Why is the forest of steles in Xi 'an the largest treasure house of calligraphy art in China?

printing block

The forest of steles under Kuixing Building in the south wall of Xi is named after the forest of steles. This is an art treasure house with the earliest and most famous stone tablets in ancient China. It was built in Yuan You, North Song Zhezong for two years (1087). It was originally built to preserve the Thirteen Classics and Shitai Filial Piety Scriptures carved in the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty. Later, it was collected from generation to generation and its scale gradually expanded. It was called "Forest of Steles" in Qing Dynasty. After several renaming, it was officially named Xi 'an Beilin Museum on 1992. The museum is an art museum expanded from the former site of Xi 'an Confucius Temple, which mainly collects, studies and displays steles, epitaphs and stone carvings of past dynasties. Covering an area of 3 1.900 square meters, the museum consists of three parts: the Confucius Temple, the forest of steles and the stone carving art room, with 7 exhibition halls, 6 verandas and 1 pavilion, with an exhibition area of 4,900 square meters.

catalogue

brief introduction

general layout

No.1 exhibition hall

The second exhibition hall

The third exhibition hall

Stone carving art room

other

Overview of forest of steles

Qin Yi shanshi

Inscriptions in the Northern Dynasties (386-58 1)

Cao Quanbei, a Masterpiece in the Han Monument

Works of Wang Xizhi's father and son

Calligraphy art in Tang dynasty

Yu Shinan, four outstanding figures in early Tang Dynasty

Ouyang Xun

Chu suiliang

Yukime

Yan Zhenqing and Liu Gongquan in the Middle Tang Dynasty

Yan Zhenqing

Liu Gongquan

Zhang Xu and Huai Su's cursive script in Tang Dynasty

Xu Zhang

Huai Su

Appreciation of emperors and other works in Tang Dynasty

Introduction to Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and Modern Times

general layout

No.1 exhibition hall

The second exhibition hall

The third exhibition hall

Stone carving art room

other

Overview of forest of steles

Qin Yi shanshi

Inscriptions in the Northern Dynasties (386-58 1)

Cao Quanbei, a Masterpiece in the Han Monument

Works of Wang Xizhi's father and son

Calligraphy art in Tang dynasty

Yu Shinan, four outstanding figures in early Tang Dynasty

Ouyang Xun

Chu suiliang

Yukime

Yan Zhenqing and Liu Gongquan.

Yan Zhenqing, Liu Gongquan, Zhang Xu and Huai Su in the Middle Tang Dynasty

Appreciating the cursive script of Tang Dynasty, Zhang Xu, Huai Su, emperors of Tang Dynasty and other works, introducing the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and modern times; Edit this profile.

abstract

Strasbourg Forest in Xi 'an

Xi An Beilin Museum Xi An Beilin is located in the famous ancient city Xi An San Xue Street (named after Chang 'an School, Fu Xue School and Xianning School in Qing Dynasty). It was established in the second year of the Northern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1078) to preserve the "stone-breaking". In the past 900 years, nearly 3,000 stone tablets have been collected, expanded and carefully protected. There are six stele corridors, seven stele rooms and eight stele pavilions, and the 1087 square stele is on display. In the exhibition room with famous monuments, there are a vast number of stone classics of Confucian scholars and philosophers; The simple legacy of Qin and Han literati; Hua Ying in the Epitaphs of Wei, Jin and Northern Dynasties: peerless calligraphy by famous people in Tang Dynasty, natural and unrestrained pen and ink by famous people in Song and Yuan Dynasties. The brushstrokes of Wang Xizhi, the master of calligraphy and painting, and Wu Daozi, the cool breeze of Wang Wei's bamboo shadow, both of which are excellent in poetry and painting, add luster to the forest of steles. Xi 'an Stele Forest has become an important part of China's treasure house of historical relics with its unique characteristics, and was announced as the first batch of key cultural relics protection units in China on 1962.

general layout

The exhibition hall of the museum is symmetrically arranged from south to north with the central gate of Xingxingmen as the main axis. The first half is a temporary special exhibition room. The north of the exhibition hall with the words "Forest of Steles" engraved in the center of the central axis is the Forest of Steles exhibition room, and the west is the stone carving art room. Entering the gate of Xi 'an Temple Forest of Steles, you can see a four-corner pavilion with two-story cornices, in which stands the famous "Shi Tai Xiao". This is a rectangular stone tablet, consisting of four stone slabs, with a height of 5. 1 m, which is placed on a three-story stone platform. The Book of Filial Piety is a classic to carry forward Confucianism, which was valued by feudal dynasties. In the fourth year of Tang Tianbao (AD 745), Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, personally added notes and wrote them in official script.

No.1 exhibition hall

Strolling through the bluestone trail, the forest of steles is antique and leisurely, and thousands of inscriptions are dazzling, which can not help but sigh the profoundness of China's ancient culture. In front of the first showroom is a pavilion specially built for display. It is the largest stone tablet in the forest of steles. It was carved in 745 AD and written by Li Longji himself. The Book of Filial Piety was compiled by Confucius' students and devoted to filial piety. The first part is Li Longji's Preface to Filial Piety. Xuanzong prefaced the Book of Filial Piety to show that he wanted to rule the world with filial piety. Secondly, the original filial piety. The fine print is the annotation made by Xuanzong for the Book of Filial Piety.

. The base is composed of three stone platforms, engraved with vivid line descriptions, such as creeping weeds and lion flowers, which are more representative in the middle Tang Dynasty. This is a relief cirrus beast. This monument consists of four stones with a stone platform under it, so it is called "stone platform filial piety". It is mainly displayed in the showroom, including six volumes of Zhouyi, Shangshu 13, Book of Songs, Zhou Li10/volume, Book of Rites 17, Book of Rites, 20 volumes, and Spring and Autumn Annals. More than 30,000 words of 17 inscribed in the Qing Dynasty are also displayed here. 12 Confucian classics are required books for intellectuals in feudal society. Because printing was not very developed at that time, in order to avoid mistakes when scholars copied the scriptures and to preserve them permanently, we carved this 12 scripture on a stone tablet as a model and set it up in imperial academy, Chang 'an for proofreading. Since the Eastern Han Dynasty, China has been engraved seven times. It is the only remaining complete set of stone carving classics.

The second exhibition hall

The second room shows many stone tablets with historical value. Chinese stele, a popular Nestorianism in Daqin, was founded in 78 1 year, and later generations excavated it from underground. This monument describes the grand occasion of the introduction of Nestorianism in ancient Rome into China, and the names of 70 Nestorianism believers are engraved on the side of the monument in Syrian. The historical facts recorded on the stone tablet are not recorded in Chinese and foreign historical books, so they are precious. In the Qing Dynasty, helmer, a Dane, took the gold to Xi 'an and stole it, so he had to have the client carve a fake monument (existing in London). It is a valuable material for the study of Sino-foreign relations, and its rubbings have long been exported abroad. China-Nepal stupa is a kind of cylindrical stone carving, which has hexagonal, octagonal and cylindrical shapes. It is carved in China and Nepal, reflecting the Buddhist exchange between China and Nepal. Bukong monk tablet reflects the historical fact that Indian Buddhism was introduced into China. Mingde Monument records the peasant regime "Dashun State" established by Li Zicheng, a peasant uprising army in the late Ming Dynasty, and reflects the tragic situation of "cannibalism" in Shaanxi after the disaster. Cao Quanbei is a monument to Cao Quan in Han Dynasty, but it ruthlessly records the fact that he suppressed the Yellow turban insurrectionary uprising.

The third exhibition hall

The stone tablet in the third room contains the handwriting of famous calligraphers of past dynasties. Li Si's seal script of Qin Dynasty can be found in Yishan Monument. Cao Quanbei has official script of Han Dynasty. Wang Xizhi's calligraphy in the Eastern Jin Dynasty can be found in Tang Sanzang Shengjiao Monument, and later generations wrote it from his ink, which is called Qianjin Monument. "Tangduo Pagoda Induction Monument" is kept in regular script by Yan Zhenqing in Tang Dynasty; Liu Gongquan's regular script is left in the monument of the secret tower of Xuanzong in Tang Dynasty. Judging thousands of words left a cursive script of Zhang Xu in Tang Dynasty. In addition, the calligraphy handwriting of Evonne in Song Dynasty, Huang Tingjian in Yuan Dynasty, Zhao Mengfu, Dong Qichang in Ming Dynasty and the emperor in Qing Dynasty. From here, we can see the development track of China characters and calligraphy. People who like calligraphy can buy photocopied tablets in the museum. Walking in the forest of steles, you can not only appreciate the beautiful art of calligraphy, but also see the exquisite patterns on the steles. For example, the Monument of Guandi Zhu Shi in the Qing Dynasty, the Monument of Kuixing Fudou in the Ming Dynasty, and the Picture of Tang Xingqing Palace in the Song Dynasty.

Stone carving art room

The stone carving art room and veranda have collected stone carving treasures from all over Shaanxi, such as stone beasts and portrait stones in the Eastern Han Dynasty, squatting lions and rhinoceroses in the Tang Dynasty. The famous "Six Horses in Zhaoling" is still here. The stone lanterns of the Tang Dynasty displayed here are very eye-catching. The lamp is divided into nine layers, and the shape and pattern of the lamp shell are very beautiful. Stone lanterns along the way to the "Spring Festival Shrine" near Nara, Japan, are like this Tang lantern site, Xi 'an Stele Forest.

Build. In addition, a stone tomb door from the Eastern Han Dynasty was unearthed and moved here, as well as a sarcophagus from the Tang Dynasty. Music and dance of stars carved on stones, photos of ladies, civil servants painted in relief outside stones and people riding dragons and impatiens are all historical and artistic treasures. When you come to the forest of steles, don't forget that there is a Jing Yun clock with a height of 2.5 meters and a weight of 6 tons. Every year on New Year's Eve, the bells issued by CCTV come from this giant clock.

other

With its vast collection and rich cultural connotation, it is praised by the world as "the treasure house of oriental culture", "the cradle of calligraphy art" and "the oldest stone carving library in the world"-this is the Xi 'an Beilin Museum, which provides extremely valuable information and calligraphy art for studying the ancient history of China. Index of tourist routes in scenic spots: the first exhibition room of Xiaojing Beilin in Shitai, Jing Yun, the third exhibition room of Beilin, the epitaph gallery of Northern Wei Dynasty, and the fourth exhibition room of Beilin.