Crossing Xiaogushan and Dagushan Original text and translation

Original text:

"Crossing Xiaogushan and Dagushan"

Song Dynasty: Lu You

On August 1, I passed Fenghuoji. In the Southern Dynasties, beacons were set up from Wuchang to Jingkou, and this mountain must be one of them. Looking at the mountains from the boat is just unexpected. And under the Pojiang River, there are sinus holes embedded in the rocks, which are strange and shiny in color, and are also very different from other rocks.

There is another stone, which is not attached to the mountain. It rises out of the sky and is more than a hundred feet high. It is covered with red vines and green vines, like a precious screen. The wind was calm that day, the boat sailed quite late, and the autumn was deep and cold, so we could see everything. As Mr. Du once said, "I'm lucky to have sailed late, so I can experience all the wonderful things."

After passing Penglangji and Xiaogushan, the two mountains face each other from east to west. Xiaogu belongs to Susong County, Shuzhou, and has garrison troops. All the independent mountains in the river, such as Jinshan, Jiaoshan, Luoxing, etc., are famous all over the world, but their steepness and beauty cannot be compared with Xiaogu.

Looking at it from dozens of miles away, the green peak rises solitary and reaches the sky. It is no longer comparable to other mountains. The closer you get, the more beautiful it becomes. It is clear and rainy in winter and summer, and its posture is ever-changing. I believe that this is a beauty created by nature. . However, the ancestral temple is extremely desolate. If it were slightly decorated with towers, pavilions and pavilions, it would be in harmony with the mountains and rivers, and it would be higher than the Jinshan Mountain. The temple is located at the west foot of the mountain. Its forehead is called "Huiji" and its deity is called "Mrs. Anji".

In the early days of Shaoxing, Duke Zhang Wei returned from Huxiang and tried to build a camp. There is a stele recording his story. There is also another temple in Penglangji, which belongs to Pengze County, Jiangzhou. It faces the river on three sides and is reflected in the water. It also occupies the advantage of a mountain.

When the boat passed the island, although there was no wind, there were still waves, hence the name. There is a poem in the past that says, "Travelers in the boat must not be arrogant. My sister-in-law married Peng Lang the year before last." The poster said that there is a statue of Peng Lang in Xiaogu Temple and a statue of my sister-in-law in Penglang Temple. This is not true. Late in the evening, I parked in the sand, one mile away from Xiaogu.

It was raining lightly, so I took a small boat to visit the temple, looking south at the mountains of Pengze and Duchang. The sky was misty and rainy, and the gulls and herons were gone. It was the ultimate victory to climb up, and I would rely on it for a long time before returning. Just outside the temple gate, there is a handsome falcon poaching waterfowl and plundering the southeast of the river. It is very strong. The temple wishes clouds, and there are many falcons on the mountain.

On the morning of the second day, after traveling for less than twenty miles, a storm suddenly surged, and we had to tie up the cable in a hurry. Russia restored Kaiji and went ahead. Looking across Pengli's mouth, one can see the endless horizon, and one knows that Taibai's sentence "open the sails and enter the sky mirror" is wonderful. Then we saw Lushan Mountain and Dagu. The shape of the large island is similar to that of Xiliang. Although it cannot imitate the beauty of Xiaogu, there are quite a lot of sandbanks and reeds next to the small island. The large island is surrounded by large rivers, and it looks like floating water, which is also strange.

The river branches from Hukou into Nanjiang River, which covers Jiangxi Road. The water in the river is turbid, so every time you draw it, use almonds to clear it, so you can drink it in the evening. The Nanjiang River is extremely clear, and the joints are like ropes, without any confusion. Arrive in Jiangzhou in the evening. The prefecture governs Dehua County, which is Xunyang County in the Tang Dynasty. Chaisang and Lili are both in its territory. In the Southern Tang Dynasty, it was the Jiedu of the Fenghua Army, and today it is the Dingjiang Army.

The soil on the shore is red and the walls stand upright, which is what Mr. Dongpo said, "the shore is like a boatman pointing out the shore." The water in Bowanpu is also very clear and not messy with the river water. From July 26 to this day, there were only six days from the beginning to the end, and the wind was blocked for one day. In fact, the clouds prevailed for seven hundred miles in four and a half days.

Translation:

On August 1, (the boat) passed Fenghuoji. Since the Southern Dynasties, many (alarm) beacon towers have been set up from Wuchang (today's Echeng) to Jingkou, and this mountain should be one of them.

Looking at the mountains from the boat, you only see towering peaks. After anchoring and stopping the boat, I walked down the mountain and saw cracked rocks and various caves with strange shapes and bright and moist colors, which were different from other rocks.

There is another huge stone that is not connected to Fenghuoji. It rises majestically from the ground, about a hundred feet high, with red vines and green vines covering it, like a screen inlaid with gems.

On this day, the wind was calm and the boat was moving very slowly, and because of the late autumn, the river was shallow, so we could see all the beautiful scenery here. Experience all the wonderful things.”

After passing Penglangji and Xiaogushan, (these) two mountains face each other from east to west. Xiaogushan belongs to Susong County, Shuzhou, and there are soldiers guarding the mountain. All the Dushan Mountains in the river, such as Jinshan Mountain, Jiaoshan Mountain and Luoxing Mountain, are world-famous, but in terms of steepness and beauty, none of them can compare with Xiaogushan Mountain.

Viewed from dozens of miles away, the green peaks of Xiaogushan stand tall and reach into the sky. They are no longer comparable to other mountains. The closer you look, the more beautiful it becomes. Winter, summer, sunny days, rainy days, the postures change endlessly. It is indeed the most beautiful place in nature.

It’s just that the temple (on the mountain) is too desolate and dilapidated. If more towers and pavilions are added to complement the mountains and waters, it will naturally be more beautiful than Jinshan. The temple is at the foot of the west mountain. The word "Huiji" is written on the plaque, and the god (enshrined inside) is called "Mrs. Anji".

In the early years of Shaoxing, Wei Guogong Zhang Jun came back from Hunan and repaired it. There is a monument recording this event. There is another temple in Penglangji, in Pengze County, Jiangzhou. It faces the Yangtze River on three sides. The reflection of the mountain is reflected in the water. It is also a famous mountain scenery.

When the boat passes Penglangji, the waves are very big even if there is no wind. Penglangji probably got its name from this. There is a poem from the ancients: "Traders in the boat should not be crazy, my sister-in-law married Peng Lang the year before last." Legend has it that there is a statue of Peng Lang in the temple in Xiaogushan, and there is a statue of my sister-in-law in the temple in Penglangji, but this is not the case. That night, (my boat) stopped at Shajia, about one mile away from Xiaogushan.

It was raining, so I took a boat to visit the temple in Xiaogushan. Looking south, the mountains in the Pengze and Duchang areas are blurred by mist and rain, and the sand gulls and egrets have disappeared.

Mountaining a mountain and browsing the scenic spots near the water is the ultimate summit. I wandered for a long time before going back. As soon as I stood at the entrance of the temple, I saw a muscular eagle chasing a water bird and flying across the river to the southeast. It was very spectacular. The people who guard the temple said that there are many eagles living on the mountain.

The next morning, (the boat) had traveled less than twenty miles, when suddenly the wind started to rise, and (so) the rope was quickly tied. After a while, the sky turned sunny again, and (the boat) continued to move forward. After boating to Penglikou, I looked around and saw no bounds. Only then did I understand the beauty of Li Bai's poem "Sail into the Sky Mirror". Only then did I see Lushan Mountain and Dagushan Mountain.

Dagushan Mountain looks like Xiliang Mountain. Although it is not as beautiful as Xiaogushan Mountain, there are several sandbars and young reeds next to Xiaogushan Mountain; Dagushan Mountain is surrounded by The boundless river looks like it is floating on the water from a distance, which is also a wonder! The Yangtze River branches off from Hukou and becomes the Nanjiang River, which is the water area along Jiangxi Road.

(This section) The water in the Yangtze River is very turbid. Whenever water from the river is drawn, almonds must be used to clarify it, and it can be drunk after one night. The water of the Nanjiang River is very clear, and the confluence of the two rivers is as if divided by a rope ruler, so there is no confusion.

We arrived in Jiangzhou in the evening. The state capital was located in Dehua County, which was Xunyang County in the Tang Dynasty. Chaisang and Lili both belong to the Jiangzhou area; they were under the jurisdiction of the Fenghua Army in the Southern Tang Dynasty and are now under the jurisdiction of the Dingjiang Army.

The soil on the shore is red and stands upright like a wall. This is what Mr. Dongpo said, "The boatman pointed to the shore as if it were a pile of sand." (The boat) is anchored at the entrance of Penpu. The water is also very clear and does not mix with the river water.

From July 26th to today, there were only six days. One of the days was due to wind resistance (the boat). It actually took four and a half days to sail upstream and sailed 700 meters. inside.

Extended information:

Overall appreciation:

This prose has one to three paragraphs.

The first paragraph, from the beginning to "'Get all the wonderful things you have experienced'", describes the strange scenery of Fenghuoji. "On August 1st, I passed the beacon fire alum" is based on the form of a diary, and I briefly examine the beacon fire alum. It was an alarm facility formed by "beacons were set up from Wuchang to Jingkou" in the Southern Dynasties.

Then he tried his best to describe the scene of beacon fire and alum. Looking from a distance from the boat, we can only see the "unexpected" rocks on the riverside. A closer look shows that "the sinus caves embedded in the rock are all strange and shiny, and they are also very different from other rocks."

As for the "very different" characteristics, the author selected one of the rocks and deliberately took a close-up: "There is a stone, not attached to the mountain, which stands out, more than a hundred feet high, covered with red vines and green vines. "It's like a treasure-clad screen." These words clearly describe the extraordinary appearance of Jishi.

It looks tall and protruding, with "red vines" wrapped around it, and it looks like a finely decorated screen. So far, the strange scenery of Fenghuoji has been described from both the overall overview and the specific description, but the author still feels that it is not enough, so he cleverly borrows Du's poems to further supplement the description of the image. It was a calm day and "the boat sailed quite late", so we could carefully watch the scenery along the coast.

The main scene depicts Xiaogushan and Dagushan, with only a few strokes of Fenghuoji, which is like the prelude to the exhibition, allowing people to "go back and admire the scenery, and get the essentials from the best places." ".

The second paragraph, from "passing Penglangji" to "there are many falcons on the mountain", describes the steep beauty of Xiaogushan. "After passing Penglangji and Xiaogushan, the two mountains faced each other from east to west", he continued to write along the author's boat trip, and naturally transitioned to describing Xiaogushan.

Xiaogushan is located in the middle of the river in the north of Pengze County, Jiangxi. Because of the language distortion, "gu" is used as "gu". There is a temple for the goddess on the mountain, and the temple is opposite Penglangji, so there is a sister-in-law who married The legend of Peng Lang. Xiaogushan belonged to Susong County, Shuzhou during the Song Dynasty. Lu You's description of Xiaogushan begins with: "Xiaogushan belongs to Susong County, Shuzhou."

At that time, the Jiangfang Fortress was heavily guarded, and there were also troops stationed in Xiaogushan. First of all, we use analogy to compare Dushan Mountain in the Yangtze River, which is "famous all over the world", such as Jinshan Mountain and Jiaoshan Mountain in Zhenjiang, and Luoxing Mountain in Nanjing. "However, the steepness and beauty cannot be compared with Xiaogushan Mountain." This further highlights the Xiaogushan is better than other famous mountains, highlighting its "precipitous and beautiful" characteristics.

Then make a detailed description from far to near. Looking at Xiaogushan from dozens of miles away, I can only see that it is "a solitary green peak rising into the sky." These sentences refer to the steepness of the mountain.

Then it goes from far to near, "the closer it is, the more beautiful it becomes. It is sunny and rainy in winter and summer, and the posture changes." These sentences talk about the beauty of the mountains. It is precisely because of the steepness and beauty of the mountain that the author calls it a "beautiful thing that believes in nature." The words of extreme love and appreciation reflect the real feeling of viewing the scenery while boating. The author left the boat to climb a mountain to watch, "but the ancestral temple was extremely desolate."

The reason why the temple is in ruins echoes the above "there are garrison troops". During the years of war and chaos, no one built temples or ancestral halls. There are not only ancestral halls but also temples on the mountain. "The temple is located at the west foot of the mountain. Its forehead is called 'Huiji' and its deity is called 'Mrs. Anji'."

After talking about ancestral halls and temples, I also gave a brief explanation and explanation of various matters related to them. That is, Zhang Jun, a famous anti-Jin general in the Southern Song Dynasty, passed through Xiaogu Mountain when he returned from Huxiang and "tried to add camp and repairs." , and "there are monuments recording his events." After writing about the victory of Xiaogushan, I turned my pen to the scenery of Penglangji. Penglangji is located in Pengze County, "faced by the river on three sides and reflected in the water". It is close to the south bank of the Yangtze River and faces Xiaogushan on the north bank across the river.

Penglangji is a giant rocky rocky beach on the riverside. It is named after "the waves surge even when there is no wind". Penglangji was renamed Penglangfan because of Xiaogu Mountain. Peng Lang and his sister-in-law are just like a couple. The predecessors created a love story between the two, making the real paradise more full of mythology. Many excellent poems have been left behind for thousands of years.

He took Xiaogushan as his foothold and selected the vastness of the country with a large lens: "Looking south to the mountains of Pengze and Duchang, the mist and rain are in the sky, and the gulls and herons are extinct." These lines Like a splash-ink painting, it artistically reproduces the hazy beauty of the vast scene on the river. This kind of hazy beauty first intoxicated the author himself. He thought it was "the ultimate victory of climbing", so he lingered on it and "stayed there for a long time before returning".

Finally, we captured a scene of a "Jun Falcon fighting a waterfowl", saying that it "flew across the southeastern part of the Yangtze River, which is very powerful." The omission of this paragraph is in response to the previous article "Sunny and rainy in winter and summer, the postures change", and the scenery of Xiaogushan in the evening rain is added to make the previous summary text more concrete and visual.

The emphasis is on "show" in the front, and the emphasis on "robust" in the back. The two complement each other and make people appreciate the beauty of the country and the beauty of the country. Loving feelings. Jie Xun also used the words of a temple blessing to say that "there are many falcons on the mountain" to verify the author's spectacular sight. From the scenery to the people, the text is full of life.

The third paragraph, from "morning on the second day" to the end, describes the majesty of Dagushan. It still starts from time, but the place is expressed through movement.

After leaving Xiaogushan, less than twenty miles away, the boat suddenly encountered a storm. Obviously, the weather had changed drastically and a storm was likely to come. The author had to order the boatman to "Emergency mooring line". After all the changes, the sky "cleared again" and returned to normal conditions, so we set off for another trip.

This is a small episode, which gives people a thrilling feeling and enhances the authenticity of the article. Then I wrote about the weather and the lake surface. When the boat arrived at the mouth of Poyang Lake, the first thing I saw was the "endless" empty scene.

The description of Dagushan is in a foil way, which further shows its majesty. Let's first say that it is "similar in shape to Xiliang", which means that Dagushan and Xiliang Mountain are combined. Xiliang Mountain is located in He County, Anhui Province. It is an extremely majestic mountain. It faces Dongliang Mountain in Dangtu County across the river. The two mountains are collectively called Tianmen.

Comparing it with Xiaogushan again, it is said that Dagushan "is not as beautiful as my sister-in-law", but in comparison, each has its own merits. Beside Xiaogushan, "there are quite a few sandbars and wild reeds", which makes it particularly beautiful. On Dagushan, "there are big rivers on all sides, and it looks like floating water", which makes it particularly majestic. The beauty and grandeur form a sharp contrast. It is truly extraordinary and can be called a scenic spot in the mountains and rivers.

The scenery of Dagushan is outlined in just a few strokes. The article describes the water conditions at the foot of Dagushan Mountain. From the Yangtze River to Hukou, it branches into the Nanjiang River. The water in the Yangtze River is turbid, while the water in the Nanjiang River is clear. The two branches are not disordered. It can also be said to be one of the wonders at the foot of Dagushan Mountain.

The author of this paragraph also mentioned a little common sense in life, that is, the water of the Yangtze River is turbid. When drinking it, you should "clear it with almonds, and you can drink it after midnight." So far, the scenery of Dagushan has been completely written. Here is a journey as a summary of the paragraph. His itinerary was to "arrive in Jiangzhou late" and briefly introduced the situation in Jiangzhou. In particular, the river's characteristic "red soil and standing walls" makes it a beautiful sight.

Let's go back to "Bowanpu". Here, "the water is also very clear and not messy with the river water." This is the characteristic of Penpu that has the characteristics of the Nanjiang River. Although it is a slight touch, it is very harmonious with the full text. Forming one whole body. The author left Chizhou on July 26th, passed through Shuzhou and the waters of Jiangxi, arrived in Jiangzhou on the evening of August 2nd, and traveled 700 miles on August 6th. This ends this paragraph and brings the whole article to an end.

This prose is elegant, graceful and moving, and is also quite unique in art, comparable to the landscape and travel texts of the past dynasties.

The description of the trip in this prose completely follows the chronological order of the trip and the traces of the boat trip. First, Fenghuoji is written, focusing on Xiaogushan and Dagushan. Finally, the itinerary paragraph is used as a summary and clues. It is clear and well-organized, with an artistic effect of "scattered but not chaotic". Readers can take a fascinating journey according to what it is written.

To describe the scenery, the author successfully uses the method of contrast and foil. When writing about Xiaogu Mountain, first write "All the solitary mountains in the river, such as Jinshan Mountain, Jiaoshan Mountain, and Luoxing Mountain, are famous all over the world." Then make a sharp turn and say that "the steepness and beauty of other mountains cannot be compared with Xiaogushan Mountain." This is more descriptive. The beauty of Xiaogushan is highlighted.

When writing about the majesty of Dagushan, the beauty of Xiaogushan is contrasted, so that the strange grace of the two mountains is clearly displayed in front of the readers.

This prose is the author's travel diary. He just wrote it casually based on what he heard and saw, without any trace of formality.

Because it was written by hand without modification, some parts still feel rough. For example, the end of the last paragraph is purely a description of the travel date, and the writing is not elegant. Precisely because he has no intention of seeking work, the full text appears unusually simple, and the reading has a special sense of intimacy, allowing people to appreciate a kind of natural beauty.