What is Taihua Scenic Area?

Mountain three: Penglai, abbot and Yingzhou in ancient times; Take Huangshan Mountain in Anhui, Lushan Mountain in Jiangxi and Yandang Mountain in Zhejiang as examples.

Yue: Mount Tai, Mount Tai, Nanyue, Mount Hengshan, Huashan, Mount Hengshan and Songshan.

The legendary "three mountains" are the "three sacred mountains" on the sea. Because it is a place where immortals live, they are particularly fascinated by the ancients.

. The Chronicle of the First Qin Emperor contains: "Xu Fu, Qi Ren and others wrote that there are three holy mountains in the sea, named Penglai, Abbot and Yingzhou". Since then, the names of the three holy mountains in the sea often appear in ancient novels, operas and notes, but that is a legend and does not exist. In order to continue the beautiful myth of three mountains and five mountains, later generations chose the new three mountains among the famous mountains outside the five mountains. The three widely spread mountains are: Huangshan Mountain in Anhui, Lushan Mountain in Jiangxi and Yandang Mountain in Zhejiang. However, there is another saying: Huangshan Mountain in Anhui, Lushan Mountain in Jiangxi and Emei Mountain in Sichuan. At present, most of the international recognition is the first statement, because Emei Mountain itself is one of the four famous mountains of Buddhism, and it is generally not listed as one of the three famous mountains.

Huangshan, Anhui

Huangshan is located in Huangshan City in the south of Anhui Province. As one of the five mountains and three mountains, it has the reputation of "the first mountain in the world". It is a sacred place of Taoism and has many relics. It is said that Xuanyuan Huangdi once made an alchemy here. Xu Xiake visited Huangshan twice, leaving a sigh that "the Five Mountains returned without looking at the mountains, and Huangshan returned without looking at the mountains". Great poets such as Li Bai left magnificent poems here. One of the top ten most beautiful and shocking mountains in China. Strange pines, strange rocks, clouds and hot springs are called the four wonders of Huangshan Mountain. Huangshan Mountain is a famous summer resort, a national scenic spot and a convalescent summer resort. 1985 was selected as one of the top ten scenic spots in China, and 1990 was included in the World Cultural and Natural Heritage List by UNESCO in February. This is the first time in China that it has been listed as a cultural and natural heritage. Ecological protection is intact, and there are many animals and plants!

Mount the horse. Lushan Mountain in Jiangxi Province is located in Poyang Lake Basin in northern Jiangxi Province, Lushan District in Jiujiang City, bordering Poyang Lake, the south bank of the Yangtze River and one of the five mountains. The mountain is oval. A typical roadblock-type long mountain is about 25 kilometers long and 10 kilometers wide. More than 90 peaks stretch like nine screens, shielding the north gate of Jiangxi. It is famous for its strangeness, danger and beauty, and is known as "the best in the world". Magnificent peaks, beautiful Qingfeng, Yinquan Waterfall, ever-changing wonders of the sea of clouds and beautiful garden buildings show the infinite charm of Lushan Mountain. Especially Lushan Mountain, which is like spring in midsummer and has a cool climate, is a place that Chinese and foreign tourists yearn for. This is a famous scenic spot and summer resort. There are many poems written in past dynasties, among which Li Bai's Looking at Lushan Waterfall is especially famous.

Yandangshan, Zhejiang

Yandang Mountain is located in Yueqing City, Zhejiang Province, China, partly in Yongjia County and Wenling City. It is 297 kilometers away from Hangzhou and 68 kilometers away from Wenzhou. It began in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, flourished in the Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Song Dynasty. Known as "the best in the world" and "a famous mountain on the sea". History is called "the first mountain in Southeast China". With a total area of 450 square kilometers, more than 500 scenic spots are distributed in 8 scenic spots, which are famous for their strange peaks and rocks, ancient caves and stone chambers, waterfalls and flowing springs. Among them, Lingfeng, Lingyan and Dalong Waterfall are three scenic spots called "Wild Swallows". Especially the night view of Lingfeng, Lingyan Du Fei is a must in China. Because there is a lake on the top of the mountain, the reeds are dense and the grass is swaying, and the southern autumn geese often stay here, hence the name Yandang.

Dongyue Taishan Dongyue is magnificent. It is honored as the head of the five mountains and known as the "first mountain in the world". It is regarded as a symbol of sublimity and sacredness, so it is said that the five mountains are the only ones. "The sky is unattainable. I want to meditate on Mount Tai, worship the heavens and be close to the gods. " Confucius' "Climbing Mount Tai and Being Small in the World" has been circulated for thousands of years. "More important than Mount Tai" and "Mount Tai Beidou", Mount Tai has actually become an inseparable part of our national culture.

Mount Tai looks at the Yellow Sea in the east and the Yellow River in the west, surrounded by water, Qufu in the distance and Jinan in spring. It stands in the east of China and enjoys the reputation of five mountains. The spiritual symbol of the Chinese nation and the epitome of China's history and culture.

The scenic spots of Mount Tai are distributed radially around the main peak. After thousands of years of protection and construction, Mount Tai has sprung up in Qilu hills, with abrupt main peak, steep mountains and overlapping peaks, forming the momentum of "other mountains are high and thousands of waters are Qian Shan". And "The Peak on the Daihai Sea".

The pines and cypresses of Mount Tai are more solemn, towering and lush; There are many streams and springs, and there is no lack of charm. The ethereal and changeable clouds make it more mysterious and profound. There are beautiful foothills, secluded and quiet areas, open and wide areas, illusory and wonderful areas, and deep and mysterious areas. There are also ten natural wonders, such as the rising sun, the jade plate in the sea of clouds, the sunset glow and the golden belt of the Yellow River, and ten natural landscapes, such as a picture of a natural landscape, such as Songtao in Shiwu, Songtao riding alone, exquisite houses in Taoyuan and the scenery of Lingyan. The human landscape is concentrated in Sheshou Mountain, Lihao Mountain and Huangyufeng in the southwest of Thailand, forming a triple space of "hell", "earth" and "heaven". Dai Temple is the main building on the central axis of Taicheng, connecting the Tianjie in front and the disk road behind, forming a mountain city. From this step by step, we are getting better and better, from "people" to "heaven".

There are peaks 156, cliffs 138, 72 famous caves, 72 strange stones, valleys 130, 64 waterfalls, 72 famous springs, more than 0/0000 ancient and famous trees, 42 ancient sites and ancient tombs/kloc. Among them, Chengziya site, the earliest existing stone pagodas-Simen Pagoda, Dawenkou site, Lingyan Temple, Daimiao Temple, statues of the Thousand Buddha Cliff Grottoes, Dragon and Tiger Pagoda, Jiuding Pagoda, Feng Yuxiang's Tomb, Tang Daguan Peak Stone Carving, and the Diamond Sutra of Stone Valley in Northern Qi Dynasty. It was announced by the State Council as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

Yuehua Mountain is like Huashan Mountain. Five emperors called it Taihua, Xia Shang called it Xiyue, and Shi called it Hua Yue. According to Zhang Taiyan, a famous scholar in Qing Dynasty, "Huaxia" and "China" were both named after Huashan. "Huashan has been the Tao since ancient times", ranking first among the five mountains.

Huashan Mountain, 2 154.9 meters above sea level, is located in huayin city, Weinan City, east of Xi, Shaanxi Province, the hometown of history and culture 120 kilometers. It faces the bare Weihe Plain and the roaring Yellow River in the north and the Qinling Mountains in the south. It is a granite mountain on the north side of the watershed ridge of Qinling branch. Due to the ever-changing costumes of nature, various shapes of Huashan Mountain are vividly outlined. It is a national scenic spot.

Huashan Scenic Area, located in Huayin County, Shaanxi Province, is the western mountain among the five mountains. It is bordered by the Yellow River in the north and the Qinling Mountains in the south, and stands at the junction of the three provinces of Qin, Jin and Henan in the east of Guanzhong Plain. Luo Yan in Nanfeng, Chaoyang in Dongfeng, Lotus in Xifeng, Yuntai in Beifeng and Yunnv in Zhongfeng are surrounded by five peaks, hence the name.

Of the five mountains of Mount Hengshan, only Mount Hengshan is in the south. Shu Yi has said that Nanyue Mountain was made of Pangu's left arm. Nanyue is called Hengshan Mountain because it is located on the wing of a star with 28 stars, "the degree should be balanced". Like a weighing instrument, it can weigh the weight of heaven and earth and "do good deeds", hence the name Hengshan. Because there is a little star next to Chiu, called "Changsha Star", which is in charge of people's lives. Hengshan belonged to Changsha in ancient times. Therefore, Mount Hengshan is called the "Shouyue". The birthday celebration of future generations is often called "Longevity is better than Nanshan", and its source is borrowed from this.

Hengshan Mountain in Nanyue enjoys the reputation of "the exclusive respect of five mountains" with lush forests and beautiful scenery. Hengshan, located in Hengshan County, Hunan Province, is Nanyue among the five mountains. It has been famous all over the world since ancient times, especially the magnificent natural scenery and human landscape formed by Buddhism and Taoism.

Hengshan Mountain in Beiyue is steep and the valley is deep. Deep mountain treasures, such as the famous Hanging Temple, are hidden in it. It is said that Shun Di visited here 4000 years ago. Because of the majestic mountains, it was named Beiyue. At that time, Qin was "one of the twelve famous mountains in the world", and Mount Tai was next to Mount Heng.

Hengshan, also known as Hengshan, is located in Hunyuan, Shanxi. Hengshan is alias Changshan. Constant, constant, everything is in the north, there is constant. Always called Beiyue. There is a saying in the Qin Dynasty that "there are twelve famous mountains in the world, and the second is Mount Heng". Er Ya also said that "Hengshan is the North Mountain".

In the 25th year of Daoguang (AD 1845), Tianling in Quyang County completed the reconstruction of Beiyue Temple. He wrote: "Damao is in the northwest of the city and was cut off by Cui Wei, so it can be seen from a hundred miles away." . And so on. There are many such records.

Volume II of Historical Records says: "Kong Anguo said,' The geography of justice: Mount Hengshan is 140 miles northwest of Quyang County in Dingzhou'", which also records damao mountain and Mount Hengshan. China Dictionary of Ancient and Modern Geographical Names explains: "damao mountain is 70 miles northeast of Fuping County, Hebei Province, and is connected with Quyang County, that is, the top of Hengshan Mountain and the north of Wuyue Mountain. The sharp stone of God was once named Changshan. " Although this explanation is used by people in ancient books, it also shows that it is an recognition of Hengshan history.

"Ci Hai" contains: "Hengshan Mountain, named Gushan Mountain, is located in the northwest of Quyang County, Hebei Province, bordering Shanxi Province ... a damao mountain in the Tang and Song Dynasties". Although the explanation of Ci Hai is general, it points out that another name of Hengshan in Tang and Song Dynasties is damao mountain, which is consistent with other dictionaries.

According to the religious dictionary, "Hengshan Mountain is located in the northwest of Quyang County, Hebei Province, at the junction of Shanxi Province ... It was named Xuanwu Mountain in Hunyuan, Shanxi Province. Since the Qing Dynasty, Mount Hengshan in Quyang has been enshrined in Hunyuan, and has since been called "damao mountain". This explanation is somewhat vague about the relationship and boundary between Mount Hengshan and damao mountain, and the division of time is not the same, but one thing is desirable: Mount Hengshan in Quyang is commonly known as damao mountain.

The Atlas of Chinese History published in the 1980s also recorded: "From the Spring and Autumn Period to the early Ming Dynasty, Mount Hengshan in Beiyue was always between Quyang and Laiyuan in Hebei Province, and was once called Changshan and damao mountain; In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Hengshan was marked in Hunyuan, Shanxi. " Damao mountain is the boundary mountain between the Northern Song Dynasty and the Liao Dynasty, and Quyang and Hu Fei belong to the Northern Song Dynasty and the Liao Dynasty respectively. At that time, Hengshan Mountain was called Changshan Mountain, and there was a "inverted horse pass" in the Jin Dynasty. There is also the inscription "Hengshan Mountain in Beiyue Temple" preserved in the second year of Jin Da 'an (AD 12 10), which has a history of more than 700 years. This painting depicts the area of Mount Hengshan in Beiyue, the distribution of rivers and mountains and some geographical conditions of Quyang City.

There is also a poem by the poet Yuan Haowen, which proves that damao mountain is Beishan: "Coincidentally, the ancient grandson of Yue Wei in damao mountain is too difficult to get away." For the description of Hengshan Mountain, poets often think in images and think that "the mountain is the victory of the earth and the mountain is the soul of the earth". With the cultivation of Shengli Mountain, there is a saying that "outstanding people are outstanding, outstanding people are outstanding". Because mountains are spiritual and believed by the ancients, people who are good at mountains are often called bosom friends.

Now Hengshan Mountain in Hunyuan, Shanxi Province, formerly known as Xuanwu Mountain, has been called "Gaoshi Mountain" or "Gaoshi Mountain and Lushan Mountain" since the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties and even the Wei and Jin Dynasties. After in-depth investigation, Li Daoyuan, a geographer in the Northern Wei Dynasty, accurately recorded in Water Mirror Water Color: "The mountain starts from the water." East longitude is Jiaya River, and there is a river in southern Sichuan. Water flows out from the northern foot of Hengshan Mountain ... this river flows eastward to Maguan ... and Quyang County in the north-southeast is in Zhongshan, and the water flows westward ... From the bottom, it is also the general name of that horizontal river. That is to say, in Gong Yu, the so-called constant defense is obedience. The recorded Lianshui (now Tanghe River) comes from Gaoshi Mountain in the northwest of Lingqiu County, Daijun County, and is the birthplace of Tanghe River. Therefore, Gaoshi Mountain is not the original name of Hengshan Mountain. Here, we have noticed Zhu Dun's record, which is different from the general landscape travel notes. This is not just a scenic tour, but a geographical investigation. This paper focuses on topography. The combination of science and literature is not only a true record, but also a beautiful language, which has a far-reaching impact on the prose of later landscape works.

Mr. Liang Yong pointed out in "Re-discussion on the Landscape of Mount Hengshan in Beiyue and its Historical Changes —— Discussion with Comrade Wang Chang" that during the confrontation between Song and Liao Dynasties, the ancient Mount Hengshan became a battleground for military strategists, and a series of symbolic cultural landscapes in Beiyue were completely lost. Besides, the main peak of Mount Hengshan is still a hundred miles away from Beiyue Temple, so the official sacrifice only goes to Beiyue Temple, not Mount Hengshan. After Fuping County in Jin Dynasty was located in the north of Quyang, Hengshan Mountain and Beiyue Temple belonged to different counties.

Song Yue is located on Songshan Mountain in the hinterland of the Central Plains. It was called foreign aspect in ancient times, also known as Takamatsu, belonging to the Funiu Mountain Range. Its main body is located in Dengfeng County, Henan Province, adjacent to Zhengzhou, the provincial capital in the east, and Luoyang, the ancient capital of the Nine Dynasties in the west. After Zhou Pingwang moved eastward to Luoyang, Songshan Mountain was located in the middle of the world, hence the name Zhongyue. Songshan Mountain is mainly composed of Taishi Mountain and Shao Shi Mountain. The mountain extends horizontally from east to west and winds for 70 kilometers. Therefore, it is said that "Zhong Yue is lying". Songshan Scenic Area consists of six scenic spots: Shaolin Temple, Zhongyue Temple, Songyang Academy, Stargazing Platform, March Zhai and Baisha Lake. The top of Songshan Mountain is called Ji Jun, with an altitude of 149 1.7 meters. In ancient times, it was said that Ji Jun was the highest place in the sky.

Three emperors and five emperors all lived and multiplied here, and the ancestors of the Yellow Emperor lived and multiplied here for three generations. Songyang Academy is the holy land of Confucian culture; It is the ancestral home of Zen Buddhism, and Shaolin Wushu enjoys a good reputation at home and abroad. Different from the other four mountains, Songshan is particularly prominent in the word "pride": the natural scenery is beautiful and mysterious. Rooms are like dragons sleeping, and few rooms are like phoenix dancing. Thirty-six peaks are magnificent and beautiful, with unique geological characteristics. Archean, Proterozoic, Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata converge in one place, becoming a unique geological "natural geological museum" with five generations living under one roof. In 20 10, the "Tiandi" historical building complex in Songshan area successfully declared the world cultural heritage, and Songshan's concept of "Tiandi" was recognized by the whole world.