The meaning of Wuyi Lane

Wuyi Lane is located on the south bank of the Qinhuai River in Nanjing. During the Three Kingdoms period, it was the location of the barracks of Wu Guomao's troops guarding Stone City. At that time, sergeants all wore black uniforms, so the alley was named "Wuyi". Later, it became a settlement area for the noble gentry during the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Wang Dao, the founding father of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and Xie An, who commanded the Battle of Feishui, both lived here. In 1997, the People's Government of Qinhuai District restored Wuyi Lane and rebuilt the Wangxie Ancient Residence in a national style. Liu Yuxi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote "Wu Yi Xiang", with the poem "In the old days, the swallows in front of Wang Xie's hall flew into the homes of ordinary people", lamenting that Wang Xie's old residence has long since disappeared. This is a famous poem in which the poet hides his emotions and expresses his feelings. It is one of the poems "Five Questions of Jinling".

Introduction

Scenery of Wuyi Lane (1) (20 photos) Wuyi Lane is located south of Confucius Temple. During the Three Kingdoms period, it was the location of the barracks of Wu Guomao's troops guarding Stone City. At that time, all sergeants wore black uniforms, so Wuyi Lane was named after "Wuyi". At the beginning of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, minister Wang Dao lived here, and later it became a residential area for wealthy families such as Wang and Xie. In the mid-Tang Dynasty, the poet Liu Yuxi lamented that "in the old days, the swallows in front of Wang Xie's hall flew into the homes of ordinary people." This shows that Wang Xie's old residence has long since disappeared. During the Southern Song Dynasty, Jiankang City was restored and developed for a time, and "commodities were prosperous and the people were prosperous." People rebuilt the "Laiyan Hall" on the ruined former residences of Wang and Xie. It is located in the east of Wuyi Lane. The building is simple and elegant, and portraits of Director Wang and Xie An are hung in the hall. Scholars and tourists continued to visit, and it became a place to pay homage to the famous figures of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and express their nostalgia for the ancient times. At present, it is a small narrow street, where "ordinary people's homes" still live. However, the shops on both sides of the street have been opened as folk handicraft shops, where Chinese and foreign tourists can view and buy various handicrafts. In 1997, the People's Government of Qinhuai District restored Wuyi Lane and rebuilt the Wangxie Ancient Residence in a national style.

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Crow Yi Lane has a long history. According to historical records, its name originated from the Three Kingdoms period. In the Battle of Chibi, Sun Quan and Liu Bei formed an alliance to defeat Cao's army, establishing a situation in which the world was divided into three parts. At that time, in 220 AD, Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, and his country was named "Wei". In 221 AD, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, and his country was named "Han", commonly known as Shu or Shu Han. In 229 AD, Sun Quan proclaimed himself emperor, and his country was named "Wu". It was called Soochow. In the autumn and July of that year, Sun Quan moved the capital from Wuchang to Nanjing. Moling was renamed Jianye, which means "building meritorious services". Sun Quan was the first emperor in history to establish a military capital in Nanjing. At that time, Sun Quan's soldiers all wore black clothes, and the place where they were stationed was called Wuyi Camp. Wuyi Lane

In 280 AD, the Jin army captured Jianye, Sun Hao surrendered, Wu died, and Jianye was renamed Jianye (there is a district in Nanjing called Jianye District). Scenery of Wuyi Lane (2) (13 photos) In 290 AD, Emperor Wu of Jin died. The palace and the kings competed for power and killed each other, leading to the Eight Kings Rebellion. In 307 AD, Emperor Huai of the Jin Dynasty, Sima Chi, appointed Langxie King "Sima Rui" as General Andong to manage Yangzhou, Jiangnan and other places. In 317 AD, the then emperor Sima Ye was captured and the Western Jin Dynasty perished. The following year, Sima Rui was promoted as emperor and the capital was established in Jiankang, which is now Nanjing. The reason why Sima Rui was able to base himself on Jianye, reorganize the political power with Shunli, and extend the Jin Dynasty was due to Wang Dao's planning and maneuvering. The Wang family represented by Wang Dao and the Xie family represented by Xie An The family all lived at the former site of Sun Wu's Wuyi Camp. At this time, Wuyi Camp had been renamed "Wuyi Lane". Wang Dao helped found the Eastern Jin Dynasty with a history of hundreds of years; Xie An commanded the Battle of Feishui, defeating Fu Qin's million-strong army with a small number and a large number. As famous figures of a generation, Wang and Xie are enough to be remembered by future generations. What is even more surprising is that the Wang and Xie families are full of talented people. Wang Xizhi and two other great calligraphers, Wang Xianzhi and Wang Xun, reached the pinnacle of calligraphy achievements. Xie Lingyun is the originator of the Chinese landscape poetry school. He, together with Xie Huilian and Xie Tiao, the great poets who are descendants of the Xie family, are known as the "Three Xies" in the history of literature. After entering the Tang Dynasty, Wuyi Lane fell into ruins. Liu Yuxi, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote a popular poem: "Weeds and flowers beside the Suzaku Bridge, the sun sets at the entrance of Wuyi Lane, and the swallows in front of Wang Xietang in the old days flew into the homes of ordinary people." This is a sigh for this place. In just a few strokes, the vicissitudes of Wuyi Lane from the Six Dynasties to the mid-Tang Dynasty are described. Since then, Wuyi Lane has become famous both at home and abroad, attracting endless tourists. The poem now carved at the entrance of the alley was written by Comrade Mao Zedong. During the Southern Song Dynasty, Jiankang City was restored and developed for a time, with "commodities prospering and people prospering." People rebuilt the "Laiyan Hall" on the ruined former residences of Wang and Xie. The building is simple and elegant, with portraits of Director Wang and Xie An hanging in the hall. Scholars and tourists continued to visit, and it became a place to pay homage to the famous figures of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and express their nostalgia for the ancient times.

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Liu Yuxi’s cursive calligraphy calligraphy of “Black Clothes Alley”

[1] “Old Clothes Alley” Author: Liu Yuxi’s wild grass and flowers beside the Zhuque Bridge , the sun sets at the entrance of Wuyi Alley. In the old days, the swallows in front of Wang Xietang flew into the homes of ordinary people. Zhuque Bridge is outside Jinling City, and Wuyi Lane is beside the bridge. Swallows in black clothes, in the old days of Wang Xie’s house, there were many swallows in the courtyard. Wang Xie, Wang Dao, Xie An, Prime Minister of Jin, aristocratic families, and many talented people all lived in the lanes, wearing crowns and hairpins. They were wealthy families in the Six Dynasties (Wu, Eastern Jin, Song, Qi, Liang, and Chen successively established their capitals in Jiankang, now Nanjing). By the time of the Tang Dynasty, all of them had disappeared without knowing their whereabouts.

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Liu Yuxi’s emotion about Wuyi Lane in Nanjing comes from the two prominent prime minister families of Wang and Xie who once lived in this ancient lane: First, Wang Dao helped found the Eastern Jin Dynasty with a history of hundreds of years; the other was Xie An, who commanded the Battle of Feishui and defeated Fu Qin's million-strong army with a small number and a large number. As famous prime ministers of their generation, Wang and Xie are enough to be remembered by future generations. What is even more surprising is that the Wang and Xie families are full of talented people. The ancient alley where they live still has the style of "Wang's calligraphy and Xie's poetry". Wang Xizhi and two other great calligraphers, Wang Xianzhi and Wang Gou, reached the pinnacle of calligraphy achievements. Wuyi Lane

Wuyi Lane is famous throughout the ages, not only because Wang Dao and Xie An lived here, but also the calligrapher "Wang Xizhi" and the originator of landscape poetry "Xie Lingyun, Xie Tao" also lived here, but also because Wang Dao and Xie An lived here. Xie's two big families lived here for three hundred years, and a number of figures emerged who had a profound impact on the history of the Jin Dynasty. In all dynasties, figures from the two big families participated in important political events and had a considerable impact on history. Impact. Starting from the bustling Confucius Temple, walking across the Wende Bridge on the Qinhuai River, leaving behind the charming Meixiang Tower and heading southwest for tens of meters, you can see the inscriptions and poetry monuments erected in Wuyi Lane. The alley is narrow, paved with blue bricks, and has low antique-style houses on both sides. Everything seems very ordinary, so ordinary that many uninformed people think it is just a typical Jiangnan alley. A quiet, nostalgic alley. However, it is not ordinary, because it is not another alley, it is Wuyi Alley. We push history back 1,700 years, to the era of the Three Kingdoms and Soochow. At that time, Nanjing was still called Jianye. If the construction of Yue City by King Gou Jian of Yue was the beginning of the construction of Nanjing, the construction industry at that time had only a history of 800 years. At that time, Jianye was far smaller than Nanjing today, and the entire capital of Soochow was only spread out around Jilong Mountain and Fuzhou Mountain. At that time, the rulers of the Sun Dynasty still lived in the legendary Taichu Palace. The Qinhuai River at that time was much wider than today, with rippling blue waves and sparkling water. At that time, people did not know what role their capital city would play in history in the future. The golden powder of the Six Dynasties and the beauty of Qinhuai would have to wait hundreds or even thousands of years before they would appear in people's sight. At that time, the legendary Confucius Temple and the Ming City Wall were just flat land. However, if we could go back to that time, we would see that in this alley beside the Qinhuai River, there were already groups of soldiers in black living, training, talking and laughing. This is the location of the Wuyi Camp of the Soochow Imperial Guard. Naturally, people call this alley Wuyi Alley. Later, someone said that the word "black clothes" actually came from the love of Wang Xie's children to wear black clothes. I felt that although it was romantic, it was not as deep and meaningful as the Dongwu clothes. Walking in Wuyi Lane, the buildings on both sides are all painted with white walls. With antique black tile roofs, doors, windows and eaves, it has the feel of an ancient alley. These are all newly built houses based on ancient architectural styles by the Qinhuai District government not long ago, and complement each other well with the Ming and Qing dynasty buildings in Qinhuai District. After entering the alley and turning a corner, you can see the four golden characters "Wang Xie Ancient Residence" very conspicuous on the snow-white wall, followed by a large mansion with a large plaque of "Wang Xie Ancient Residence" hanging high. , it is undoubtedly the legendary Wang Xietang Mansion. So people can't help but think of the sentence "In the old days, Wang Xietang was in front of Yan". Undoubtedly, every brick and stone in Wuyi Lane is closely connected with the history of Wang Dao and Xie An's two families. The history of the two major families, Director Wang and Xie An, is undoubtedly closely connected with the history of the entire Eastern Jin Dynasty, and even the entire cultural history of China. It turns out that several powerful figures once lived in this alley. Wuyi Lane First of all, there is Wang Dao, a minister who played an important role in the establishment of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. At first it was Anton Sima of Jin Dynasty Langya King Sima Rui. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, the Eight Kings Rebellion broke out, and the rule of the Western Jin Dynasty collapsed. Director Wang assessed the situation and believed that the world was in chaos and the only one who could revitalize the Jin Dynasty was Sima Rui. So he wholeheartedly recommended and planned for it. It was he who persuaded Sima Rui to move the capital to Jiankang (Jianye in Soochow, today's Nanjing), laying the foundation for the Eastern Jin Dynasty. It was he who relied on the power of the northern gentry to unite with the gentry in the south of the Yangtze River and assisted Sima Rui in establishing the Eastern Jin regime that was based on Jiangzuo. He successively served as the prime minister and assistant of the three emperors of Jin, Yuan, Ming and Cheng. He maintained the stability of the Eastern Jin Dynasty with the policy of "keep calm and calm the people". As the founder of the resurgence of the Jin Dynasty, Wang Dao was unparalleled in his achievements and enjoyed great glory for a time. It is said that on the day Sima Rui ascended the throne, he actually wanted to pull Director Wang to his side to receive congratulations from all the officials. There is even a saying among the people that "the king and his horse rule the world", which shows that his power is overwhelming. The founding father of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, his mansion is located in Wuyi Lane. Next is Xie An, a legendary figure in Chinese history. He once lived in seclusion in Dongshan and used Zhuge as a metaphor for himself. He did not serve as prime minister until he was in his forties, thus creating the idiom "come back from the mountain" in our vocabulary. When he first took office, he successfully prevented Huan Wen from usurping the throne. In the eighth year of Taiyuan, he commanded a miraculous battle in Chinese history: the Battle of Feishui. With 80,000 elite troops, he defeated the former Qin Dynasty Fu Jian's 1 million army, thus establishing a stable situation in the Southern Dynasty for 300 years. In this battle that is considered to have changed the history of China, Xie An showed his style with ease. According to the "Book of Jin - Biography of Xie An", he was playing chess with others when the news of the victory in the Battle of Feishui came. After reading the military book, he showed no expression and continued to make moves.

Others couldn't help asking him, but he just said calmly: "Young people have already broken the thief." He was so calm. This man who turned the tide from collapse and saved the Eastern Jin Dynasty from collapse also had his residence in Wuyi Lane. For the first time, Wuyi Lane attracted the attention of history. You can imagine how lively and prosperous Wuyi Lane must have been as the residence of the powerful ministers at that time, and as a gathering place for aristocrats and scholar-bureaucrats! A high-end mansion, a BMW and a fancy car. During the day, the eaves are painted like clouds, and at night, the lights are like rain. More importantly, this place is no longer just the courtyard of a wealthy family, it has become an indispensable landscape in the history of Chinese culture. When we look back today, we will all marvel at the literary talents of the Wang and Xie clans at that time. In our memory, I am afraid that no other two families can produce so many figures who occupy such an important position in the history of culture; I am afraid that there is no place like Wuyi Lane where so many people have gathered together in such a short period of time. So many figures leaving their names in history. People often talk about romance through the ages, and the late Tang Dynasty poems by characters from the Wei and Jin Dynasties are the most popular. In the Crow Clothes Alley of the Eastern Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, even if we only take a brief glance, our eyes are already full of stars. Wuyi Alley

Xie An, the commander of the Battle of Feishui just mentioned, was known as a romantic young man. According to historical records, he was fond of chanting for scholars in Luoxia. His voice was thick and thick due to rhinitis, and it became fashionable, causing people to hold their noses and imitate it. He has a quiet personality and the demeanor of a Confucian general. In addition to the allusions about coming back from the mountain, the idioms such as throwing a whip to cut off the flow, the sound of wind and the roar of cranes, etc. originating from the Battle of Feishui are also attributed to him. Xie Daoyun, the daughter of Anxi General Xie Yi, is a famous talented woman. Snow was once described as "not as good as catkins blowing in the wind", which has become a famous saying. Later, he married Wang Ningzhi, Wang Xizhi's son. He was dissatisfied with his mediocrity and sighed: "I really didn't know that there was such a prince under the world." It became the origin of the idiom "Wanglang of Heaven and Earth". Xie Lingyun, the grandson of Xie An, is an important poet in the history of Chinese literature and the originator of the landscape poetry genre. His poems are said to be like hibiscus emerging from water. The famous saying "Spring grass grows in the pond, and willows in the garden turn into songbirds" has been passed down for thousands of years and has impressed many literati. Xie Huilian, Xie Lingyun's younger brother, was a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. It was quite famous at that time. Xie Tiao, also known as Xiao Xie, was a poet of the Qi Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties. Emperor Gaozu was the brother of Xie An. The developer of landscape poetry is extremely unworthy of his poetic reputation. It is said that Qi Emperor Xiao Yan once said: "If you don't read Xie Tiao's poems for three days, you will feel bad breath." Li Bai, the poet of the Tang Dynasty, highly praised him and mentioned him many times in his poems and praised him endlessly. Later generations even said that Li Bai "bowed his head and thanked Xuancheng throughout his life." Together with Xie Lingyun and Xie Huilian, they are known as the "Three Xies". As for the royal family, the famous calligrapher Wang Xi is famous all over the world. He is the son of Wang Dao and his disciple. His work "Lanting Preface" has always been regarded as "the best running script in the world". Wang Xianzhi, the son of Wang Xizhi, is also a famous calligrapher. He is known as the "Little Saint". Together with his father, he is known as the Second Sage, and they are both first-class figures in the history of calligraphy. Among the Wang family, Wang Tanzhi, Wang Huizhi and Wang Ningzhi are not unknown, and various stories have been passed down to this day. In addition to Wuyi Lane, celebrities in Jiankang at that time included the famous poets Yan Yannian, Shen Yue, Bao Zhao, Prince Xiao Tong who edited "Selected Works of Zhaoming", Liu Xie who wrote "Wen Xin Diao Long", Zhong Rong, the author of Poetry >>. The protagonist of the idiom "putting the finishing touch" is the painter Zhang Sengyao. If we broaden the scope further, we can include the mathematician Zu Chongzhi, the astronomer Yu Xi, the chemist Ge Hong, the medical scientist Tao Jinghong, the philosopher Fan Zhen who wrote "The Theory of the Destruction of Gods", and the eminent monk Faxian, etc. When these people are in Jiankang, they will more or less have a relationship with Wuyi Lane, a high-end residential area. This is a great era. As Yu Qiuyu said, these people are almost all pioneering giants in their respective fields. In the turbulent times of the times, Wu Yixiang witnessed all this with his own eyes. This is the luck of Wuyi Lane. Its name has been written into history along with the legacy of this large number of geniuses and can no longer be erased. Today, the renovated Wangxie Ancient Residence is divided into Laiyan Hall, Tingzheng Hall and Jianjin Tower. "Lai Yan" is taken from the story of Xie An delivering a message in Yan. Tingzheng Hall was the place where Emperor Xiaowu of Jin Dynasty came to Xie's house to listen to Xie An play the guzheng. "Jian Jin" clearly means "taking history as a mirror to know the ups and downs". The large characters on the plaque are all written in official style, which is a great legacy of the Wei and Jin Dynasties. Inside the building there are sculpture exhibitions from the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the living room of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, murals from the Battle of Feishui, the Seven Sages in the Bamboo Grove, a copy of Gu Kaizhi's "Luo Shen Fu", and the meandering drinking water canal imitating the Orchid Pavilion. It is also possible to re-see the style of Wei and Jin characters. Upstairs is an exhibition room of Qinhuai history. After walking out of Wangxie Ancient Residence, we still returned to the bluestone path in Wuyi Lane. There are green bricks and small tiles on both sides, hanging corridors, and the buildings are undulating in an orderly manner and integrated into one. It should be very beautiful and spectacular. But it still makes people feel a little uncomfortable and feels that it is too new. On the contrary, I hope it has a taste of vicissitudes of life. Liu Yuxi's sentences seem to linger in my heart for some reason. The gold powder and romance of the Six Dynasties painted the Qinhuai River and Wuyi Lane with the most brilliant colors. However, with the collapse of an era, the myth of Wuyi Lane, and even the myth of Jinling, the imperial capital of the Six Dynasties, flourished and declined. In 581 AD, the Sui Dynasty defeated the Chen Dynasty and unified the country. On the day Jinling City was destroyed, the palaces of the Six Dynasties were burned down. The fire continued for several days.

In order to prevent the emergence of separatist rule in Jinling, Jinling was reduced to the status of a general state or county. At this time, the Wang Xie Xian clan had long been in decline, and the Qinhuai River, which seemed to be full of glory, had lost its former glory. The Sui Dynasty was short-lived and was soon destroyed by the Tang Dynasty. Years of wars and wars continued, so the monuments of the Six Dynasties and the prosperous past were destroyed to ashes, replaced by ruins and devastation. The Gaofu Huadi in Wuyi Lane has long since disappeared. Weeds are everywhere, and the earth is scorched and the crows are dim. Only the Huai River is still there, and it is just flowing in a desolate way. Crow Yi Lane seems to be disappearing from people's memory. Perhaps many years later, we can only find a few words about it again only in the passionate poems of our predecessors and only in the golden and colorful parallel sentences of the Six Dynasties. Imagine its dreamlike prosperity and let out a Babylonian sigh. But in this ruins, there are still people coming. And the people who came were not just ordinary people. Li Bai, Cui Hao, Liu Yuxi, Du Mu, Li Shangyin, Wei Zhuang. Several of the greatest poets of the Tang Dynasty visited Jinling. After the Southern Tang Dynasty, people continued to come during the Song and Yuan dynasties. Wang Anshi, Zhou Bangyan, Zhu Dunru, Sadura, etc. Several of the most famous poets from the Song and Yuan Dynasties came to Jinling for a visit. They all come to remember the past. Suddenly, Jinling nostalgia is not just a simple poetry theme. Suddenly, it became a special topic in Chinese culture, a unique and grand system. This is absolutely unique in the history of literature. Suddenly, a miracle appeared in Chinese culture. When Li Bai came to Jinling, he climbed to the Phoenix Terrace, looked at Bailuzhou, and then said: "The flowers and plants of the Wu Palace are buried in the secluded paths, and the Jin Dynasty clothes have become ancient hills." (<>) Famous sayings and masterpieces through the ages. Du Mu came. He moored on the Qinhuai River at night and heard the sound of string singing, so he said: "The merchant girls do not know the hatred of the country's subjugation, but they still sing about the flowers in the backyard across the river." (<>) Another famous sentence through the ages, and This is an eternal masterpiece. As for Wuyi Alley, Liu Yuxi finally arrived, waiting for "weeds and flowers beside the Suzaku Bridge, and the setting sun at the entrance of Wuyi Alley", and waiting for "the swallows in front of the Wang Xietang in the old days, flying into the homes of ordinary people." Crow Clothes Alley

The plum blossoms are washed away, and all the red flowers are gone. The powder of the Six Dynasties followed the Qinhuai River eastward and never returned. The old dream of prosperity will never come back again as the music and songs fade away. Nowadays, everything in Wuyi Alley has changed. The originally magnificent Zhuque Bridge has long been overgrown with weeds and is in a state of decay; the original solemn entrance of Wuyi Alley is only left with the blood-like sunset light. How many famous figures were there in the Wang Xie family back then, but where are they now? Now there is only ruins here, with the most ordinary people living in crumbling low houses. Only the swallows flying here and there seemed to be familiar, perhaps they were left behind to witness the vicissitudes of life. The whole poem seems to be hidden, but the desolation of history, the impermanence of the world, the white clouds of wealth and glory, and the loneliness behind fame and disgrace are all revealed in this seven-character quatrain as never before, and it is more painful, helpless, and full of emotions than ever before. A sense of destiny. Literary history remembers Crow Yi Lane at this moment. From this moment on, all literati, scholars, officials, students, and common people in later generations, as long as he or she faces literature, cannot escape the name of Wuyi Lane. Liu Yuxi took one last look at the dilapidated alley before leaving. Little did he know that at that moment, Wuyi Lane was reborn among the weeds and ruins. At that moment, Wuyi Lane no longer needed any bricks and tiles to rebuild, it had gained eternity. In addition to "Wuyi Lane", Liu Yuxi also left other famous poems in Jinling. My motherland is surrounded by mountains, and the city is lonely in the empty city. ("Stone City") The past has been broken several times in this life, but Yamagata is still pillowed in the cold current. ("Nostalgia for the Ancients in Xisai Mountain") ...After the tragedy of Empress Li, poets from the Song Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty came again. Wang Anshi's "Guizhixiang - Jinling Nostalgia" stands out among more than thirty poems with the same name: ... Sighing at the building outside the door, sorrow and hatred continue. For thousands of years, I have been proud of my high position, and I have long lamented this honor and disgrace. The old events of the Six Dynasties flow with the flowing water, but the cold smoke fades and the grass turns green. To this day, Shang women still sing this song from time to time, a legacy of the harem. It is said that Su Dongpo sighed after reading this poem: This old man is a wild fox spirit. Zhou Bangyan, the master of Song Dynasty poetry, showed a rare tragedy: ...the old ruins are empty, the sky is green, and the fog is halfway down. Late at night, the moon comes over the female wall, and I look eastward at the Huai River sadly. Is there a place where wine, flags, and drums are played? I want to vaguely thank my neighbors. The swallows don't know where they live, but they face each other in ordinary alleys, as if they were talking about rise and fall in the setting sun. ("Xihe-Jinling Nostalgia") Sadura, a poet of the Yuan Dynasty, brought the topic of nostalgic to the fullest: Six generations of luxury, spring has passed, and there is no news. Looking at the sky with despair, the mountains and rivers are so beautiful that they are no longer what they used to be. The two swallows in front of Wang Xietang have known each other at the entrance of Wuyi Lane. Listening to the deep night, loneliness hits the lonely city, and the spring tide is urgent. ...... Wuyi Alley

("The River is Red - Jinling Nostalgia") Wuyi Alley and Wang Xietang have been sublimated among these eternal masterpieces. Wuyi Alley is no longer a small alley, it has already It has become a symbol of the rise and fall of Jinling and has become the spokesperson for the changes in ancient and modern times. Wuyi Alley unconsciously has a vicissitudes of life, with a deep historical atmosphere.

Crow Yi Lane has been deeply engraved into the skin of Chinese culture, integrated into its blood, and can no longer be separated. As a result, whether Wuyi Lane is still prosperous or a pile of ruins has become no longer important. No one even cares about whether there is such an alley. As long as its name exists, people will come from thousands of miles to pay homage to it, some will sigh and compose new poems or lyrics one after another, and some will even shed a few lines of tears because of it for no reason, as a way of expressing gratitude. A deep cultural tribute. If Wang Dao and Xie An made Wuyi Lane extraordinary; Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi, and Xie Lingyun made Wuyi Lane extraordinary, then Liu Yuxi, Zhou Bangyan and Sadula made it immortal. A heap of ruins of legendary immortality. However, the story of Wuyi Lane is not over yet, because Nanjing is really a city full of disasters. Zhu Yuanzhang came. As one of the few emperors in Chinese history who started from the south, he set his capital in Nanjing. The Nanjing City Wall, regarded as a treasure by modern people, was built. However, not long after Zhu Yuanzhang's death, Zhu Di, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, started an uprising, ousted Emperor Jianwen from power, and then dragged a large number of treasures and beauties to Beijing to build his Forbidden City. So Nanjing seemed to be fine, and both sides of the Qinhuai River became more and more lively day by day. High-ranking officials, wealthy businessmen, and wealthy people all come here in droves; there are beautiful towers, jade pavilions, dancing pavilions, and singing platforms. There are fireworks and flowing water during the day, and the moon shines on the beautiful women at night. Although Wuyi Lane is no longer there, Qinhuai seems to have returned to its heyday during the Six Dynasties. The wild grass and the setting sun have faded from people's eyes, replaced by pepper, blue and red, painted boats and prostitutes, and people's lives are full of luxury. Although there was a man named Wu Jingzi by the Qinhuai River who was writing furiously and wanted to express something in a "The Scholars", no one listened to him or paid attention to him. "The people on the edge are like the moon, and the bright wrists are frosty and snowy." In the eyes of the bright eyes, in the interplay of glasses of wine, Liu Yuxi's pen has deeply penetrated into the cultural essence of Wuyi Lane, and it seems that it will be corroded bit by bit by this peach blossom wine. Until one day, the Ming Dynasty suddenly began to fall apart. This period of history is a legendary one. It is impossible to count how many struggles, resistances, struggles, and shouts have gone through during this period, and how many people have sacrificed their lives for the integrity of the nation. Today's historians all point out that during the period before the fall of the Ming Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty, which had been extremely corrupt and spiritually degenerated, showed an abnormal sense of tragedy and generosity before its death. Today when we read history, we are almost dazzled by the legendary story that happened ten miles away from Qinhuai at that time. Suddenly, all moral concepts were turned upside down; suddenly, the fireworks woman became the protagonist of history. If the history of the fall of the Ming Dynasty is just Yuan Chonghuan on the execution ground, Chongzhen on Meishan Mountain, and Yangzhou City by Shi Kefa, then we can say it is tragic. But if there are still the prostitute Liu Rushi who wants to jump into the pool and the bachelor Qian Qianyi who thinks the water is too cold, if there are still the storyteller Liu Jingting who works for loyalty and the young master Hou Fangyu who finally surrenders, if there are still With Li Xiangjun's legendary blood-splattered peach blossoms and his final helpless sigh of "send the bottom of the peach blossom fan to the Southern Dynasties", what we can say is not only tragic, but also sad. The history of the fall of the Ming Dynasty is an unprecedentedly painful one. Therefore, in addition to the lamentation of the vicissitudes of life, the ancient capital of Jinling began to take on the color of sadness and pain. More than 200 years later, in 1842, the Qing government signed the Treaty of Nanjing with Britain in Nanjing, and China began to become a semi-feudal and semi-colonial society. Soon the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom rose and designated Nanjing as Tianjing. After 11 years of stalemate, the Qing army broke into the city in 1867, massacred and set it on fire. In 1912, the Republic of China was established and Nanjing was designated as the temporary capital. After more than ten years of warlord melee, Nanjing was restored as the capital in 1927. At this time, both sides of the Qinhuai River were already filled with dirt and chaos. Ten years later, in 1937, the Japanese army captured Nanjing and launched a massacre that would kill everyone. The number of dead reached 300,000. The ancient Qinhuai stream was filled with corpses. The scenic spots of the Six Dynasties were burned to the ground, and the king of Jinling was dejected. Nanjing has almost reached its lowest point in history. It seems to be reincarnation again. From the peak of prosperity to the end of prosperity. It’s just that this time it’s no longer just the rise and fall of history, but this time it’s the fate of the nation and the country; this time people are no longer just looking at the feelings of honor and disgrace, but also the feeling of life and death. This time, it is no longer the rise and fall of Wuyi Lane or the rise and fall of Jinling City. This time, it is the rise and fall of the Chinese nation. Standing at the entrance of Wuyi Alley, I remember this painful history. I know clearly that Wuyi Alley has been mostly abandoned since the Tang Dynasty. The bloody wars in the Ming, Qing and Republic of China seem to have nothing to do with it. However, I always feel that it should also be a witness to these tragic histories. I feel that if you want to pay homage to the past at the entrance of Wuyi Lane, this history should be included as a matter of course. Then I suddenly realized that in my mind, Wuyi Lane and Jinling were closely connected and could no longer be separated. Suddenly, I felt that those eternal mourning poems, no matter where they were written or when they were written, were closely connected with Wuyi Lane and could no longer be separated. I took a deep breath and looked up. I saw that the sky was getting late and the dusk was sinking. History has finally turned a new page. In April 1949, the People's Liberation Army occupied Nanjing. Since 1984, the government began to flush the Qinhuai River's sewage to restore its blue waters. And began to build the Qinhuai River tourist scenic belt.

Four years ago, in 1997, Wuyi Lane was finally rebuilt together with Wang Xietang after being abandoned for thousands of years, and it became what we see today. Earlier, the long-lost Zhuque Bridge described by the poet had once again stood across the Qinhuai River. Located between the original Zhenhuai Bridge and Wuding Bridge, it seems to be deliberately intended to arouse the emotions of tourists. Ten miles away, Qinhuai began to be noisy and noisy again. As the sun sets, Wuyi Lane becomes heavy. The other end of the alley leads to Bailuzhou Park. However, due to the narrowing of the Qinhuai River, the scenery of "Egretzhou is divided into two waters" in Li Bai's pen can no longer be seen. So I returned from the original road and saw that the Qinhuai River was still beautiful. There were still painted boats and lanterns in the river. The Ming Dynasty Nine Dragon Wall on the other side of the river was full of light and lifelike. On both sides of the strait, the Meixiang Tower, the platform, and the Wanqing Tower’s signboard are so attractive. The front of the Confucius Temple was still crowded with people and very lively. Suddenly I felt that Qinhuai River should always be so beautiful. No matter whether things are up or down, she can always be so charming. No wonder Gu Mengyou, a patriotic poet in the late Ming Dynasty, returned to Qinhuai after the fall of the Ming Dynasty, and still wrote such beautiful sentences as "Thousands of willows blow in the wind, and a boat sings and sings in the moon." No wonder Zhu Ziqing and Yu Pingbo had such deep melancholy in that era. When I write about the Qinhuai River, my writing still exudes an intoxicating charm. Just like Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum should always be majestic, Mochou Lake should always be beautiful, and Confucius Temple should always be lively. But if this is the case, then where should we look for the history of Jinling, the sighs of Jinling, the scars of Jinling, and the vicissitudes of Jinling? I looked back at Wuyi Alley again. The poem monument still stands. The calligraphy on it is very dynamic and powerful. It is Mao Zedong's own calligraphy. Naturally, the poem recorded is Liu Yuxi's famous work. There are wild grasses and flowers beside Zhuque Bridge, and the sun sets at the entrance of Wuyi Alley. In the old days, the swallows in front of Wang Xietang flew into the homes of ordinary people. Suddenly, I believe that Wuyi Lane, like the Qinhuai River, has never changed. Ever since the poet put down his pen, Wuyi Lane has been destined to bear the exclamation of this city and even this culture. Whether it is prosperous, declining, new, old, or a pile of ruins, the image of Wuyi Lane will not change. Being and non-being are both illusions, Wu Yi Lane is already eternity. So I couldn't help but laugh at my rigidity just now. Turning around and leaving, it seemed that the figure of the poet writing furiously 1,300 years ago appeared before his eyes. At that moment, Wu Yixiang gained immortality.

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Wuyi Alley Poems by Liu Yuxi

Tang Dynasty Liu Yuxi Wild grass and flowers beside Zhuque Bridge, the setting sun is setting at the entrance of Wuyi Alley. In the old days, the swallows in front of Wang Xietang flew into the homes of ordinary people.

Biography of the author

Liu Yuxi (772-842), also known as Mengde, was a native of Jiaxing, Zhejiang, and a descendant of the Huns. In his later years, he served as a guest of the prince, and was known as "Guest Liu" in the world. He and Liu Zongyuan participated in the short-lived political reform during the Yongzhen period of the Tang Dynasty. As a result, they were both demoted to distant counties. They survived tenaciously and returned to Luoyang in their later years, still with the heroic spirit of "the grass on the edge of the horse is shaking with fists". His poems are concise and subtle, and he can often express his deep understanding of life or history in fresh language. Therefore, he was highly praised by Bai Juyi and hailed as a "poetry hero". When he was exiled to Hunan and Sichuan, he came into contact with the lives of ethnic minorities and was influenced by local folk songs. He wrote poems imitating folk songs such as "Cai Ling Xing" and left to later generations "Silver and gold hairpins come to carry water. The folklore picture of using a long knife and a short hat to burn rice. As for "The sun rises in the east and rains in the west, the road is sunny but sunny", it is an authentic folk song. When he wrote "Spring Ci" with Bai Juyi, he once noted that "the lyrics are based on the beats of "Niannujiao"", which is the earliest record of writing lyrics based on music in the history of Chinese literature. His family is a scholarly family with Confucianism passed down from generation to generation. He advocated political innovation and was one of the central figures in the political innovation activities of the Wang Shuwen School. Later, Yongzhen's reform failed and he was demoted to Sima of Langzhou. He did not surrender, but created with a positive and optimistic spirit, actively learned from folk songs, and wrote poems imitating folk songs such as "Cai Ling Xing". After being ordered to return to the capital, Liu Yuxi offended the new nobles and was demoted as the governor of Lianzhou because of his poem "Thousands of peach trees in Xuandu Temple were all planted after Liu Lang left." He was later appointed as the governor of Jiangzhou, where he wrote a large number of "Zhuzhi Ci". There are many famous quotes and they are widely recited. In the summer of 824, he wrote the famous "Reminiscences of Xisai Mountain": "Wang Jun's boat landed in Yizhou, and the king of Jinling lost his spirit sadly. Qianxun's iron chain sank to the bottom of the river, and a banner fell out of the stone. Several times in this life, the past is sad, The mountain shape is still pillowed by the cold current. Today is the day when the world is home, so the trees are rustling and the reeds are in autumn." This poem was highly praised by later literary critics and considered a masterpiece of Tang poetry with infinite meaning.