Jin Culture’s Eight Major Tourism Culture Brands of Jin Culture

The eight major cultural brands of Jin culture refer to: the roots of China, Buddhist culture, the soul of the Yellow River, the homes of Shanxi merchants, frontier customs, the hometown of Guan Gong, ancient buildings and treasures, and the eight major tourism culture brands of Taihang. , mountains and rivers inside and outside, outstanding people. Shanxi is one of the regions with the longest and most complete history of Chinese civilization. Starting from the Paleolithic Age of prehistoric civilization, Shanxi has connected the Chinese civilization for five thousand years. Its historical and cultural context is clear, its framework is complete, and the civilization process has never been interrupted. It is far-reaching and has 35,000 cultural relics and historic sites, including 119 national-level cultural relics protection units, ranking first in the country. The integrity, advancement and artistry of Shanxi's history and culture have played an important role in the formation of the spirit, customs and habits of the Chinese nation, and have exerted great radiation, penetration and influence on the five thousand years of Chinese civilization history. The three major features of "Chinese Civilization Theme Park", "Museum of Ancient Oriental Art", and "Think Tank of Chinese Social Change and Progress" form the profound connotation and rich cultural heritage of "Chinese Civilization in Shanxi".

During the Warring States Period, Han, Zhao, and Wei were divided into Jin Dynasties and quickly became three powerful kingdoms. In that special historical period when princes were constantly fighting and hundreds of schools of thought were contending, the activities of Han, Zhao, and Wei Directly affecting the development process of China, the Three Jin Dynasties staged Li Kui's reform, Wei Wenhou's reform, Ximen Bao's rule in Ye, Zhang Yi's control of the world, Hu Fu's riding and shooting, encircling Wei to save Zhao, the Battle of Changping and other exciting and powerful scenes. Historical drama.

Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, Shanxi has written a glorious chapter of the great integration of the Chinese nation. From a certain perspective, the history of Shanxi is a history of national integration. Since ancient times, Shanxi has been a natural channel for the intersection and integration of ethnic cultures from the Central Plains and the north. It is also the frontier zone where the farming economy of the Central Plains and the nomadic economy of the north collide. Shanxi has always played the role of a melting pot of nationalities and written a glorious chapter of national integration.

In ancient times, the countries in the Central Plains were called Huaxia due to their economic and cultural advantages, and other ethnic groups adjacent to them or living in mixed communities were regarded as Rongdi barbarians. As the Chinese countries became increasingly powerful, Xirong was destroyed by Qin, Chidi and Baidi were destroyed by Jin, Qi destroyed Laiyi, and most of the small Huaiyi countries were destroyed by Chu and Lu. The Rongdi barbarians gradually accepted the more advanced The Chinese culture gradually merged with the Chinese people. During the Western Han Dynasty, the ethnic integration with the Xiongnu was promoted through policies such as military attacks, peace and trade, etc. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a severe drought in the northern grasslands, and the Xiongnu divided into two groups. The southern Xiongnu attached themselves to the Han Dynasty and moved south into the Fenhe River Basin in Shanxi. At the beginning of Jian'an, Cao Cao divided the Xiongnu into five tribes, each living in Shanxi, with a total of about 200,000 people. During the two Jin Dynasties, the scale of ethnic integration escalated again. The Xiongnu invaded the country on four large scales, and there were as many as 19 types of immigrant tribes. In particular, the Taiyuan area became a concentration of immigrants. At the same time, there are Jie people, Xianbei people, Qiang people, Di people and others living in Shanxi. During the Sixteen Kingdoms period, Shanxi was an area where conflicts were concentrated. Various ethnic groups dominated each other and wars continued. However, ethnic integration and cultural integration also intensified. The Sanjin culture has been enriched with fresh blood due to ethnic integration, and people of all ethnic groups have contributed to the development of Chinese civilization in the process of Sinicization.

The Dahuai immigrants during the Song and Ming dynasties are a spiritual symbol of the Chinese nation’s hard work and patriotism. According to research by scholars, there were immigrants from Shanxi in the Southern Song Dynasty. However, in the Hongwu and Yongle dynasties of the early Ming Dynasty, the scale of immigration was large and frequent, reaching more than 20 times and lasting as long as 50 years. The Ming Dynasty set up a bureau under the big locust tree in Hongdong to register the immigrants and issue Sichuan capital certificates. After the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development followed the registration process, the military governorate sent troops to escort them to settle in various provinces, states and counties. Immigrants not only come from Hongdong, but also from all over Shanxi Province. The destination is particularly far-reaching, covering 30 provinces and cities and 2,217 counties and cities in China. The big locust tree has become a symbol of the immigrant gathering place. The descendants of immigrants from all over the world recognize the big locust tree as the place where their ancestors came from.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, wars raged between the Yangtze and Huaihe Rivers in the Central Plains, which greatly damaged productivity. Countless people were killed and injured, the city walls were in ruins, the countryside was dilapidated, and there were floods, droughts, and locust plagues. Huaihei, Shandong, Hebei, and Henan , the people of Hubei died seventy-eight out of ten, "there is only one living person left in a hundred, there is no rooster crow for thousands of miles", "the spring swallows have no shelter when they return, and there are few people inhabiting the red land for thousands of miles". Due to the dangerous terrain of Shanxi, wars in neighboring provinces rarely affect Shanxi. Most areas in the province have good weather, good harvests year after year, social stability, economic prosperity, and a prosperous population. In order to consolidate power and restore production, the Ming court adopted measures to revitalize agriculture centered on immigration to reclaim wasteland, and designated Guangji Temple in Hongdong County as a place for immigrants. The immigrants from the big locust tree worked hard in various places, weeding weeds and setting up markets. Gradually, the population became more dense, the department stores were crowded, there was surplus food in the fields, and the people had no food. They made great contributions to the economic development and revitalization of people's livelihood in various places. The descendants of later generations of immigrants also traveled abroad, and in modern times many people went overseas to make a living. Therefore, the descendants of Chinese at home and abroad all regard the big locust tree as their ancestral home, commemorating the hard work of their ancestors and expressing their patriotism and love for their hometown. The large locust tree planted by the Han Dynasty in front of Guangji Temple has been closely connected with immigrants. It has become the root of immigrants, synonymous with ancestors, and a source of stimulating the cohesion of the Chinese nation.

Shanxi has a natural barrier in the east, the Yellow River in the west and south, and the Great Wall in the north. The six mountain ranges of Taihang, Hengshan, Wutai, Taiyue, Zhongtiao and Luliang undulate in a criss-cross direction, with hills and basins scattered all over the country. The plateaus are connected to each other, the terrain is steep, there are many passes, and the situation is natural. There are mountains and rivers inside and outside. According to them, you can stay high up. Going east, you can take the Hebei and Henan Plains, going south, you can compete with the Central Plains, and going west, you can peek into the Guanzhong. Since ancient times, it has been a battleground for military strategists and nationalities. A place of fusion and cultural excitement, it presents a unique frontier fortress style.

More than 5,000 years ago, the first large-scale war in Chinese history broke out in Jiezhou, Hedong. The Huangdi tribe defeated the Yandi tribe and the Jiuli tribe successively, forming the Chinese nation. Ancient war sites include the ancient sites of the "Battle of Changping", the largest battle in the late Warring States period, the famous Yanmen Pass, Ningwuguan, and Piantou Pass that are full of historical legends, and the Jin Dynasty where the killings were loud and corpses were everywhere. The ancient beach battlefield includes the Shanyin Han Tombs, which contain the remains of thousands of border guards of the Han Dynasty, as well as the Yang Family General Ancestral Hall in Daixian County, the Jianninghua Ancient City of Ningwu Song Dynasty, Xinguang Wucheng and Jiuguang Wucheng et al. Many famous generals in ancient times such as Lian Po and Li Mu in the Warring States Period; Wei Qing, Huo Qubing, and Li Guang in the Han Dynasty; Guan Yu and Zhang Liao in the Three Kingdoms Period; Yu Chigong and Xue Rengui in the Tang Dynasty; Yang Ye, Yang Jiajiang, and Di Qing in the Song Dynasty were all from Shanxi. Together with the Great Wall, they interpret the history of the nation and cast the soul of the nation. They are the inexhaustible source of culture in Shanxi and even the Great Wall. Guse Taihang - ancient human civilization. Taihang Mountain is an immortal monument to human history. As early as ancient times, humans have thrived in this fertile soil. It was here that the Yan Emperor Shennong, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, completed the great changes in human history from nomadic to settled, from fishing and hunting to farming. Taihang Mountain is also called Queen Mother Mountain, also known as Nuwa Mountain. It is home to myths and legends such as "Shen Nong Tasted Hundreds of Valleys", "King of Grains Filled the Sea", "Shen Lu Farming", "Yi Shoots Nine Days", "Nu Wa Mends the Sky" and so on. Happened here. According to legend, Chi You, the leader of Jiuli tribe, Yao, Shun and Yu all lived here. The main stage of Nuwa's activities is in the Taihang Mountains of Shanxi. There are many remains of Nuwa, such as the "Wangtiantai" in Tiantai Mountain in Changzhi where Nuwa "refined stones to mend the sky"; in the North Valley of Fushan Mountain in Jincheng, there is a site where Nuwa "refined stones to mend the sky". The "Wahuang Grotto" in the eldest son's Fajiu Mountain has the remains of Nuwa's "Jingwei reclamation"; the Guangzhi Mountain in Licheng has the "Wahuang Temple" where Nuwa visited, etc.

Taihang Mountain has a long history, not only ancient human civilization, but also rich cultural treasures. The famous Chinese historical and cultural cities on both sides of the Taihang Mountains exude the charm of antiquity, leaving behind the footprints of emperors and generals, dignitaries and wise men, literary and military heroes, religious celebrities, and miraculous doctors and craftsmen of all dynasties. "I can't eat when I stop to drink and throw chopsticks. I draw my sword and look around at a loss. If I want to cross the Yellow River and the river is blocked by ice, I will climb the Taihang Mountains covered with snow." The poet Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty once recited the poem "The Journey is Difficult"; Cao Cao, the Prime Minister of Wei in the Three Kingdoms, was on his journey to the north. He also wrote about the desolation and lamentation of "going north to the Taihang Mountains, how difficult it is and how majestic it is, the Yangchangsaka is tortuous, and the wheels are destroyed by it." The insights of the ancestors have added a bit of mystery and confusion to Taihang Mountain, from the Zhuolu War in Jiezhou, Shanxi to the Xia and Shang in Chinese history, from the princes of the Jin State to the creation of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, from the Spring and Autumn Jin State to the separation of the Three Jin Dynasties, from From the Battle of Changping to the unification of the Qin Dynasty, historical dramas of ups and downs were staged in Shanxi. The solidification of history has made Shanxi account for 72% of the country's above-ground ancient buildings, and more than 80% of these 72% are in the Taihang Mountains.