Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Travel guide - What are the cities with a long history in Japan?

What are the cities with a long history in Japan?

Author: Lan Guozi

Link: ://zhihu/question/29223405/answer/110102427

Source: Zhihu

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There is a law in Japan called the "Law on Measures Related to Preservation of the Historical Customs of the Ancient Capital". It is a law established to protect the style, architecture, history, culture, etc. of the ancient city. It is referred to as the "Law on the Preservation of the Ancient Capital".

Most of the pictures and texts are in Japanese***

Cities designated by the "Ancient Capital Preservation Act" (as of 2015)

Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture:

Kyoto, with a history of 1,200 years, is an ancient capital for thousands of years, a tourist attraction, and has the world heritage "Cultural Properties of Ancient Capital Kyoto".

World Heritage—Cultural Properties of the Ancient Capital of Kyoto:

Kamo Betsurai Shrine (Kamigamo Shrine), Kamo Gozu Shrine (Shimogamo Shrine), Hidden Lord Gokoku Temple, Kiyomizudera Temple, Daigoji Temple, Ninwaji Temple, Byodo-in Temple, Ujigami Shrine, Takayama Temple, Saihoji Temple, Tenryuji Temple, Roenji Temple (Kinkakuji Temple), Jishoji Temple, Ryoanji Temple, Nishi Honganji Temple, Nijo Castle

From the Heian period to the Meiji Restoration, it has been the capital of Japan.

Kyoto is a famous tourist city with numerous ancient buildings, rich history and culture, and a romantic city.

There are many temples in Kyoto. There is a saying in ancient times:

Kyoto’s eight hundred and eight temples

It was the largest city in Japan from the Heian period to the early Edo period. , one of the three capitals of the Edo period.

The history of Kyoto as the capital of Japan begins with Emperor Tsunemu moving the capital to Heiankyo and ends with Emperor Meiji moving the capital to Tokyo.

In Kyoto, Japan moved from imitating the Tang Dynasty to developing its own culture, and the splendid Heian culture opened in Kyoto.

Emperor Tsunemu moved the capital and built a new capital based on the Four Symbols Feng Shui.

Heiankyo was built with the Kamogawa River as the Blue Dragon, the Sanyo Road as the White Tiger, the Jumuku Pond as the Suzaku, and the Funaoka Mountain as the Xuanbu Mountain.

It is a pity that the Giant Star Pond dried up more than a hundred years ago.

Kyoto has witnessed the splendor of Heian culture, the brilliance of the Fujiwara clan, the decline of the legal system, the talents of the three great talents of Heian, the birth and development of kabuki and various traditional cultures, the rise of the samurai, and the rise of the Muromachi shogunate. Disputes, the battle of the Warring States Daimyos, the fall of Oda Nobunaga, and the struggles of the Overthrow Movement.

In Kyoto, famous literary works such as "The Tale of Genji" and "Pillow" were born.

Ki Kanyuki, Fujiwara Sadaie and others collected Japanese songs from their ancestors and compiled collections of Japanese songs such as "Anthology of Ancient and Modern Japanese Songs" and "One Hundred Poems of Kokura".

During World War II, Kyoto preserved a large number of historical monuments because they were protected from the destruction of the war.

Nara City, Nara Prefecture:

The capital of Nara Prefecture, a thousand-year-old ancient capital, 1,300 years ago, has World Heritage "Cultural Properties of Ancient Capital Nara".

In 710 AD, Emperor Yuanmei moved the capital to Heijo-kyo. This was the beginning of Nara’s history as the capital.

The period from 710 to 794 when Nara was the capital was called the Nara Period.

In the few decades since the capital was established, famous temples such as Todaiji Temple, Yakushiji Temple, Tangzhaotiji Temple, and Kofukuji Temple were built.

World Heritage—Cultural Properties of the Ancient Capital of Nara:

Todaiji Temple, Kofukuji Temple, Kasuga Taisha Shrine, Genkoji Temple, Yakushiji Temple, Toshodaiji Temple, Heijo Palace Ruins, Kasugayama Primitive Forest

A famous tourist city with numerous ancient buildings.

In 710, Emperor Genmei moved the capital from Fujiwara Kyo to Nara Heijo Kyo.

In the era when Nara was known as Heijo Kyo, Nara was the end point of the Silk Road, and the splendid Tenpei culture began here.

Nara has the largest number of national treasure buildings in Japan.

In terms of literature, famous works such as "Man'yoshu", "Kojiki", "Nihon Shoki", "Fudoki" were born in Nara.

After the capital was moved to Heian-kyo, Nara’s status did not decline, and it was even revered as the southern capital.

Nara has a great influence on Japanese history and culture.

Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture:

The capital of Shiga Prefecture, sits on Mount Hiei, a Buddhist resort in Japan. , facing Japan's largest inner lake - Lake Biwa, with beautiful scenery.

Since Emperor Tenchi established Otsu as the capital, it has a history of more than 1,300 years. The number of nationally designated cultural properties of cities, towns, and villages ranks third in Japan after Kyoto City and Nara City.

It has been the hub of water transportation in Lake Biwa since ancient times.

Also appeared in "Man'yoshu".

The place where the Renshen Rebellion occurred.

There are the famous Eight Views of Omi. In the late Edo period, Utagawa Hiroshige created an ukiyo-e with the theme of Eight Views of Omi.

World Heritage - Cultural Properties of the Ancient Capital of Kyoto

Enryaku-ji Temple

The history of Otsu as a city began when Emperor Tenchi established Otsu as the capital.

In 672, the Imshin Rebellion broke out. Prince Otomo fought against Prince Otsu. Prince Otomo was defeated. After Prince Otsu ascended the throne, he moved the capital to Nara Heijo-kyo. The short history of Otsu as the capital ended.

Eight Scenic Spots of Omi:

Autumn Moon over Stone Mountain: Shishan Temple

Sunset Sunset: Seto Tian's Karabashi

Seiran Awazu: Awazuhara

Return of Yabashi: Yabashi

Mitsui Evening Bell: Enjoji Temple (Mitsui Temple) < /p>

Karasaki Night Rain: Karasaki Shrine

Katada Falling Wild Geese: Ukimidō

Hira Night Snow: Hira Mountain Area

Kamakura City, Kanagawa Prefecture:

Kamakura is located in Kanagawa Prefecture, surrounded by mountains on three sides and facing Sagami Bay.

The beginning of the shogunate rule.

In the 14th century, the Kamakura shogunate was established here, and Japan began the era of samurai rule.

But after the end of the Kamakura shogunate and the middle of the Muromachi period, the city declined.

In the late Edo period, Kamakura attracted many tourists because of its many Buddhist temples and shrines, and the city was revived again.

In modern times, many literary giants lived here.

In 1992, Japan included some ancient buildings in Kamakura on the provisional list of World Heritage as "Kamakura, the ancient capital of the samurai family".

Tentative list of World Heritage—Kamakura, the ancient capital of the samurai family:

Tsurugaoka Hachimangu Shrine, Jufukuji Temple, Kenchoji Temple, Zuisenji Temple, Kamakura Great Buddha, Kakuenji Temple , the ruins of Buddhism Temple, the ruins of Eifukuji Temple, the ruins of Hokkedo Temple, the ruins of Hojo Clan Tokiwa-tei, Kametanizaka, Sakezaka, Daibutsu Road, Gokurakuji Temple, Engakuji Temple, Eharaten Shrine, Jokomyoji Temple, Asaina Road, Higashi The ruins of Shengsi Temple, Mingyue Road, Zhongming Temple, and Hejiang Island.

Zushi City, Kanagawa Prefecture:

Located next to Kamakura City, Kanagawa Prefecture, the historical sites are connected to Kamakura The ancient road - Nagoshi Kirimichi, and the tomb of Taira Koshi (Sixth Generation Gozen), a famous tragic figure who appeared in "The Tale of the Taira".

The famous writer of the Meiji era, Tokutomi Asuka, visited here many times, and the Asuka Memorial Park was built locally.

The literary giant Izumi Kyoka once wrote the novel "Spring Day" at Yanjing Temple.

Kashihara City, Nara Prefecture:

The place where Emperor Jimmu founded the country, where Emperor Jimmu built Shirakawahara Palace, where he ascended the throne and founded the country.

"World Heritage Tentative List" - Asuka and Fujiwara's palace-related asset groups:

Fujiwara Palace Ruins, Honyakushiji Temple Ruins, Sikeyama Tumulus, Maruyama Tumulus , Iris Poike Tumulus, Fujiwara Kyo Suzaku Road Ruins, Yamato Sanzan (Tenka Hisayama, Mubang Mountain, and Ercheng Mountain)

The three mountains surrounding the city-Tenka Hisayama, Kabangsan Mountain, and Ercheng Mountain .

It is a famous mountain in Japan.

Known as the Yamato Three Mountains.

It has a long history, profound cultural heritage and numerous Japanese songs.

In 694, Emperor Chito (the empress of Emperor Tenmu and later became the emperor) established Japan's earliest capital city, Fujiwara Kyo, in Kashihara. Fujiwara Kyo was the first Tang Dynasty-style city in Japan. .

After the capital was moved to Heijo Kyo, Fujiwara Kyo was abolished. It existed for sixteen years until it was abolished.

During the Warring States Period, Kashihara was Imai Town. It was the missionary center of the Ichigo Sect and was surrounded by a moat. After being occupied by Oda Nobunaga, it became an autonomous city with a prosperous economy.

It has the reputation of "Sakai by the sea, Imai by the land".

(Sakai was an autonomous city with developed commerce during the Warring States Period, and is now Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture).

< p> Yamato Three Mountains:

1: Tianxiangjiu Mountain: one of the Yamato Three Mountains, an area with special preservation of historical customs, and has been given the honorific title of "Heaven". It has been regarded as the most sacred mountain among the Yamato Three Mountains since ancient times. , "Iu Country Customs Chronicle" records that the mountain in the sky fell into two parts, and one fell in Iu Country (now Ehime Prefecture), named Tianshan.

One fell in Yamato Country (now Nara Prefecture) and was named Tenkaguyama (Tenka Kuzan).

It has been sung by countless people since ancient times.

It can be seen in "Man'yoshu", "Ogura One Hundred Poems", "Ancient and Modern Japanese Songs", etc.