What should you pay attention to when camping in the East Zhejiang Grand Canyon?

What should I pay attention to when camping in the Grand Canyon in East Zhejiang?

Answer: It is almost late autumn when traveling, so you should first pay attention to keeping warm when camping.

In addition, the following suggestions are based on common sense: Tent camping is the main camping method for various outdoor activities such as wild travel and mountaineering adventures, and it is also a camping method that deserves to be actively promoted.

Its characteristics:

First of all, it is the closest to nature. There is no way to be closer to nature than sleeping in a tent. Think about it, the earth is under you instead of some Simmons or wire bed. and the cement floor. When you open the door, you will see everything in nature. There is no concrete building blocking your view. This is the real return to nature;

Secondly, it is a home that allows you to live at ease, as long as there are three square meters under your feet. With a small amount of flat land, you can build a "home" big enough for two people to live in, and the lightest tent weighs only about 1 kilogram. As long as you have it by your side, you will have a house that can provide shade, shelter from wind and rain. It can also help to avoid wind, snow, cold current, etc. It is a close companion for our outdoor travel. With it, we can travel with peace of mind;

The third is an economical camping method. Traveling abroad saves the most accommodation. The cost is the accommodation tent. You can calculate it: a good tent should cost about 450 yuan (can accommodate 3 people). If it is used with care, it can be used at least 50 times (nights), so the per capita cost is only 3 yuan. Around 3 yuan a night is very cheap, so staying in a tent is cost-effective and hygienic.

Of course, these benefits come at the cost of upfront investment and effort in a harness.

Selection of camping sites

The selection and construction of camping sites is a major issue related to the rest of all personnel. The selection of campsites is very particular. The following are things to note:

Close to water: Camping and resting are inseparable from water, and proximity is the first factor when choosing a campsite.

Therefore, when choosing a campsite, you should choose one close to streams, lakes, and rivers for easy access to water. However, you cannot set up camp on the river beach. There are power plants in the upper reaches of some rivers. During the impoundment period, the river beach is wide and the water flow is small. Once the water is released, the river beach will be full, including some streams, which are usually small. Once there is a heavy rain, there may be floods. When floods or flash floods occur, you must pay attention to prevent this problem, especially in the rainy season and flash flood-prone areas.

Leeward: When camping in the wild, you must consider the leeward problem, especially in some valleys and river beaches, you should choose a leeward place to camp. Also pay attention to the direction of the tent door so that it does not face the wind. Being leeward also considers safety and convenience when using fire.

Far cliff: When camping, do not camp under the cliff. This is very dangerous. Once there is strong wind on the mountain, stones and other objects may be blown off, causing casualties.

Near the village: If the camp is close to the village, you can ask the villagers for help if there is an emergency. This is even more important when there is no firewood, vegetables, food, etc. Being close to the village is also a shortcut, that is, close to the road, which facilitates the movement and transfer of the team.

Shade: If it is a camp where you need to live for more than two days, you should choose a shady place to camp under good weather conditions, such as under a big tree or on the north side of a mountain, preferably facing the sun. , instead of the setting sun. This way, if you rest during the day, the tent won’t be too stuffy.

Lightning protection: During the rainy season or in lightning-prone areas, the camp must not be set up on high ground, under tall trees or on relatively isolated flat ground. It's easy to get struck by lightning.

Building a campground

After choosing a campground, you need to build a campground. Especially for wild camping sites of a certain scale, the construction of the entire camp is particularly important, which is divided into the following steps:

Leveling the site: Clean the selected tent area and remove stones, shrubs, etc. Anything that is uneven, thorny, or pointed. The uneven places can be filled with soil or grass. If it is a sloping land, it can generally be used as a camping site as long as the slope does not exceed 10 degrees.

Site zoning: A complete camp should be divided into tent camping area, fire area, dining area, entertainment area, water area (washing), sanitary area and other areas. The first thing to do is to implement the camping site. The fire area should be clear of fire hazards and should be 0 to 15 meters above ground to prevent sparks from burning the tent. The dining area should be close to the fire area for cooking and dining. The activity and entertainment area should be located downwind of the dining area to prevent moving dust from contaminating tableware and other items, and should be 15 to 20 meters away from the tent area to reduce the impact on companions who go to bed early. The sanitary area should be downwind of the camping area and keep a certain distance from the dining area and activity area. The water use area should be divided into upper and lower sections on streams and rivers. The upper section is the edible drinking water area, and the lower section is the domestic water area.

Constructing a tent camping area: If there are several tents in the tent camping area, when arranging the tents, you should pay attention to: First, all tents should be in the same direction, that is, the tent doors should open in one direction and be side by side. layout. 2. There should be a distance of no less than 1 meter between tents, and try not to tie tent wind-resistant ropes unless necessary to avoid tripping people. 3. Warning lines (ditches) should be set up when necessary. Sleeping in the mountains may lead to attacks by threatening animals or bad people. Of course, this possibility is very small. You can use lime, tar and other irritating substances to draw a circle around the tent area outside the tent area to prevent the intrusion of snakes and other reptiles. Or use electronic alarm systems and other methods.

Build a fire dining area: Dining and fire are usually in the same place or in a similar place. This area should be at a certain distance from the tent area to prevent sparks from burning the tent. The cooking area should preferably be a place with earth or stone ridges so that the stove can be dug and built. The collected firewood should be piled outside the area or upwind. It is best to have a piece of grass in the dining area for everyone to sit around. The "dining table" can be a large flat stone or just on the ground. The "dining chair" is also best made of stones, or you can sit on the floor. Since the earth's atmosphere is harmful to the human body, you can use your own sleeping mat or air pillow instead. Don't be afraid of trouble, at least use a raincoat or plastic sheet. It is already dark during most dining times. The location of the lighting should be considered. Whether it is a gas lamp or other lighting methods, the lamp should be placed in a location that can illuminate a larger area, such as hanging the lamp on a tree or placing it on a stone platform. or make a light stand to hang it up.

Building a water intake area: Water use and intake are generally at the water source. Washing water and drinking water should be separated. If it is running water, drinking water should be in the upstream, and washing and domestic water should be in the downstream. If it is a lake, it must also be separated. The distance between the two water places should be more than 10 meters. This division is due to hygienic needs. In addition, there are many rocks and shrubs in the riverbank area where water needs to be collected, and there are no trails to find. Therefore, you should pay attention to clearing it during the day, otherwise it will be inconvenient to collect water at night.

Build a sanitary area: The sanitary area is a convenient place for team members to relieve themselves. If you only stay for one night, there is no need to dig a special latrine. You can just designate a convenient place for men and women. If there are a large number of team members or the stay lasts for more than two days, a latrine should be dug and the temporary toilet should be built in a place with dense trees, so there is no need to draw a curtain. You should also be careful not to build it in a place where pedestrians often pass by. If there are many streams nearby, the toilet can be built on the stream. Two large logs should be built on top of the stream. The building should be stable and safe. Everyone can relieve themselves on it, and the toilet can be discharged directly into the stream. Don't worry about polluting the river. Small amounts of feces will be decomposed by organisms in the river or purified naturally. If a sanitary area has been built, everyone should urinate and defecate in the built sanitary area, instead of excreting all over the mountain and disturbing the scenery.

Build an entertainment area: The entertainment area can be in the dining area, and it can be cleaned up after the meal. If the venue is large, a separate piece of land can also be designated as long as the venue is flat. At the same time, there are no stumbling blocks or There should be fewer things touching the head (dwarf trees), so general cleaning should be carried out. When playing some games, a protective rope should be pulled in a defined circle to avoid inadvertent accidents.

Little knowledge of wild weather:

You should know some basic knowledge of weather when traveling outdoors. This book has some introductions in Chapter 7. Here is an introduction to wild camping. Once outside, we have no choice but to let nature take its course. We can only understand nature, but not control it. During travel, except when encountering thunderstorms, heavy snowstorms, etc., where you should stop and rest, you can continue to travel in other situations. When camping in the wild, you need to consider some meteorological issues:

Rainproof:

Rainproof is an important issue to consider when camping. If it is judged that it may rain that night, you should Campsites and tents need to be treated with necessary rainproofing. In addition to choosing a good campsite, you need to dig flood ditches, reinforce tents and enhance rainproof performance. For example, you can cover the tents with rainproof plastic sheets, raincoats, etc., and place various travel supplies Waiting in the tent. To prevent rain, you should observe weather changes before setting up camp. If you travel frequently, you will be able to master it by observing more and accumulating experience.

Wind protection:

It is very important to camp according to the wind direction, which is related to the opening direction of the tent door, stove opening and the overall layout of each area of ??the camp. This requires some knowledge of terrain and climate. When camping next to a large lake, the wind direction changes in opposite directions in the morning and evening. During the day, the ground temperature rises rapidly, and the wind direction blows toward the land; at night, the ground temperature drops rapidly, and the wind direction blows toward the lake area. Therefore, the tent door should be opened away from the wind, and the stove mouth should be opened towards the wind. There is a similar situation in hot and dry mountainous areas. During the day, because the temperature in the valley (valley) rises slower than that on the hillside (top of the mountain), there is an updraft, that is, the wind blows upward in the valley, while at night there is a downdraft, and the wind blows toward the valley. Therefore, this situation should be considered in advance when camping in the valley. Studying wind direction and wind force is very important for outdoor sports. If possible, you can bring a wind direction and wind meter, or check the wind force according to the table below. When keeping a diary, you may wish to record the maximum wind speed of the day.

Attachment (6-1) Wind speed level summary wind speed unit: meters/second

Wind power level and wind speed external appearance

Level 0 quiet wind 0.0-0.2 The smoke column goes straight up, the water surface is calm, and the leaves do not move.

Level 1 soft wind 0.3-1.5 is weak and powerless, the smoke goes with the wind, and the leaves move slightly.

Level 2 light wind 1.6-3.3 People can feel it, the trees make a slight sound, and the flags start to move.

Level 3 breeze 3.4-5.4 The twigs are swaying, the flags are spread in the wind, and the rice is shaking.

Level 4 gentle wind 5.5-7.9 The branches are bending, dust is flying, and paper is flying in the air.

Level 5 strong winds 8.0-10.7 small trees swayed, lakes and ponds rippled, and crops undulated.

Strong winds of Level 6 10.8-13.8. There is noise from power lines, it is difficult to hold an umbrella, and big trees are shaking.

Level 7 winds 13.9-17.1 It is difficult to walk in the wind, the whole tree is shaking, and the branches of big trees are bent.

Level 8 gale 17.2-20.7 The resistance is very strong, twigs are broken, and the river waves are violent.

Level 9 gale winds 20.8-24.4 damaged chimneys, damaged huts and moved tiles.

Strong winds of Level 10 24.5-28.4 blew pedestrians away, made it difficult to walk against the wind, and knocked down trees.

Category 11 storms 28.5-32.6 cause serious damage

Category 12 hurricanes 32.7 or above cause great damage

Temperature:

The temperature corresponds to outdoor travel Equally important, we should learn temperature management, that is, grasp the temperature changes and patterns in which seasons and regions, and configure equipment and clothing based on this. To learn to have a more accurate intuitive judgment on temperature and changes, you need to always carry a temperature meter and make regular comparison observations and experiences. During the day, the highest temperature of the day is generally at 2 o'clock in the afternoon, its peak; while the lowest point is between 2 and 3 o'clock at night. The temperature difference between this day is called the diurnal range. The size of the diurnal range is related to geographical latitude, topography, season, weather conditions and other factors. Generally speaking, low latitudes are better than high latitudes, inland is better than coastal areas, and sunny days are better. On cloudy days, the diurnal range is greater in basins than in plains, and in deserts than in woodlands. In the forest, due to the storage function of the forest, the diurnal range is small. The temperature in the forest is 0.7~2.3℃ lower than that in the non-forest land, 8~10℃ lower in summer and 4~5℃ lower in winter. At the same time, the humidity in the forest is also higher. , so you should pay attention to this issue when camping in the forest.

Accommodation caves

In the wilds in most areas of the south, various forms of caves can often be seen, such as dry caves, water caves, through-mountain caves, composite caves, etc. Accommodation caves are the most popular outdoor accommodation caves. One of the most common ways to travel. Our ancestors started their new life on the ground by staying in caves. It can be seen that accommodation in caves is a safe, convenient, warm and good place to shelter from wind and rain. You should pay attention to the following points when staying in a cave:

Ventilation: First of all, you must find out whether the cave is a ventilated cave and not a dead cave. It is very important to maintain air circulation. You can light a cigarette to check whether the hole is ventilated. As long as the smoke flows in one direction into the hole or outside the hole, it means the hole is ventilated.

Shallow accommodation: Many caves are relatively deep. From a safety perspective, it is best to arrange the camp close to the cave entrance to facilitate camp evacuation and transfer.

Water regime: When determining whether a cave is suitable for accommodation, you should first find out the water regime of the cave. Most caves have flowing groundwater, and some groundwater regimes are complex, especially in the rainy season. It should be noted that the chosen accommodation should be dry and free of dripping water.

Other things to note when staying in caves: Many caves are home to bats, swallows and other animals, so it is best to disturb them less when staying in caves, or to find another cave. If you have no experience in cave exploration, you should do less activities in the cave, and single-person activities should be prohibited; you don’t need to set up a tent to stay in the cave, just spread out various sleeping gears, and if there are mosquitoes, you can burn smoke to drive them away.

Open-air camping:

Sleeping outdoors is a kind of exercise and test for our outdoor life, and it is also a rare life experience. In weather where there is no rain, strong wind, snow or frost, you can try sleeping in the open air without any shelter such as a tent. When sleeping outdoors, you can choose a large tree, cover it with a plastic sheet, a moisture-proof mat, and put a sleeping bag on it. The sleeping bag can be covered with a plastic sheet, or you can simply hang a rainproof cloth on top of the sleeping gear. The main problem with sleeping outdoors is To prevent dew and mosquitoes, you can cover the sleeping bag with a layer of gauze to prevent mosquitoes, or burn fireworks overnight. Burning smoke can prevent frost and reduce dew. In some rural areas, you can see farmers doing this to reduce frost. . Of course, don’t sleep outdoors during the rainy season or winter. In addition, be careful not to sleep outdoors near water or in places with dense vegetation. There are many mosquitoes in those places and are unsafe. At the same time, the temperature is generally about 5 degrees lower than in a tent when sleeping outdoors, so you should wear more clothes to prevent catching a cold.

Another way to sleep outdoors is to use a hammock. The advantage of a hammock is that it will not be disturbed by animals on the ground (such as snakes and other reptiles), and it is very suitable in some humid areas. When using a hammock, it should be placed in a sleeping bag Place a moisture-proof mat underneath and hang a tarp over the hammock. There is a hammock-style tent that has a rainproof canopy and a mosquito-proof gauze, which is very suitable for jungle camping.

Igloo:

In snowy days with heavy snowfall, if the snow is relatively thick, you can use snow to make a simple igloo. In rural areas of Northeast China, Hunters are familiar with this approach. To build an igloo, you must have relatively compacted snow, and then use shovels and other tools to cut and build the igloo. Due to space limitations, this book does not focus too much on camping methods under special conditions.

Outdoor work and rest:

A reasonable outdoor work and rest arrangement is an important way to ensure good health. Often due to excitement, excitement and other reasons, everyone chats around the campfire without finishing it, or Engage in some recreational activities that interfere with normal rest. Special attention should be paid to this, because everyone is physically and mentally tired after a day of activity. At this time, the team leader should set a unified work and rest time, such as resting no later than 12 o'clock at night and getting up no later than 7 to 8 o'clock in the morning. In particular, the team leader should emphasize the need for uniformity and not allow individual individuals to affect the overall situation.