cannot be translated, while eating smoked salmon is One of the Christmas traditions. People who can hunt also pay attention to eating woodcock, which is a small bird, but its body is full of meat, and the meat is extremely delicious.

Meat is mostly stewed, roasted and fried. Generally speaking, they don't have the concept of "fried", it's just a prelude to cooking. Therefore, French food can be prepared in advance, unlike Chinese food, which always has to be cooked at the last minute in order to keep it fresh and tender. The condiments they use are basically "grass", commonly used ones include shallots, thyme, parsley, bay, etc. Just as Chinese food condiments include more than just soy sauce and vinegar, French food also has a wide variety of condiments, such as butter, milk, cream, eggs, etc., which can be mixed into various flavors. It all depends on how you choose and operate them. The most representative way to eat steak is pan-frying, which can be divided into three states. The first is half-cooked, which is only fried for a few seconds before being served. It is still bloody after being cut open. Some people eat it to their heart's content, and Chinese people will be intimidated by it; It is bloody and takes more than ten seconds to fry; the third type is basically cooked. When eating, it is completely up to each person's taste to choose the state they need.

The French don’t eat as many varieties of green vegetables as the Chinese, and most of them are eaten raw. The rest are in the style of watercress: large and tasteless, which is just right for French cuisine. Gradually, people also used some foreign condiments, such as curry and ginger. The French believe that ginger has aphrodisiac properties, so it is very easy to accept it. In addition, Chinese cabbage and bean sprouts are also slowly becoming popular. Their approach to vegetables is exactly the opposite of Chinese food. There is no in-between: either raw or cooked. Eaten raw include various types of lettuce, sweet carrots, tomatoes and cucumbers. The overcooked ones include spinach puree or stewed vegetables, and even the lentils are cooked soft.

The sweets are so diverse that they will make your mouth water and you will have to buy them to try. The condiments for making sweets are nothing more than butter, cream, milk, flour, eggs, and sugar. For example, you can add various fruits, chocolate, or vanilla to make different pastries. In most cases, some enthusiasts make homemade snacks at home, which are no worse than those bought outside, or even better.

The atmosphere and decoration of the living room should be paid attention to when eating. The host must carefully decorate the living room in advance, insert flowers, put on soft lights at night, and cover the large dining table with ironed tablecloths and cloth napkins. , and then put on exquisite porcelain tableware. The best porcelain is the Limoges porcelain. The fine white porcelain is decorated with exquisite patterns and the colors are just right. The discerning family will put silver knives and forks and crystal cups. The number of wine glasses varies from one to three depending on the situation of each house. Usually there are two, including wine glasses and water glasses. If there are three glasses, consider red and white wine. On important occasions, champagne is opened after the meal, and it comes from another glass. By the way, French champagne is a sparkling white wine produced in the Champagne region, which is different from China's small champagne. When invited by a French person, don't think that just "just have some champagne" is enough, because this kind of wine is really not something you can drink casually.

People who have watched the movie "TITANIC" must have learned about the importance of cutlery. It will really shock you at first glance: there are three to four sets of knives on both sides of the plate. Forks and cups come in three sizes: large, medium and small. That is the most exquisite one. Generally, one or two sets of knives and forks are enough. For example, eating seafood is even more lively, and there are all kinds of tools. If you don't do something big, you will feel sorry for them. The general rule is to use the outermost knife and fork first when serving a dish, and remove them as you go. It will be easier to handle later. Large cups are for drinking water and others for red and white wine. The large spoon is only used for drinking soup or for sharing; the small spoon is used for sweets and coffee, and the latter is one size smaller than the former. If you are dining at home, you can wash the pots, bowls, cups and spoons in one meal. Fortunately, someone invented the dishwasher.

The procedure for eating is: first drink an aperitif, mainly wine with a higher alcohol concentration, and eat some salty crackers at the same time, which is equivalent to letting the stomach adapt. Then everyone comes to the table. The first course is usually cold platters, hot vegetable pancakes or seafood, served on a medium shallow plate; if the first course is soup, a deep plate with a large spoon is required. No matter what you eat, the first plate must be removed. The ensuing main course is served on a large platter and includes at least two hot dishes, one meat and one vegetarian, sometimes with rice or noodles as a side dish. The staple is always French bread.

After everyone has put the food on their plates, the hostess picks up the knife and fork and says "good appetite to everyone" before the guests can start. Sometimes the guests do not understand the rules and make the first move. At this time, the hostess will immediately pick up the knife and fork calmly so as not to appear rude to the guests. After the hot dishes, cheese is sometimes added with lettuce, on a small shallow plate, and then after-dinner desserts are added with coffee or tea. Finally, sometimes hosts also recommend a digestif, which has a slightly higher alcohol concentration than an aperitif. Foreigners often don’t understand the French way of paying attention to wine and pour aperitifs to the guests during meals; or some people pour a full glass like Lao Baigan in China, then raise the glass and drink it all; even the host and the guest are not distinguished. , got up and poured the wine by himself. The French are generally more tolerant in such situations. Those who have been to China know a little bit about the Chinese way of doing things. They will joke: "When we were in China, we all followed their habits; in France, we still have to follow them." But they didn't mean to blame at all.

Most French people are good at cooking, especially when guests are at home, the couple will show off their skills. Generally speaking, when the guests arrive, the wife is responsible for greeting them, and the husband is responsible for the drinks. When necessary, they both cook and serve the dishes at the same time. In such an atmosphere, whatever you eat will give you a warm feeling. Not to mention the delicious food carefully prepared by the owner. If you dine in a restaurant, all kinds of dishes are not only delicious, but the chefs can also use various food colors to create various patterns and styles. The degree of exquisiteness is not what ordinary families can do.

The most unacceptable thing for Chinese people traveling to France to eat French food is the alternation of hot and cold, and the combination of sweet and salty: the first course, cold dishes (salty); the second course, hot dishes (salty); Three courses, sweets (cold); finally, coffee or tea (hot and sweetened), and not only that, but also wine and cold water with the meal. Only your heart knows how your stomach will bear it after eating. But the French never feel uncomfortable and complain in a big way.

Although French food does not have several major cuisines like Chinese food, there are traditional representative dishes in various places, such as oil-soaked duck and foie gras in the Dordogne, sauerkraut sausage in Alsace, and Breton. Tarney’s black noodle stew and pancakes, Normandy’s beef and sheep meat, Provence fish soup and so on. Modern new-style French cuisine pays more attention to the delicate taste and presentation style, so that people's taste and vision can enjoy the beauty.

To sum up, the Chinese and French diets have their own merits and characteristics. Eating in France will not only satisfy you with food, but also bring you a unique taste. Generally speaking, French people accept Chinese food easily, while Chinese people have certain conditions to accept French food; and there are fewer things that French people don’t like in Chinese food than there are things that Chinese people don’t like in French food

Anyone who has had contact with Americans will probably think that Americans are warm, cheerful, generous, and easy to approach. When you make acquaintance with an American for the first time, he will talk to you, even endlessly, making you feel unrestrained; when you walk on the street and look at strangers accidentally, he may Smile and nod to you, or say hello; if your car breaks down on the road, there will be enthusiastic people who will come to help you repair it; if you get lost on the street, there will be people who will enthusiastically help you. Guidance.

The second characteristic of American character is independence and enterprising spirit. They don't like to rely on others, and they don't like others to rely on them. Americans have developed the habit of independent struggle and not relying on their parents since childhood.

The third characteristic of American character is practicality. They don't like boundless fantasies like the French, nor do they care about style and face like the British. The early history of the United States created their character of not being discouraged in the face of adversity, keeping their sights on their goals, and pursuing diligently.

Americans are also very pragmatic about money. If you work hard, you will be rewarded, and if you ask for help from others, you should repay the favor. This is natural in the eyes of Americans.

The fourth characteristic of American character is that they attach great importance to the value of success. In the eyes of Americans, what is important is not a person's family background, but his or her own talents and abilities. Even a child has to do his best to excel in school in order to please his parents. They also seem to understand that being loved by their parents is not a natural right, but a trophy earned through their own efforts.

American catering culture

American character creates American catering culture.

Americans’ eating habits are three meals a day. They pay attention to whether their food is scientific, nutritious, efficient and convenient, and generally do not pay attention to the exquisiteness and detail of the food.

Breakfast time is usually at 8 o'clock. The content is relatively simple, including toast, cereal and coffee, or milk and pancakes. Some families don't even make breakfast. They go to small restaurants and snack counters that provide breakfast, have a quick bite, and then go their separate ways. Some go to work, some to school.

Lunch time is usually from 12:00 to 1:00, sometimes later. Lunch is usually simple. As the pace of social life continues to accelerate, Americans pay less and less attention to lunch: many employees whose workplaces are far from home and whose working hours are concentrated have short lunch breaks and can only eat lunch at the company Eat a work meal, and the so-called work meal is often a box lunch provided by the nearest fast food restaurant.

Some people bring their own lunch, which is enough for them: a few slices of sandwich, a piece of fruit, and a cup of coffee. Some Chinese Americans like to bring two rice dumplings or roasted potatoes to work and make lunch together.

Americans usually eat dinner between 5 and 7 pm, which is the most important meal of the day. Usually every household has to make several dishes (dishes), as well as snacks (light refreshments), fruits (fruit) and the like. The meat they often eat is steak (beefsteak) and pork chop (pork chop). The weight of a piece of steak is generally more than 150 grams. It often looks half-cooked and difficult to chew, but Americans regard it as a delicacy (dainty). .

Americans who live at home buy simple foods. A bag of bread, a can of drink, a bag of carrots, a few onions, and occasionally someone bought a plate of beef. People rarely use condiments, and salad oil is the most used.

American restaurants are generally small in size, clean and tidy, and there are not many types of food. Some people have summarized the characteristics of American food: first, it is raw, the steak is bloodshot, second, it is cold, and ice cubes are added to all drinks, and third, it is sweet. This is of course a judgment made by the Chinese based on their own taste, but it hits the point. In fact, Americans pay attention to nutrition rather than taste when eating, and most Americans are not good at cooking.

The development direction of American diet is towards fast food. Most of their vegetables are eaten raw, so the nutrients are not lost, and more importantly, they save time. Nowadays, they strongly advocate squeezing vegetables into vegetable juice and drinking them. They want to squeeze out the time spent eating vegetables for other purposes.

Changes in social lifestyles have had a significant impact on Americans’ eating habits. Today, they can be found everywhere in cities, towns, hotels and restaurants in the United States, making it very convenient for people to eat. In a fast food restaurant or coffee house, customers usually spend 4 to 5 US dollars to have a meal. In fast food restaurants, hamburgers, hot dogs, pies and donuts are generally popular.

In urban and rural areas of the United States, coffee shops (also selling ice cream) and McDonald's fast food restaurants abound. The former is like a teahouse in Sichuan, China, and the latter is like a noodle shop in Henan, China. Go to a coffee shop and drink a cup of coffee for more than one dollar, and eat a dish of ice cream for two or three dollars. It is very pleasant to chat while eating. The ice cream in the United States is one of the best. There are all kinds of ice creams, and they are full of crispy and fragrant nuts. They are very delicious. McDonald's stores are even more unique: from a distance, no matter when or where a "McDonald's" store has three flags flying in a conspicuous place, one is the American flag, one is the state flag, and the other is the store flag. No matter where McDonald's stores are doing brisk business, a sandwich or hot dog, a bag of potato chips or popcorn, and a drink only add up to $3.99. Integer, which shows the shrewdness of American businessmen), not to mention that there is no penalty for refilling the drink after finishing it.

What’s even more interesting is that during the summer vacation, the store employs a group of twelve or thirteen-year-old female students. Their childish faces and serious working attitude are endearing. If it is a holiday and there are more customers, these girls will wear uniforms, sports caps, a pair of headphones and a small microphone, and they will contact the operator from time to time. Their serious energy is like that of multinational companies during the Gulf War. The commander-in-chief of the army is directing a battle.

Americans’ simple, convenient and nutritious eating style is worth learning for people on the road.