What are the advantages and disadvantages of Golden Week tourism in China?

First, the advantages and disadvantages of the "Golden Week"

Since the National Day of 1999, the three seven-day long holidays, namely Spring Festival, Labor Day and National Day, in China have witnessed an unprecedented holiday tourism craze, initially forming a holiday economy with tourism as the main factor, which has become a new social, economic and cultural phenomenon in China, and also enabled citizens (mainly urban residents who account for more than13 of the national population) to start a novel leisure way.

The "Golden Week" holiday triggered a tourism boom, and people clearly saw its positive impact and talked a lot:

—— It has promoted the matching combination of transportation, information, scenic spots, accommodation, catering, shopping, entertainment, security and other service facilities, promoted the adjustment and optimization of tourism products (such as launching domestic holiday products and forming a leisure belt around the city), and accelerated the transformation of tourism consumption from a single sightseeing type to a sightseeing holiday type.

-Expand the leisure consumption demand of urban residents, promote the construction of transportation and passenger transport, network telecommunications, catering and retail, finance and insurance, cultural relics, leisure and entertainment, sports and fitness, agriculture and forestry, urban construction, gardens and other related industries/departments, stimulate domestic demand and promote national economic growth.

-Speeding up the development and construction of cold and warm tourist destinations, promoting the flow of people, consumption, capital and information from central cities to remote areas, and promoting the development of suburbs, rural areas and mountainous areas.

-Aroused the tourism awareness of the people, mainly urban residents, enriched their leisure life and improved their quality of life.

-Establish top-down holiday coordination agencies at all levels of government, and start the city holiday tourism information system. It promotes the formation of "grand tourism" pattern and improves the service, coordination and management level of tourism.

However, the negative effects of the "Golden Week" tourism fever should not be underestimated. The synchronization of production and consumption of tourism products and the non-storability derived from it determine that correctly handling the contradiction between the perennial rigidity of tourism supply and the elasticity of tourism demand period has always been one of the keys to the healthy growth of tourism economy. When the "Golden Week" system was not implemented, this contradiction was mainly manifested in the off-season caused by natural climate in some places. The situation in the past three years shows that after the implementation of the "Golden Week" system, the contradiction between the perennial and stability of artificial tourism supply facilities and the concentration and jumping of tourism demand during the "Golden Week" is more prominent. The supply shortage during the "Golden Week" and the repeated supply surplus after the "Golden Week" will damage the resources, environment, management and consumption base of China's tourism sustainable development in the long run.

-Famous scenic spots, whether natural, historical or newly built, are almost full of traffic during the "Golden Week", and there are few cars and horses after the holiday. Especially for world heritage, national security and national treasure scenic spots, overloaded reception and management will undoubtedly accelerate the loss of resources and environmental damage, and seriously damage the protection and sustainable utilization of tourism resources.

-Traveling during the "Golden Week", the scenic spots are crowded, which not only leads to the decline of tourism quality, but also increases the insecurity. If this continues, it will definitely dampen the enthusiasm of ordinary people for sustainable tourism consumption.

-If the tourist supply facilities such as transportation and accommodation are built according to the demand of "Golden Week", it will inevitably lead to perennial surplus; If we can't meet the concentrated demand of "Golden Week", it will inevitably lead to full rooms and traffic congestion. The former causes the operating loss of the enterprise, while the latter causes the destructive operation of the enterprise, both of which also lead to the increase of the operating cost. This dilemma makes tourism enterprises fall into the predicament of meager profit or even loss for a long time, which damages the sustainable management foundation of tourism enterprises.

-If administrative price-fixing measures are not taken during the Golden Week, consumer prices will rise or even skyrocket, causing dissatisfaction among tourists; However, this administrative price limit violates the law of supply and demand and does not conform to the law of market economy. Sudden overload supply during the "Golden Week" will inevitably increase the operating costs of enterprises (energy, equipment loss, labor costs). If the price is forcibly limited, it will inevitably affect the short-term interests and long-term interests of enterprise groups. This contradiction will inevitably become more and more prominent under the condition of fully moving towards the market economy system.

-The concentrated consumption of tourism, entertainment, catering and shopping during the Golden Week made the consumer market hot for a while, but the total social consumption was basically a constant in a certain period of time. The rapid growth of consumption during the holiday season is always accompanied by a sharp drop in temperature after the holiday. From the long-term perspective of the whole society, the concentrated or advanced consumption in several short periods (which is easy to form low quality and high price) can not fundamentally stimulate and expand the total consumption. This kind of surprise consumption cannot lay a solid foundation for the long-term, stable and sustainable consumption of the people.

The statistical results of the last three years show that the per capita tourism consumption during the "Golden Week" is almost lower than that of the whole year. In 2000 and 20001year, the absolute growth value and average annual growth rate of total domestic tourism revenue and per capita expenditure were lower than 1997 and 1998. From Table 1, Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4, it can be seen that the "Golden Week" concentrated vacation has a certain promotion effect on improving the per capita tourism expenditure of urban residents and the growth of people's travel rate (in contrast, it has little influence on the travel rate of rural residents), but it has no obvious promotion effect on the overall growth of the national tourism economy.

-The "Golden Week" provided conditions for China citizens to travel abroad. However, at present, the rush trip concentrated in three periods is mainly concentrated in Hong Kong, Macao and several countries in Southeast Asia, which also brings great pressure to the operators and reception places of outbound tourism. The result of the law of supply and demand will inevitably lead to the increase of tourism prices and the decline of service quality, which will inevitably affect the interests of outbound tourists and is not conducive to the healthy development of emerging outbound tourism.

—— Around the three "Golden Weeks", the national tourism and related administrative departments have made every effort to coordinate, manage, supervise and inspect to ensure foolproof. Because it has a strong "political" and "sports" color, I am used to administrative means, and it will be quite effective for a while. This industry management mode is quite different from the requirements of joining WTO and cultivating market economy. In the long run, it is not conducive to the transformation of government functions and management methods, nor to the development of the market and the growth of enterprises.

-Three "Golden Weeks" were uniformly implemented throughout the country, and government agencies, enterprises and institutions suspended their work for nearly one month a year. This state is not conducive to the normal, efficient and stable operation of government agencies, does not meet the requirements of the rapid and sustained operation of modern economy, finance and information systems, and especially brings a lot of inconvenience to foreign companies and foreign activities. After China's accession to the World Trade Organization, foreign trade and cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries have become increasingly frequent, and the negative impact of three national holidays a year on government affairs, commerce, production, cultural and educational activities will become increasingly prominent.

In the next 5 ~ 10 and 20 years, with the country entering a well-off society in an all-round way and basically realizing modernization, domestic tourism and outbound tourism will develop in an all-round, sustained and rapid way. According to the Tenth Five-Year Plan of China's tourism industry and the forecast of 20 15 and 2020, by 2009, 20 10, 20 15 and 2020, Domestic tourism will reach 1 10 billion ~1500 million,1500 million ~1500 million. For a big country with a population of nearly1300 million, if