Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Travel guide - What are the principles and policies of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council to encourage entrepreneurship and innovation?

What are the principles and policies of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council to encourage entrepreneurship and innovation?

mass entrepreneurship and mass innovation are the way to enrich the people and strengthen the country, which is conducive to the structural optimization of industries, enterprises and distribution. Facing the situation of increasing employment pressure, we must focus on cultivating a new engine of mass entrepreneurship and innovation, implement a more active employment policy, combine entrepreneurship and employment, promote employment with entrepreneurial innovation, and give birth to new impetus for economic and social development, providing new kinetic energy for promoting people's livelihood improvement, economic restructuring and social harmony and stability. The following suggestions are put forward to further improve employment and entrepreneurship:

1. Implement the employment priority strategy in depth

(1) Adhere to the strategy of expanding employment development. Take stabilizing and expanding employment as the lower limit of the reasonable range of economic operation, and take new employment in cities and towns and investigating unemployment rate as important indicators of macroeconomic regulation and control, and incorporate them into the national economic and social development plan and annual plan. Reasonably determine the economic growth rate and development mode, scientifically grasp the direction and intensity of macro-control, promote employment through steady growth, and encourage entrepreneurial employment to drive economic growth. Strengthen the matching connection between fiscal, taxation, finance, industry, trade and other economic policies and employment policies, and establish an evaluation mechanism for the impact of macroeconomic policies on employment. Establish an employment evaluation mechanism driven by public investment and major project construction, and give priority to projects that create more jobs and have good job quality under the same conditions.

(2) develop industries with strong ability to absorb employment. Innovate the development mode and format of service industry, support the development of commercial franchising and chain operation, vigorously develop productive service industries such as financial leasing, energy conservation and environmental protection, e-commerce, modern logistics, and life service industries such as tourism and leisure, health care for the elderly, family service, social work, culture and sports, create new economic growth points, and increase the employment proportion of service industries. Accelerate innovation-driven development, promote industrial transformation and upgrading, cultivate strategic emerging industries and advanced manufacturing industries, and increase the added value of labor-intensive industries; Combined with the implementation of the overall strategy of regional development, we will guide resource-processing and labor-intensive industries with cost advantages and capital-intensive and technology-intensive industries with market demand to transfer to the central and western regions, and tap the employment potential of the secondary industry. Promote agricultural modernization, speed up the transformation of agricultural development mode, cultivate new professional farmers, and encourage all kinds of urban and rural workers with culture, technology and market economy concept to work and start businesses in rural areas according to market demand.

(3) Give full play to the role of small and micro enterprises as owners' channels. Guide banking financial institutions to innovate products and services according to the operating characteristics and financing needs of small and micro enterprises. Develop financing guarantee institutions and re-guarantee institutions supported by the government, improve the risk sharing mechanism, and provide financing support for small and micro enterprises. We will implement tax policies to support the development of small and micro enterprises, strengthen market supervision and law enforcement and intellectual property protection, and give priority to the examination of core patent applications that small and micro enterprises urgently need to be authorized. Give full play to the advantages of the development of new carriers, introduce a competitive mechanism, and carry out city demonstrations of small and micro enterprises' entrepreneurial innovation bases, and the central government will give comprehensive rewards. Innovate the way of government procurement support, and eliminate the unreasonable restrictions such as condition identification and enterprise qualification faced by small and medium-sized enterprises to enjoy relevant preferential policies. Guide enterprises to improve employment management, provide employment and entrepreneurship support to small and micro enterprises that meet the relevant conditions, and continuously improve their employment-driven ability.

(4) actively prevent and effectively control unemployment risks. We will implement the policy of adjusting unemployment insurance rates, reduce the burden on enterprises and individuals, and stabilize jobs. We will expand the implementation scope of the unemployment insurance fund to support enterprises to stabilize their posts from three types of enterprises, such as merging and reorganizing enterprises, resolving overcapacity enterprises and eliminating backward production enterprises, to all eligible enterprises. Enterprises with difficulties in production and operation may, through collective consultation with employees, adopt on-the-job training, shift work, flexible working hours, negotiated salary and other measures to avoid layoffs or reduce layoffs. If it is really necessary to lay off employees, we should formulate a personnel placement plan, implement special employment assistance actions, properly handle labor relations and social insurance, and promote the unemployed to re-employment as soon as possible. The land compensation fees paid to enterprises according to the provisions of the merger and reorganization policy should be given priority to the resettlement of employees. Improve the unemployment monitoring and early warning mechanism and establish an employment emergency plan to deal with unemployment risks.

second, actively promote entrepreneurship to promote employment

(e) create a relaxed and convenient access environment. Deepen the reform of the commercial system, further implement the reform of the registered capital registration system, resolutely implement the "three certificates in one" of industrial and commercial business license, organization code certificate and tax registration certificate, and issue opinions on promoting the reform of the "three certificates in one" registration system and a unified social credit code plan during the year to achieve "one photo and one code". Continue to optimize the registration method, relax the registration control of business scope, support all localities to relax the restrictions on the registration conditions of newly registered enterprises in light of the actual situation, promote the reform of residence registration such as "one address and multiple photos" and cluster registration, and release residence resources by industry and format. Use big data to strengthen the service and supervision of market players. Relying on the enterprise credit information publicity system, we can realize centralized publicity of policies, support application navigation and enjoy publicity of support information. Establish a catalogue of small and micro enterprises and conduct sampling statistics on the development of small and micro enterprises. Promote the revision of laws, regulations and policy documents that are not connected and matched with the reform of the commercial system. Complete the clean-up of non-administrative licensing items in an all-round way, then cancel the decentralization of a number of administrative licensing items with high gold content, such as restricting economic development and restricting the vitality of enterprises, comprehensively clean up the administrative approval items set by the central government and implemented by local governments, and greatly reduce the pre-approval of investment projects. For the reserved examination and approval items, standardize the examination and approval behavior, clarify the standards, shorten the process, complete within a limited time, and promote "one window" acceptance and online parallel approval.

(6) cultivate a public platform for entrepreneurial innovation. Seize the important opportunity of new technological revolution and industrial transformation, adapt to the popularization trend of entrepreneurial innovation subjects, vigorously develop technology transfer and transformation, technology and finance, certification and accreditation, inspection and testing, summarize and promote new incubation modes such as maker space, entrepreneurial coffee and innovation works, accelerate the development of market-oriented, professional, integrated and networked creative space, and realize the combination of innovation and entrepreneurship, online and offline, incubation and investment, so as to provide entrepreneurs with low cost, convenience and completeness. Implement preferential tax policies for science and technology business incubators and university science parks, and apply preferential tax policies for science and technology business incubators to new incubators such as Zhongchuang Space that meet the requirements. Where conditions permit, appropriate subsidies can be given to the rent, broadband network and public software of Zhongchuang Space, or low-cost places can be provided by revitalizing resources such as commercial buildings and idle factories. Under the premise of conforming to the overall land use planning and urban and rural planning, or using the original approved parks, we can build entrepreneurial bases to provide services for entrepreneurs and build a number of entrepreneurial demonstration bases. Encourage enterprises to transform from the traditional control organization into a new entrepreneurial platform, so that employees can become entrepreneurs on the platform, forming an entrepreneurial ecosystem with market dominance, venture capital participation and enterprise incubation.

(7) broaden the investment and financing channels for entrepreneurship. Use fiscal and taxation policies to support the development of venture capital, venture capital and angel investment. Use the market mechanism to guide social funds and financial capital to support entrepreneurial activities and expand the scale of venture capital. In accordance with the principles of government guidance, market-oriented operation and professional management, we will speed up the establishment of the National Small and Medium-sized Enterprise Development Fund and the National Emerging Industry Venture Capital Guidance Fund, drive social capital to increase investment in entrepreneurial innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises, promote the growth of scientific and technological small and medium-sized enterprises in the initial stage, and support the development of enterprises in the early, middle and initial stages of emerging industries. Encourage local governments to set up venture capital guidance funds. Give play to the role of multi-level capital markets, accelerate the reform of capital markets such as the Growth Enterprise Market, strengthen the financing and trading functions of the national share transfer system for small and medium-sized enterprises, and standardize the development of regional equity markets serving small and micro enterprises. Pilot equity crowdfunding, promote multi-channel equity financing, actively explore and standardize the development of internet finance, develop new financial institutions and financing service institutions, and promote mass entrepreneurship.

(8) Support the development of venture guarantee loans. Adjust the small-sum secured loan to start-up secured loan, improve the availability of financial services for key employment groups and people in difficulty who have entrepreneurial requirements and certain entrepreneurial conditions but lack entrepreneurial funds, and clarify the support objects, standards and conditions. The maximum loan amount is uniformly adjusted from 5, yuan, 8, yuan and 1, yuan for different groups to 1, yuan. Encourage financial institutions to refer to loan prime rate, combined with risk sharing, and reasonably determine the loan interest rate level. If the business guarantee loan issued by individuals rises by less than 3 percentage points on the basis of loan prime rate, the finance will give a discount. Simplify procedures, refine measures, improve the assessment methods for loan issuance and the standardized management and restraint mechanism for financial discount funds, improve compensation efficiency, and improve the write-off methods for bad debts of guarantee funds.

(9) increase tax reduction and fee reduction. We will implement a more active tax preferential policy to promote employment and entrepreneurship, and adjust the scope of employees who have been unemployed for more than one year to those who have been unemployed for more than half a year. Key groups such as college graduates and registered unemployed people who establish individual industrial and commercial households and sole proprietorship enterprises can enjoy tax reduction and exemption policies according to law. We will promptly promote the tax pilot policy of Zhongguancun National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zone, and promote the pilot policy of pre-tax deduction of employee education funds, the pilot policy of paying personal income tax by installments when enterprises increase their share capital, and the pilot policy of paying personal income tax by installments with equity incentives to the whole country. Comprehensively clean up enterprise-related administrative fees, government funds, business service fees with compulsory monopoly, and enterprise-related fees of industry associations and chambers of commerce, and implement the enterprise-related fee list management system and the entrepreneurial burden reporting feedback mechanism.

(1) arouse the entrepreneurial enthusiasm of scientific researchers. Explore the relevant policies for professional and technical personnel in universities, research institutes and other institutions to start businesses on the job and leave their posts. For those who leave their posts to start a business, with the consent of the original unit, they can retain their personnel relations within 3 years, and enjoy the same rights as other on-the-job personnel in the original unit in terms of job title evaluation, post grade promotion and social insurance. The original unit shall, according to the actual situation of professional and technical personnel to start a business, sign or change the employment contract with them, and clarify the rights and obligations. Accelerate the promotion of pilot policies for the use, disposal and revenue management reform of scientific and technological achievements in central-level institutions. Encourage scientific research institutions, ordinary universities and vocational colleges established with financial funds to give priority to the transfer of scientific and technological achievements to small and micro enterprises founded by college graduates through cooperative implementation, transfer, licensing and investment. We will improve the incentive policy for scientific and technological personnel to start their own businesses, and relax the restrictions on the establishment period and profit level of enterprises with equity incentives and equity sales.

(11) encourage rural laborers to start businesses. Support migrant workers to return home to start businesses, develop new agricultural business entities such as farmers' cooperatives and family farms, and implement targeted tax cuts and universal fee reduction policies. Relying on the existing stock resources such as various parks, we will integrate and create a number of migrant workers' return home pioneer parks and strengthen financial support and financial services. Combine farmers' entrepreneurship with the development of county economy, vigorously develop labor-intensive industrial projects such as agricultural product processing, leisure agriculture, rural tourism and rural service industry, and promote the integration of rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries. Relying on public platforms such as grassroots employment and social security service facilities, we will provide entrepreneurial guidance and services. Encourage all kinds of enterprises and social institutions to make use of existing resources, build a number of demonstration bases and trainee bases for agricultural entrepreneurial innovation, and train a number of farmers' entrepreneurial innovation counselors. Support farmers to start businesses online, vigorously develop "internet plus" and e-commerce, actively organize innovative and entrepreneurial farmers to connect with enterprises, well-off villages, markets and parks, and promote rural youth to start businesses and enrich the people.

(12) create a good atmosphere for mass entrepreneurship. Support the holding of entrepreneurial training camps, entrepreneurial innovation competitions, the display and promotion of innovative achievements and entrepreneurial projects, build an entrepreneurial exchange platform, cultivate entrepreneurial culture, and create a good social atmosphere that encourages entrepreneurship and tolerates failure, so that mass entrepreneurship and innovation can become a common practice. For workers who meet the requirements for establishing social organizations and engaging in online entrepreneurship, corresponding entrepreneurial support policies are given. Promote the establishment of an entrepreneurial city, and commend those who implement policies well, have an excellent entrepreneurial environment and have achieved remarkable results.

Third, promote the employment of key groups such as college graduates as a whole

(13) Encourage college graduates to find jobs through multiple channels. Put the employment of college graduates in the first place in employment work. We will improve the way to further tilt wages and salaries to the grassroots level, improve the service guarantee mechanism for college graduates to work at the grassroots level, and encourage graduates to work in towns and villages, especially in difficult township institutions. For college graduates who go to the central and western regions, hard and remote areas and grass-roots units below the county level in old industrial bases to obtain employment and fulfill a certain service period, tuition compensation and national student loan compensation shall be given according to regulations. Combined with the promotion of the government's purchase of services, a number of public management and social service posts will be purchased at the grassroots level, especially in streets (towns) and communities (villages), and priority will be given to attracting the employment of college graduates. For small and micro enterprises that newly recruit college graduates in the graduation year, sign labor contracts for more than one year and pay social insurance premiums, they will be given social insurance subsidies for one year. We will implement and improve the trainee subsidy policy, and appropriately raise the trainee subsidy standard for trainee units with a retention rate of more than 5% upon the expiration of the trainee period. Adjust the job-seeking subsidy to the job-seeking and entrepreneurship subsidy, and expand the scope of the target to college graduates who have obtained national student loans. In-depth implementation of college students' entrepreneurship leading plan, employment promotion plan for unemployed college graduates, integrated development of college graduates' employment and entrepreneurship fund, improved management system and market-oriented operation mechanism, realized the rolling use of funds, and provided support for college graduates' employment and entrepreneurship. Actively support and encourage college graduates to join in modern agricultural construction. For college graduates who apply for flexible employment, they shall be included in various social insurances according to regulations, and public employment talent service institutions at all levels shall provide personnel and labor security agency services. Graduates of vocational education in technician colleges, preparatory technician classes and special education colleges can enjoy relevant employment subsidy policies with reference to college graduates.

(14) Strengthen employment assistance for people in need. Reasonably determine the scope of people with employment difficulties, standardize the identification procedures, and strengthen the dynamic management and classified assistance in real-name registration system. Adhere to the market orientation and encourage them to find jobs in enterprises, start their own businesses or find jobs flexibly. If the employing unit recruits people with employment difficulties, signs labor contracts and pays social insurance premiums, it will give social insurance subsidies within a certain period of time. For those who have difficulties in employment and pay social insurance premiums flexibly, a certain proportion of social insurance subsidies will be given. For those who are really difficult to achieve employment through market channels, they can be resettled through public welfare posts, and social insurance subsidies and appropriate post subsidies are given. The maximum period of social insurance subsidies and post subsidies is not more than 3 years, and those who enjoy the subsidy policy for the first time are less than 5 years away from retirement age, which can be extended to retirement. Standardize the development and management of public welfare posts, scientifically set the total number of public welfare posts, moderately control the size of posts, formulate post application and evaluation methods, and arrange people with employment difficulties in strict accordance with the law, and shall not be used to arrange people with non-employment difficulties. Strengthen the management and work assessment of the on-the-job situation of people with employment difficulties, establish a regular verification mechanism, improve the exit methods for people with employment difficulties to enjoy support policies after expiration, and do a good job in policy convergence and employment services after exit. Vigorously promote the employment of disabled people in proportion according to law, increase subsidies and incentives for employers to resettle disabled people, and establish a publicity system for employers to arrange employment of disabled people in proportion. We will speed up the improvement of support policies for concentrated employment units for the disabled and promote auxiliary employment and flexible employment for the disabled.