Married for more than two years. Now I'm going to have a baby. What preparations should I make before giving birth? Thank you!

First of all, about six months before pregnancy, you should go to the hospital for a comprehensive gynecological examination and consult your doctor about pregnancy. If you are taking birth control pills, you should stop using them six months before getting pregnant and use tools instead. If you have had an induced abortion, you should be pregnant after half a year of abortion.

In addition, in the first six months before pregnancy, we should try to avoid fever and virus infection, avoid exposure to radiation and chemicals, and don't lose weight. Pay attention to the intake of various nutrients in the diet, fully relax the spirit, maintain a good attitude, and welcome the arrival of a little life. Before getting up every morning, you can measure your basal body temperature and make a record, so that you can fully understand your ovulation and reproductive endocrine function, and you can also master your pregnancy more accurately.

* Vaccinate against rubella before pregnancy.

Rubella is an acute infectious disease caused by rubella virus. If a pregnant woman is infected with rubella virus within 3 months of pregnancy, the virus can infect the fetus through the placenta. Rubella can occur all year round, with a high incidence in summer. The fetal malformation rate of pregnant women infected within 2 months of pregnancy is 100%. After 2 months, the infection rate was 26%; After 6 months, the incidence of fetal malformation was 4%. The incidence of rubella mainly depends on the immune status of women of childbearing age and the prevalence of rubella. Only when the titer of rubella antibody in pregnant women is greater than 1: 20 can it be protected. According to epidemiological investigation, rubella antibodies of women of childbearing age in China are mostly positive, but rarely reach the level of protection.

Prevention is the key to avoid the harm of rubella to pregnant women and fetuses. Vaccination of live rubella vaccine for women of childbearing age is a direct protective immunization program. After inoculation, the antibody positive conversion rate is above 95% and the protection rate is above 90%, but pregnancy should be avoided within 3 months after inoculation. Wind vaccine injection 1 time, the protection time lasts about 10 years. Safe and effective, no adverse reactions.

* folic acid supplementation before pregnancy.

Neural tube malformation is a serious birth defect disease, accounting for about one third of all birth defects. Medical research has found that folic acid supplementation in women of childbearing age can prevent fetal neural tube defects. Folic acid is a water-soluble vitamin, which is high in animal liver, kidney, green vegetables, potatoes and wheat bran, especially green leafy vegetables. However, because folic acid is not heat-resistant, it often loses about half during processing and storage, which will lead to folic acid deficiency in human body. At present, about 30% of women of childbearing age in China lack folic acid, which is more serious because pregnant women need more folic acid.

Pregnant women need 0.4 mg of folic acid every day, while the folic acid usually taken from the diet is only 0.05 milliacid supplement. It is convenient to take, and can supplement the demand of pregnant mothers and fetuses for folic acid, without worrying about the intake of folic acid in the diet. This is an appropriate method to prevent neural tube defects.

The specific administration time should start at least 1 month before planned pregnancy, and take 1 tablet every day until the end of 3 months after pregnancy. It is not necessary to take folic acid supplements after missing, which can not only prevent the occurrence of fetal neural tube defects, but also have specific effects on spontaneous abortion, intrauterine growth retardation and anemia of pregnant women.

* Pay attention to iodine supplementation before and during pregnancy.

Iodine is an essential trace element that cannot be synthesized by human body, and it is also the main component of human thyroxine, which is an extremely important hormone for human metabolic activities and growth and development. Iodine is especially important for pregnant women and fetuses. It can promote the growth of cells in fetuses and babies, especially the growth of brain cells. Iodine in nature can enter the human body through food, water and air. The daily physiological requirement of iodine is 65,438+000-200 micrograms.

Eating qualified iodized salt is a powerful means to prevent iodine deficiency. However, due to some problems in the field of iodized salt circulation and the mistakes in our daily cooking and processing methods, iodine deficiency should still be paid enough attention. Iodized salt should be bought as you eat, and the storage time should not be too long. The storage site should be covered to avoid sunlight and humidity. The mouth of the bag containing iodized salt should be tied tightly with a rope and placed in a cool place. You can't use fried salt when eating. Add salt when the vegetables are cooked, or add salt when stewing out of the pot.

Because of the dual needs of mother and child, pregnant women need more iodine, so they should eat more kelp, jellyfish, shrimp, oysters, yellow croaker, laver, dried shrimp skin, laver, bean products, etc., and also supplement the iodine in the body.

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