JIAOZHOU bay tunnel JIAOZHOU bay tunnel is at the bottom of the sea. How deep is it?

1, the longest cross-harbour tunnel? 2. Is JIAOZHOU Bay Tunnel under the sea? 3. Introduction of Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel? 4. Introduction to the three major subsea tunnels in the world? 5. Can you see fish in Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel? How long is the Qingdao subsea tunnel? Introduction of the longest subsea tunnel? What are the longest cross-harbour tunnels at this stage, what are the more famous cross-harbour tunnels and what is the basic situation? The basic contents of the world's longest subsea tunnel are as follows:

Through the knowledge collation of the architectural knowledge column of this website, Zhong Da Consulting Company found the basic information of the world's longest subsea tunnel as follows:

At present, the English Channel Tunnel is the longest undersea tunnel in the world. What are the famous undersea tunnels in various countries? According to relevant data, the longest cross-harbour tunnel in the world is:

The longest subsea tunnel in China-Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel

Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel, also known as "Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel". It is connected to Xuejiadao Sub-district Office in Huangdao District, Qingdao in the south, Tuandao Island in the main city of Qingdao in the north, and it goes under Jiaozhou Bay. The total length of the tunnel is 7800 meters, which is divided into two parts: land and seabed, and the seabed part is 3950 meters long.

The longest undersea tunnel in the United States-the San Francisco Bay Undersea Tunnel in the United States

The submarine tunnel in San Francisco Bay, USA, is 5790 meters long and has 57 sections, each of which is 82 ~ 107 meters long, 0/4.7 meters wide and 7.3 meters high. With a displacement of 1 1000 cubic meters and a maximum water depth of 37.5 meters, it is the longest known subsea tunnel.

The longest undersea tunnel in Britain-the English Channel Tunnel

The Channel Tunnel (English: the Channel Tunnel, French: le tunnel sous la Manche), also known as the British-French Cross-Harbour Tunnel and the European Tunnel, is a railway tunnel connecting the British Isles with Europe and France. It was opened on May 6th. 1994. It consists of three parallel tunnels with a length of 5 1km, with a total length of 153km, of which the subsea tunnel is 3×38km, which is the second longest subsea tunnel and the longest railway tunnel in the world. The diameter of the two railway tunnels after lining is 7.6m, and the diameter of the excavated tunnel is 8.36 ~ 8.78 m; The diameter of the tunnel for intermediate logistics service after lining is 4.8m, and the diameter of the excavated tunnel is 5.38~5.77m It took more than 8 years from1February 1986, when Britain and France signed the Canterbury Treaty, to1May 7, 1994, when the tunnel was officially opened, and the cost was about10 billion pounds (about/kloc

Qingxin Tunnel, the Longest Cross-Harbour Tunnel in Daily Newspaper

Qinghai-Hankou Cross-Harbour Tunnel is a new cross-harbour tunnel across Tsutsugaru Strait between Aomori Prefecture in Honshu, Japan and Hakodate Prefecture in Hokkaido.

After 12 years' construction,1983 65438+127 October, the pilot tunnel of Qingxin Tunnel, the longest undersea tunnel in the world, was finally opened from Ibimoto-CHO, Aomori Prefecture in the south to Tomitomo-CHO, Hokkaido in the north. On March 1988 and 13, the Qingxin Tunnel was officially opened to traffic, thus ending the history of relying only on maritime transportation between Honshu and Hokkaido in Japan.

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Is JIAOZHOU bay tunnel under the sea? Part of JIAOZHOU bay tunnel is under the sea, but not all of it, because JIAOZHOU bay tunnel is divided into ground roads and submarine tunnels. The total length of Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel is 7.797 kilometers, of which the cross-sea area is 4.095 kilometers, so it can be said that the main body is on the seabed. Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel, located in Qingdao, is a very important cross-sea passage connecting Huangdao District and Shinan District of Qingdao Development Zone. JIAOZHOU Bay Tunnel crosses the sea area of JIAOZHOU Bay. The tunnel has now become the main trunk road in the southwest of Qingdao. The passage was built in 2006 and the tunnel was completed in 2009. 20 1 1 was officially opened to traffic, with a total investment of more than 4 billion.

Introduction of JIAOZHOU bay subsea tunnel? Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel, also known as "Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel". It is connected to Xuejiadao Sub-district Office in Huangdao District, Qingdao in the south, Tuandao Island in the main city of Qingdao in the north, and it goes under Jiaozhou Bay. The total length of the tunnel is 7800 meters, which is divided into two parts: land and seabed, and the seabed part is 3950 meters long. The tunnel is located at the mouth of Jiaozhou Bay, connecting Qingdao and Huangdao, with six lanes in both directions. 201/kloc-0 officially opened for operation on June 30th. At present, the one-way fee is 10 yuan, and you can enjoy a 20% discount when you apply for ETC. Taxi idling toll 10 yuan/trip. Starting from 0: 00 on August 1 day, the vehicle charging method of Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel will be further adjusted. The toll standard for Class I buses (buses with 7 seats or less) is 10 yuan/train, and the toll for using electronic on-board toll collection device (ETC) is 8 yuan/train; Taxi tunnel toll standard according to a class of passenger cars; Other vehicle toll standards are still implemented according to the original provisions.

Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel is located in volcanic rocks and subvolcanic rocks, with thin overburden and dense fault zones. * * * crosses the 18 fault fracture zone, with the maximum span of 28.20m and the deepest elevation of 82.81m.

technical parameter

The total length of the tunnel is 7.8 kilometers, of which the cross-harbour tunnel is about 3.95 kilometers long. The design speed is 80km/h, of which the main tunnels of Sichuan Road and Yunnan Road are 80km/h, and the ramps of Taixi No.3 Road and Tuandao No.2 Road are 40 km/h. It takes only 5 minutes by car to cross Jiaozhou Bay, and Qingdao to Huangdao takes only 15 minutes. At the same time, the main tunnels of Sichuan Road and Yunnan Road are all one-way and three-lanes, with a clear width of 13.5 meters and a clear width of 8.5 meters and 9.5 meters. In bridge engineering, the bridge deck width is divided into three standard widths: 14m, 12.75m and 8m. High-grade pavement can fully meet the requirements of urban peak hours.

"Compared with the way of building bridges at sea, the cross-sea tunnel has the characteristics of all-weather traffic, and has the advantages of not destroying shipping, not affecting the landscape, not occupying land, not demolishing buildings, and not being affected by strong winds and fog. This is a better transportation facility. " The person in charge of JIAOZHOU bay subsea tunnel project said that JIAOZHOU bay tunnel is the second large subsea tunnel under construction in China, and it is also the longest subsea tunnel in China and the third longest in the world in 20 12.

The total length of Xiamen Xiang 'an subsea tunnel is 8695 meters, which means the total length of the tunnel plus the wharf, while the length of Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel is over 9000 meters. The sea area length of Xiamen Xiang 'an subsea tunnel is 6050 meters, that is, the distance between the openings at both ends, while the distance of Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel is 7800 meters. In 20 12, the longest subsea tunnel in the world was recognized as the Japanese Han Qing subsea tunnel. The total length of the tunnel is 53.86 kilometers, of which the submarine part is 23.3 kilometers. Another way of saying it is the English Channel Cross-Harbour Tunnel, officially named "European Tunnel", with a total length of 50.5 kilometers, of which the submarine part is 37 kilometers long, which is the longest tunnel in the world. The tunnel was completed and opened to traffic on 1995.

construction investment

The route grade of Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel is urban expressway, and the design reference period is 100 years. Construction officially started on February 27th, 2006, with the whole line running through at the end of 20 10, and officially opened for operation on June 30th, 2010.

The designed service life is about 100 years.

Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel is the second subsea tunnel built in China. Its design service life is 100 years, and its function is urban road traffic.

"Because the subsea tunnel requires high construction safety and long service life, scholars at home and abroad pay special attention to durability." The person in charge of the project told the reporter that the thickness and fluctuation value of the tunnel concrete protective layer directly determine its service life. The thickness of the protective layer near the air side of the lining concrete of Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel is 60 mm, and the construction party has also waterproof the concrete at the entrance section.

3.3 billion investment does not cost the government a penny.

The total investment of Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel project is 3.298 billion yuan. In the whole development and construction process, the municipal government does not need to pay a penny from the financial account, and the funds are solved by Guo Xin Group's own funds and social financing. As the first party of the project, Qingdao Guo Xin Group Co., Ltd. was the first in the city to issue 500 million yuan of corporate bonds for the cross-harbour tunnel project, and at the same time, it won 600 million yuan and 200 million yuan of targeted loans and technical assistance loans from the China Development Bank respectively, and raised 2 billion yuan through multiple channels to solve the project funding problem. 20 12 all the funds needed for the construction of JIAOZHOU bay subsea tunnel have been put in place.

traffic

Brief introduction of engineering

The wiring project of Qingdao terminal of JIAOZHOU bay subsea tunnel starts from Qingdao terminal of JIAOZHOU bay subsea tunnel in the south, and the upward and downward separated double-hole tunnels run underground in the direction of Sichuan Road and Yunnan Road respectively. After climbing the ground on the north side of Dongping Road intersection, it starts to be elevated, and then meets above Shanxi Road intersection to access the third phase of Expressway. It is an important part of Qingdao's "three vertical and four horizontal" urban expressway network. The main works of this project include "No.2 Tunnel, No.2 Elevated Road and No.4 Ramp (No.2 Tunnel Ramp and No.2 Bridge Ramp).

The division of labor between the cross-harbour tunnel and the Bay Bridge has also been clarified. The cross-harbour tunnel is responsible for passenger transport, and only large, medium and small passenger cars are allowed to pass, and trucks are prohibited from passing; The Bay Bridge is mainly responsible for logistics and transportation, and it can pass through large trucks.

According to the relevant regulations of the State Council and Shandong Province, Qingdao stipulates that the four national statutory holidays, such as Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Labor Day and National Day, and the above-mentioned statutory holidays determined by the General Office of the State Council in that year will be closed, and vehicle tolls will be exempted for passenger vehicles with 7 seats or less from 00: 00 on the first day to 24: 00 on the last day.

Tunnel bus

After the opening of Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel in Qingdao, Shandong Province, four bus lines from the main city of Qingdao to Huangdao District were opened to traffic at the same time, and air-conditioned cars without tickets 120 vehicles were put into operation, a considerable part of which were electric buses. The first and last bus times of the four routes are roughly from 5 am to 8 pm, with a frequency of about 2-4 minutes during peak hours and 6- 10 minutes during low peak hours, with an average frequency of about 7-8 minutes. At the beginning of 20 12, for the convenience of citizens in Jiaonan, four bus lanes were newly opened from Lingshanwei Hub Station, namely, No.5 Tunnel, No.6 Tunnel, No.7 Tunnel and No.8 Tunnel. 20 15 Qingdao World Expo Park has been approved as a national 4A-level tourist attraction, and will soon be opened normally. In order to continue to provide tourist transportation services and facilitate the travel of local citizens and tourists, Qingdao Zhenqing Bus Group Co., Ltd. opened a special tourist line from Xuejiadao Hub Station to Qingdao World Expo Park on March 28th, 201May, and renamed it L2 Road.

According to reports, after the tunnel is opened to traffic, it will end the era when people on both sides of Jiaozhou Bay rely on ferries and realize a half-hour lap along the east and west coasts. In addition, after the opening of the tunnel, together with Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Bridge, the world's longest cross-sea bridge, which was opened to traffic on the same day, it will string together the "golden chain" of Binhai Avenue in Shandong Peninsula, and run through G20, G22, G 15 and other traffic arteries in expressway, China, so as to promote the cooperation and integration between Shandong Peninsula and the economic circles of Northeast China, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Bohai Rim and Yangtze River Delta.

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Introduction of the three major subsea tunnels in the world? What JIAOZHOU bay tunnels and world-famous undersea tunnels are there at this stage? What is the basic profile? Bianxiao Zhongda Consulting Company designed the longest undersea tunnel in the world. The basic contents are as follows:

Zhong Da Consulting has compiled the Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel through the knowledge in the architectural knowledge column of this website. The basic situation of the world-famous cross-harbour tunnel is as follows:

Through combing the relevant contents, Zhong Da Consulting Bianxiao Company combed the world subsea tunnels, mainly including:

Qingdao JIAOZHOU bay subsea tunnel-the three largest subsea tunnels in the world

Qingdao JIAOZHOU bay subsea tunnel, also known as JIAOZHOU bay tunnel, is located in the south of Shandong Peninsula and is the longest subsea tunnel in China, with a total length of 7,800 meters, including 3,850 meters for highway section and 3,950 meters for subsea section. The tunnel is located at the mouth of Jiaozhou Bay, connecting Qingdao and Huangdao, with six lanes in both directions. With a total investment of 3.298 billion yuan, the project was completed on April 28th, 20 10. Compared with the way of building offshore bridges, the subsea tunnel has the characteristics of all-weather traffic, no damage to shipping, no impact on landscape, no land occupation or less demolition, and traffic is not affected by strong winds and fog, so it is a better transportation facility. Jiaozhou Bay Cross-Harbour Tunnel is the second large-scale cross-harbour tunnel built in China, and it is also the longest cross-harbour tunnel in China and the third longest in the world. Its design service life is 100 years, and its function is urban road traffic.

The World's Three Major Cross-Harbour Tunnels —— Japan's Qinghai-Letter Cross-Harbour Tunnel

At present, the longest subsea tunnel built in the world is the Ching Hai-Shin subsea tunnel in Japan. The total length of the tunnel is 53.86 kilometers, of which the submarine part is 23.3 kilometers. This is a double-track railway tunnel. It spans the Tsutsugaru Strait and connects Aomori in Honshu, Japan and Hakodate in Hokkaido. The inclined tunnel of Han Qing subsea tunnel was excavated at 1964. After 24 years of construction, it was officially put into operation on March 1988 13.

The English Channel Tunnel-the three largest undersea tunnels in the world

The English Channel Tunnel, also known as the European Tunnel, is an important underground passage connecting Britain and France. The English Channel Tunnel was built in 1994, with a length of 50 kilometers, second only to the Japanese Han Qing Tunnel.

For hundreds of years, people have been trying to build an underground tunnel between Britain and France through the English Channel. Hashash said, "People have tried many times before, but they all failed for various reasons. This has both technical and political reasons. " With the emergence of modern tunnel technology and the economic development of Britain and France, this ideal has finally been realized, and the English Channel Tunnel has become the most famous model in the history of tunnel engineering. In order to prevent fire and other accidents in the tunnel, the designer designed a small auxiliary tunnel between the two main tunnels. This auxiliary tunnel is mainly used as an escape route.

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Can you see fish in Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel? No fish can be seen in Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel. According to relevant public information, Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel was built below the seabed. For the safety of passengers, the highest standard concrete was poured around the Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel. So you can't see fish in Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel. Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel is a cross-sea passage connecting Huangdao District and Shinan District of Qingdao, Shandong Province, China. Located in Jiaozhou Bay, it is one of the components of urban trunk roads in the southwest of Qingdao. On February 27th, 2006, the groundbreaking ceremony was held for Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel. On April 28, 2009, the main penetration project was completed and the tunnel was fully penetrated; 20 1 1 was opened to traffic on June 30th. Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel starts from Binhai Avenue in the south, goes under Jiaozhou Bay and reaches Sichuan Road in the north. The total length of the line is 7.797 kilometers, and the cross-sea part is 4.095 kilometers long. The road is designed as a two-way six-lane urban trunk road with a design speed of 80 km/h; The total investment is 4.059 billion yuan.

How long is the Qingdao subsea tunnel? Qingdao subsea tunnel (Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel) is 7.797 kilometers long.

Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel is located in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China, connecting Huangdao District and Shinan District, and it is15km away from Jiaozhou Bay Bridge in the northwest. The tunnel starts from the south section of Binhai Avenue at the end of Xuejia Island in Huangdao District, passes through Jiulongshan Road and Jiaozhou Bay, and ends at Sichuan Road at the end of Tuandao Island in Shinan District. Among them, Xuejia Island ends at Binjiang Avenue, Lijiang East Road and Jiulongshan Road, while Tuandao ends at Sichuan Road, Shenxian Road and Jiaoning Elevated Road.

Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel starts from Binhai Avenue in the south, goes under Jiaozhou Bay and reaches Sichuan Road in the north. The total length of the line is 7.797 kilometers, and the cross-sea part is 4.095 kilometers long. The road is designed as a two-way six-lane urban trunk road with a design speed of 80 km/h; The total investment is 4.059 billion yuan.

Design features:

The left and right lines of the main line tunnel of Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel are set separately, and the cross section of the main line tunnel is oval for ordinary passenger cars to pass through. The cross section of the service tunnel is approximately circular at the upper end and gentle at the lower end, which is divided into two layers. The upper floor is a regional traffic patrol car and rescue survey, and the two sides are lighting, arches, monitoring and traffic facilities. The lower floor is divided into two parts, one part is high-voltage transmission cable, and the other part is public tunnel space such as water pipes and communication pipes.