I am going to study in Zhangye, Gansu this year. I have never been to the northwest before. Want to know the details of clothing, climate and culture in Zhangye area.

1, Zhangye is located in the middle of Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province, China. The origin of Gansu's name "Gan". It covers an area of 42,400 square kilometers and has a population of 6.5438+0.26 million. Han nationality is dominant, and there are 26 ethnic minorities such as Hui, Yugur and Mongolian.

2. Zhangye City is located in the northwest of Gansu Province, in the middle of Hexi Corridor, bordering Wuwei and Jinchang in the east, Jiuquan and Jiayuguan in the west, Qinghai Province in the south and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the north. Six years ago (12 1 year ago), Ding Yuan, the emperor gaozu of the Han Dynasty, established Zhangye County, which means "Zhang Guo embraces the western regions". The Northern Dynasties and the Western Wei Dynasty changed to Ganzhou. The Sui Dynasty restored the county system. This country was founded in the early Tang Dynasty. Ganzhou Road, Yuan Zhi. Ming set up Ganzhou Wei. The Qing Dynasty was the capital of Ganzhou. Zhangye county was established in 1927, and was withdrawn from the county to establish a city in 1985, which was announced by the State Council as the second batch of famous historical and cultural cities and cities open to the outside world. The fourth largest city in Gansu Province. It covers an area of 42,400 square kilometers and has a population of 6,543.8+0.3 million (2065.438+00). Ethnic distribution is dominated by Han nationality, with 26 ethnic groups including Hui, Yugur and Mongolian.

Zhangye is a commodity grain base in Gansu Province, which is rich in wheat, corn, rice, beans, oilseeds, fruits and vegetables. Industries include coal, machinery, textile, wine-making and so on 10. Since ancient times, there have been gold Zhangye and silver Wuwei. There are many places of interest in this city, such as the Great Buddha Temple, Muta Temple, Zhenyuan Building and Heishui State Site.

4. Historical evolution

Zhangye city

This data comes from Baidu map, and the final result is subject to Baidu map data.

1954, the archaeologist Zhimin An discovered the Sibatan site about 4,000 years ago 6 kilometers south of Shandan County, Zhangye City, which belongs to Majiayao cultural type at the end of Neolithic Age. 1984, 1987 Neolithic stone axes and painted pottery were found in the site of "Blackwater Country" in Zhangye. 1In July, 987, the cultural relics team of Gansu Province excavated a large number of ground stone tools, pottery, carbonized particles and teeth bones of pigs, cattle, sheep and deer at Donghuishan site, 3 kilometers northeast of Liuba Township, Minle County, Zhangye City, which proved that the ancestors of Zhangye had been engaged in primitive agricultural production and animal husbandry in the Neolithic Age about 5,000 years ago and could spin with stone balls and stone spinning wheels. According to the records in Shangshu Gong Yu, when China was divided into Kyushu, Zhang Ye belonged to Yongzhou. Before the Han Dynasty (206-220 BC), Yue was the overlord of Dunhuang and Qilian, and Zhangye was its territory. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, Rong and Di once lived here. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Wu Sun and Yue lived in Hexi. Hou Yue lived alone and was driven by Wu Sun. During the Qin and Han dynasties, the northern Xiongnu was powerful, defeated and drove away the Yue people, and Hexi became the territory of the right king of Xiongnu. The east and west of Heihe River were divided by King Xiutu and Evil King Xiongnu respectively. In the second year of founding ceremony, the Emperor of the Western Han Dynasty (before 12 1), Huo Qubing, a general in title of generals in ancient times, marched into Hexi and defeated the Xiongnu, and Xie Hun and Xiutu led the Han Dynasty. Zhang Qian made two missions to the Western Regions, and the Silk Road was opened. In the sixth year of Ding Yuan in Han Dynasty (before 1 1 1), Zhang Guo took the meaning of "covering the western regions with military force" and set up Zhangye County. Since then, large-scale immigrants have begun to reclaim land, station troops, and settle fields, and developed agricultural production, which has promoted the economic and cultural transportation and prosperity of the Central Plains and the Western Regions. "Open up wasteland in fertile fields, put postal services on the main roads, catch up with postal services, go on for a long time, peddle customers, and plug the Japanese money." Zhangye became an important town on the Silk Road. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-8 BC), when they were honored as the secretariat of Zhangye, they paid attention to the development of agriculture and animal husbandry production and made people live and work in peace and contentment. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty records: "Dou Rong occupies Hexi, and the world is uneasy, and Hexi is the only one." "Politics is also generous, dating from top to bottom, and having money." "Settle in the northern land, and those who fled the famine in Shang Jun will never stop coming back." During the Eastern Jin Dynasty (3 17-420), Ju Qumeng Xun established Beiliang State and Du Kang (now Camel City in Gaotai County) in Zhangye. He developed agriculture, promoted Confucianism, expanded cultural exchanges with western countries, inherited and promoted Chinese culture, promoted Buddhism, translated Buddhist scriptures, dug caves, and combined local music, song and dance with Qiuci music to create new music. In the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-535), Qin and Han Ci was introduced into the Central Plains, called Xiliang Music, and became the "national Ci" of the Northern Dynasty. Zhang Ye's Buddhist music was introduced into the Central Plains, and it was called "West Cool and Zhou Bai", which became the Buddhist music of Buddhist temples in the Northern Dynasties. The Western Wei Dynasty abolished the emperor for three years (554 years), and because of Ganquan in China, Zhangye was changed to Ganzhou. In the Sui Dynasty (58 1-6 18), Zhangye (Ganzhou) was developed in commerce and merchants gathered, and Zhangye City, where Zhangye County was located, became an international commercial metropolis. Yang-ti sent Pei Ju, the governor of the western regions, to take charge of the city. Pei Ju presented a map of the western regions to Yang-ti. Great cause for five years (609), Emperor Yang Di went to the Western Ocean, pulled out the valley through a vat (now the ferry), arrived in Zhangye in June, and went to Rouge Mountain to meet the kings and envoys of the twenty-seven countries, with unprecedented pomp. By the Tang Dynasty (6 18-907), agricultural production had been developed vigorously, and "land reclamation, full use of land and water, bumper harvest of rice, dozens of hooves, and accumulation of rations for decades". Hexi's international trade status has reached an unprecedented peak, and Zhangye has become an important place for China's foreign trade. Economic prosperity promotes cultural prosperity. Xuanzang, a famous monk, went to India (Tianzhu) to learn Buddhist scriptures through Zhang Ye. Chen Ziang, a poet, was ordered to inspect Zhang Ye, and wrote "The Warlord". When Wang Wei, Gao Shi and Ma stayed in Ganzhou, they all left famous poems. After Ganzhou music "Boluomen Buddha Country" was introduced into the court, Tang Xuanzong changed it to "Dressing and Dancing Music". After the frontier songs in Ganzhou flowed into the Central Plains, they became Jiao Fang Daqu, and the epigrams and qupai named after Ganzhoupo, Ganzhouzi, Klang Ganzhou and Ganzhouqu were widely circulated. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Zhangye had close ties with the Central Plains and the Western Regions, and developed trade with each other. With the exchange of monks, Buddhist culture has been further exchanged. In the sixth year of Tiansheng in the Northern Song Dynasty (1028), the Tangut leader Li Yuanhao defeated Ganzhou and established Xixia. Inheriting the tradition of Han culture, we continued to build water conservancy, develop agriculture, set up education, respect Buddhism and Taoism, and built a large-scale Buddhist temple-the Great Buddha Temple. In the Yuan Dynasty (1279- 1368), Gansu was the provincial capital and Zhangye was the capital. Yuan Shizu Kublai Khan personally summoned the doctor Dong Wen to cultivate rice fields in Ganzhou, imitating the method of planting rice in Ningxia. Zhahuncang, the largest granary in Gansu, is built in the city and supplies all kinds of rations. Ganzhou has become the post road center of Hexi Corridor and the entrepot city of tea foreign trade, with convenient trade routes and frequent commodity transactions. Italian traveler Kyle Poirot stopped in Ganzhou for a year on his way to Shangdu. In Marco Polo's Travels, he described the wealth of Zhang Ye, the scale of the city and the grandeur of religious temples. In Ming dynasty (1368- 1644), Zhangye was the capital of Shaanxi province and the seat of Gansu town. The Ming dynasty vigorously developed culture and education, and built a number of schools and academies, which made Ganzhou literati come forth in large numbers. A large number of mainland immigrants settled in the land and built water conservancy projects, which greatly developed agricultural production. A large number of military facilities, such as the Great Wall, were built in Ganzhou to consolidate the border defense and form a complete military defense system. Ganzhou is still a military base in the northwest and a political, military and economic center in Hexi. Business continued to prosper, becoming the largest distribution center of livestock products in northwest China. Shanxi merchants and business gangs from Shaanxi, Shandong and Shi Jing gathered in Ganzhou to establish a guild hall. The Ming government used merchants from Shanxi and Shaanxi to transport grain and tea to Ganzhou, enriched border storage and developed tea-horse trade. In the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), Zhang Qian was the secretariat of Ganzhou, the commander-in-chief of Gansu, and controlled the commanders of Liangzhou, Suzhou, Xining and Ningxia. Ganzhou was the military dispatch center and logistics supply base for all military operations in the west of Qing Dynasty. During this period, businessmen from all over the country gathered in Zhangye (Ganzhou) to set up business clubs, such as Shanxi Club, Shaanxi Club, Zhidong Club (Hebei, Shandong and Henan), Liangzhou Club, Fan Zhen (Minqin) Club, Hunan Club and Henan Club. The trade activities of major business groups spread to Xinjiang, Mongolia and other vast areas in the northwest, and Ganzhou became the commercial center and daily necessities transit wholesale market in Hexi. In the Qing Dynasty, culture and education flourished. Set up voluntary schools, social schools and private schools in urban and rural areas; There are many folk martial arts, and the people practice martial arts. Over the past century, more than 20 Wu Jinshi have been produced, and more than 100 Wu Juren have been produced. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, when Wang Zhizuo, a native of Zhangye, was studying in Japan, he joined the League led by Sun Yat-sen and publicized revolutionary ideas after returning home. His "A Letter to Ma Anliang" openly supported Wuchang Uprising, supported * * * and abolished the imperial system, and swept the whole province. The Silk Road and Zhangye Ancient Silk Road started from Chang 'an (now Xi 'an) and passed through Hexi Corridor to Xinjiang. Then continue westward to India, Persia, Greece and the Roman Empire. The Silk Road originated in the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Zhang Qian made two missions to the Western Regions in BC 138 and BC 165438, which opened up a route connecting the Central Plains and the Western Regions. Later, this route became the main transportation route from the Central Plains to the Western Regions and countries in Central Asia and West Asia. During the Eastern Han Dynasty (26-220), the commercial trade between the mainland and the western regions gradually flourished. China silk was transported to the western regions through Zhangye and exported to Daxia, Rest in Peace, Daqin and even the Mediterranean coastal areas. Silk production is a great invention of China people. The export of silk and the introduction of silk reeling technology into the west are great contributions of ancient China to world civilization. /kloc-In the 9th century, Hithoven, a German historical geographer, proposed to name this road after silk, which was widely recognized by the people. The world-famous Silk Road is a road of friendship between ancient East and West in politics, economy and culture, and Zhangye, located in the throat of Hexi Corridor, is the hub of the Silk Road. During the Western Wei Dynasty (535-556), caravans from the western regions gathered in Zhangye, where coins from the Eastern Roman Empire and Persia could be traded, making Zhangye an international trade city. In the Sui Dynasty (58 1-6 18), Zhangye became the base camp of Hexi and the western regions, and ethnic trade was extremely active. In 609 AD, Yang Di went to the Western Regions and personally hosted a "mutual market" in Zhangye attended by envoys and businessmen from 27 countries in the Western Regions. Since then, Zhangye's trade has become increasingly prosperous, from a transit point for Sino-Western trade to a window for foreign trade and opening up.

5. Zhangye has a continental climate, characterized by dryness and little rain, with an average annual temperature of 6℃, the coldest in 1 month and the hottest in July. June to September is the best tourist season of the year. Edit the geology and geomorphology of this part.

Zhangye is bordered by Qilian Mountain in the south, Heli Mountain and Longshou Mountain in the north, and Heihe River runs through the whole territory, forming a unique desert oasis scene. The area is flat and fertile, rich in forests and fruits. Snow-capped mountains, grasslands, clear water and deserts are in harmony, with both southern charm and frontier customs. Therefore, there is a famous saying, "If you don't look at the snow in Qilian Mountain, you will mistake Ganzhou for Jiangnan."

6. Famous scenic spots: Danxia landform, Zhangye Wetland Park Sunan Horseshoe Temple, Zhangye Big Buddha Temple, Zhangye Muta Temple, Shandan Army Racecourse, Shandan Xinhe Post House Station, Zhangye Ganquan Park, Zhangye Hexi College, Zhangye Zhenyuan Building, Sunan Kanglong Temple Hunting Ground, Zhangye Forest Park, Zhangye Dongdashan, Longshou Mountain, Daoxiang Temple, Ganzhou Ancient Pagoda, Zhuge Building, Dongshan Temple and Xiwudang.

Zhangye scenery and related pictures (20 photos) Zhangye city has many places of interest, rich tourism resources, unique cultural landscape and different forms. The ancient buildings are beautifully constructed and colorful, with the beautiful scenery of "one lake and green hills, half city towers, continuous reeds and ancient temples everywhere". There are ancient buildings such as the Great Buddha Temple, Xilai Temple, Earth Pagoda, Zhenyuan Building, Shanxi Guild Hall, Zhangye Granary in Ming Dynasty, and historical footprints such as Heishui State Site, Han Group, Ancient City Wall and Great Wall. There are also beautiful natural landscapes such as Ganquan Park, desert park, Heihe Mountain Villa and Dayekou Natural Scenic Area, which integrate the scenery beyond the Great Wall with the beautiful scenery in the south. Among them, the wooden pagoda in Sui Dynasty, Zhenyuan Tower in Ming Dynasty and Heishui State Site are well-known at home and abroad, especially the well-preserved Xixia Buddhist Temple, which is famous at home and abroad for its exquisite architectural art and the largest indoor reclining Buddha in China. The 35-meter-long reclining Buddha in the Buddhist Temple is the largest indoor reclining Buddha in China and a national key cultural relic protection unit. The book "The Three Monks of Daming, the Holy Religion of Northern Tibet" collected by the Municipal Museum is the most complete printed Buddhist scriptures of the Ming Dynasty in China at present. Among them, the 600-volume Grand Prajna Paramita Sutra written in clay gold has high historical and artistic value, and has the reputation of "Zhangye Golden Sutra, the soul treasure of the country". Zhenyuan building in the city center is magnificent in shape and coordinated in proportion, which can be compared with Xi' an bell tower; The 32.8-meter-high nine-story wooden pagoda in Sui Dynasty has always been regarded as a symbol of the ancient city because of its exquisite structure and spectacular appearance. Main scenic spots in Zhangye: Horseshoe Temple, Big Buddha Temple, Zhangye Muta Temple, Zhangye Danxia Landform, Dan Jun Racecourse, Shandan Xinhe Post House Station Ganquan Park, Hexi College, Zhenyuanlou, Sunan Kanglong Temple Hunting Ground, Zhangye Forest Park, Dongshanshan Longshou Mountain, Daoxiang Temple, Ganzhou Ancient Pagoda, Zhuge Building, Dongshan Temple, West Wudang Mountain Heishui State Site, Xusanwan City and Tomb of Han Group. Famous tourist area: Shandan Military Racecourse is famous far and near, and it has painted a beautiful picture with unique western characteristics. It is located in Damaying Grassland, Qilian Mountain, 55 kilometers south of Shandan County, Zhangye District. It is the oldest racetrack in the world, the largest in Asia and the second largest in the world. Shandan Military Racecourse is flat, rich in aquatic plants, green in summer and golden in winter, which is an ideal place for horses to breed and grow. Horses were kept here as early as 3000 years ago. Since the Western Han Dynasty, based on the local Mongolian horses, various thoroughbred horses have been introduced from the western regions, and the hybrid breeding of Shandan horses is world-famous, so it has become the breeding base of royal military horses in past dynasties and has been enduring for a long time. Shandan horse is well-proportioned, stout, energetic, resistant to rough feeding, good adaptability, excellent speed and endurance, and is a good horse for carrying and riding. There are more than ten thousand horses at present. After arriving at Damaying, tourists continue to drive 50 kilometers eastward to arrive at the military horse farm, where they can hold horse riding, camping, horse racing or equestrian performances and visit natural scenic spots. Zhangye City, located in the middle of Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province, was one of the four counties in Hexi in ancient times, which means "breaking the Xiongnu's arm and opening China". Zhang Ye, nourished by Heihe River, the second largest inland river in China, gave birth to a vast oasis and Hexi Corridor culture. There are unique natural landscapes, beautiful original ecological urban wetlands, magnificent and colorful Danxia landforms, the most beautiful rape sea in China, the largest Wan Ma Benteng in Asia, unique Yugur customs, Qilian Mountain grassland scenery, desert glacier wonders ... snow-capped mountains, glaciers, forests, grasslands, lakes, clear water and deserts are in harmony, with both southern charm and frontier customs. Recently, a little-known landform landscape-Danxia landform group of Qilian Mountain in Zhangye was discovered here. The Danxia landform group found at present is located at the northern foot of Qilian Mountain, with Baiyin Township in Sunan Yugur Autonomous County as the center, with the east longitude of 99 30' ~100 20' and the north latitude of 38; Between 40' and 3910', the altitude is between 2000 meters and 3800 meters, the east-west length is about 40 kilometers, and the north-south width is about 5- 10 kilometers, with a distribution area of more than 300 square kilometers. Thousands of cliffs and peaks are bright red and reddish brown, which set off their own charm and present a wonderful style of "color like lotus, brilliant bloom", carving Qilian Mountain into a strange peak, full of mountains and plains, colorful. The local minorities call this peculiar mountain scenery "Alalagda" (meaning red mountain). Zhangye Danxia landform is located in Nantaizi Village, Nijiaying, Linze, 40 kilometers away from Zhangye City. There is a unique, colorful and magnificent Danxia landform in the hilly area of Fiona Fang 100 square meter. Danxia refers to isolated peaks and steep rocks formed by long-term weathering and stripping of red glutenite and flowing water erosion. The Danxia landform here developed from pre-Jurassic to Tertiary about 2 million years ago. The Danxia landform in Zhangye is widely distributed, with spectacular scenes, strange shapes and bright colors. It is the most typical and largest Danxia landform landscape in arid areas of China, with high scientific research value and tourism ornamental value. Zhangye's Danxia landform is concentrated in Linze and Sunan counties, covering an area of more than 300 square kilometers. It is one of the regions with the largest and best landform development and the richest landform modeling in China. Staggered mountains, steep rock walls, magnificent and colorful forms, there are wonderful landscapes such as colorful gorge, colorful tower, colorful screen, colorful training, colorful lake, colorful fan, sea of fire and knife mountain. Edit this special snack.

Zhangye's snacks are also very famous, such as rubbing caviar, pulling strips, minced meat noodles, sandwiched skin, stir-frying, Lamian Noodles, fish meal local snacks, and local snacks such as Lanzhou Lamian Noodles, braised mutton, braised mutton rolls, braised chicken rolls, Xinjiang mutton kebabs, Sichuan Mala Tang, and Shaanxi Chinese hamburger. On the basis of maintaining the traditional taste, add the characteristics of Zhangye to ensure that you will have an endless aftertaste. In addition, Zhangye's bean curd, grey bean soup, fermented glutinous rice, racecourse yogurt and other special drinks are also the favorite of Zhangye people. In Zhangye, as long as it is a banquet, a special dish named "China Northwest Cuisine" will be served. Beneath the delicious pork are meatballs and tofu balls symbolizing good luck, dotted with tender scrambled eggs, fungus and vegetables. It's delicious. There are all kinds of braised pork, braised chicken feet, and other snacks, bean jelly and fish meal, which will make people linger in this city. Because it is located in the northwest and sunny, the melons and fruits here are rich and sweet. Every summer and autumn, fruits and vegetables are transported to other places, which increases the income of Zhangye people. The most famous wine in Zhangye is wine. Because Zhangye's latitude is very similar to that of France, and it has the same natural conditions for brewing wine, Zhangye's wine history is also relatively long. The famous sentence: "Night glass of grape wine, want to drink pipa immediately" is about Dunhuang in ancient times. Nowadays, the dry red wine of Guofeng Liquor Company of Binhe Group has become the red wine for state banquet, and the ice white wine of Qilian Liquor Industry in Gansu Province has also won the world-class prize, which is the flag of China ice white wine!