Lianhua Lake Wetland Park in Fanhe Town

The first national wetland park in northern China - Lianhua Lake Wetland Park

Lianhua Lake in early spring is like an ink painting: yellow reeds, quiet lake, and occasionally a lake. Two gray magpies soared from the trees. Although there were no flocks of migratory birds playing around, the scenery was still beautiful and intoxicating. The author has visited this quiet wetland many times and recalled the scenery when he first arrived at Lianhua Lake: the blue sky and the blue lake surface were integrated, the water and the sky were connected, and it was so beautiful; on the lake, there were Oriental white storks, herons, and white grebes. Herons and other migratory birds are playing and flying. What is displayed in front of people is a wonderful picture of birds and nature coexisting in harmony! The reporter seemed to understand why the ancients who lived in the wetlands could describe in the Book of Songs the romantic feelings of "Guan Guan Jiujiu, in the river island, a graceful lady, a gentleman likes to hunt", the harmony between life and nature and the beauty of this water area. The beauty and tenderness are unforgettable.

The above text only describes a corner of the Lianhua Lake National Wetland Park to be built. The Lianhua Lake Wetland is located between the old and new urban areas of Tieling. There is a saying in history that there are "five lakes and eight pits", and the water surface is very vast. It mainly includes four parts: Deshengtai Reservoir, Wujiahu Lake, Dalianhuapao and China-North Korea Friendship Reservoir. Historically, the Lianhua Lake Wetland was surrounded by water on three sides. It was adjacent to the Liao River to the west, the Chai River to the north, and the Fan River to the south. It was the confluence of three rivers. It was part of the Northeast Wetland and was a swamp wetland type. The total drainage area is 200 square kilometers. Due to the blind reclamation of farmland and the massive discharge of untreated urban sewage in history, the wetland area of ??Lianhua Lake has been greatly reduced, and now only has a water surface area of ??4.3 square kilometers.

I learned from the Municipal Forestry Bureau that on April 26, 2007, the State Forestry Administration officially issued a reply and approved Tieling City to carry out the pilot project of Lianhua Lake National Wetland Park. It is reported that this is the sixth national wetland park pilot in the country so far and the first national wetland park pilot project in northern my country. It was also learned that the Lotus Lake restoration project is an ecological construction project focusing on wetland restoration, boundary renovation, dredging, water conveyance and drainage, wetland population relocation, vegetation restoration, aquaculture and tourism. Currently, this huge ecological restoration project is underway, and in the near future, this area will become a national wetland park.

The theme of this year’s World Wetlands Day is “Healthy Wetlands, Healthy People”. This theme is rich in connotation and of great significance, and deeply reflects the close relationship between wetlands and humans.

Wetlands are the "kidneys of the earth". Like forests and oceans, they are one of the important life support systems on the earth. They play an important role in maintaining global ecological balance, promoting sustainable economic and social development, and ensuring human health. All play an irreplaceable and important role. Therefore, protecting wetlands is to protect the earth on which we live, that is, to protect ourselves as humans. Lianhua Lake is located between the old and new urban areas and can be described as the "kidney of the city" in Tieling.

Wetlands are the "storage" and "purifier" of water resources. Wetlands have powerful hydrological regulation and circulation functions, which can effectively store and retain precipitation and surface runoff, and replenish groundwater. my country's wetlands maintain approximately 2.7 trillion tons of fresh water, accounting for 96% of the country's total available fresh water resources. Wetlands also have powerful functions of degrading pollution and purifying water quality.

Wetlands are also "species gene banks". Natural wetlands are not only excellent living places for aquatic animals and aquatic plants, but also necessary habitats, migrations, wintering and breeding grounds for a variety of rare and endangered wild animals, especially waterfowl. The Lianhua Lake wetland is very rich in life, nurturing 237 species of plants and more than 200 species of wild animals, including 123 species of birds alone. Natural wetlands also preserve the genetic characteristics of many species, allowing many wildlife to survive and thrive without interference.

Wetlands are also important "carbon storage banks" and "carbon absorbers". According to estimates by the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, approximately 2.48 trillion tons of carbon are stored in global terrestrial ecosystems, of which 500 billion tons are stored in peat wetlands, which account for less than 4% of the land area. The carbon storage of my country's swamp wetlands reaches 4.7 billion tons, and the Zoigai Plateau wetland alone has 1.9 billion tons.

Wetlands are also an important carrier for nurturing and inheriting human civilization. Thousands of years ago, our ancestors "lived in pursuit of water and grass" and created a splendid human civilization in the long historical process of interdependence with wetlands. The Nile River gave birth to the ancient Egyptian civilization, the Euphrates River and the Tigris River gave birth to the ancient Babylonian civilization, and the Yellow River gave birth to the Chinese civilization. With its unique aesthetic, educational, cultural, spiritual and other functions, wetlands have produced unique cultures such as religion, folk customs and music. Many lakes are "holy lakes" for ethnic minorities and important religious activity sites. China's four most famous buildings are all located in the wetland or its surrounding areas, creating many poems and songs that have been passed down through the ages.

She is so beautiful and yet so fragile. Lianhua Lake Swamp Wetland is undoubtedly an ecological treasure of Tieling City. If well protected, it will be a beautiful business card of Tieling City. If used rationally and scientifically, it will play a key role in the development of local tourism. However, in recent years, the Lianhua Lake Swamp Wetland in Tieling City has been damaged by reclamation to open fields and water surface cofferdams for fish farming. Various problems have attracted the attention of city leaders and relevant departments. Therefore, the protection and development of Lianhua Lake Wetland has become another important measure in the construction of new urban areas. During the interview, we learned that the ecosystem of the Lianhua Lake Wetland is quite complete, with a moderate ratio of water surface to reed marsh, thus ensuring biodiversity.

In 2007, the State Forestry Administration organized domestic experts in the fields of forestry, geoscience, ecology, biology, law, planning and management to conduct an inspection and evaluation of the new Tieling Lotus Lake Wetland Park project in Tieling City. Through on-site inspections, review of relevant materials, listening to situation reports and exchanges with relevant departments, the experts agreed that the construction of Tieling Lianhua Lake Wetland Park will have great impact on wetland protection and restoration, Liaohe River water pollution prevention and control, urban tailwater utilization and new projects in Liaoning Province. Rural construction plays a demonstration role; it is of great significance to the protection of water ecological security in the middle and lower reaches of the Liaohe River, especially the Shenyang area, and the implementation of the ecological restoration strategy of the old industrial base in Northeast my country; it can significantly improve the ecological characteristics and ecology of the wetlands in Tieling City function, restore the biodiversity of the wetland, improve Tieling City’s ability to support sustainable social and economic development, and improve the living environment in surrounding areas. At the same time, the construction of Tieling Lianhua Lake Wetland Park will further enrich the types of tourism resources in Liaoning Province, expand the "intellectual journey" space, and form a tourism resource combination integrating Lianhua Lake Wetland, new rural construction and Tieling cultural landscape, which will improve Tieling and Shenyang The quality of regional tourism resources enriches the regional tourism structure. Experts unanimously agreed to build Tieling Lotus Lake as a national wetland park.

The victory of Lianhua Lake comes only from water. Water is the soul of Lianhua Lake. 70% of the wetland area is covered by water. The entire wetland landscape is based on rich biological landscapes such as reeds, cattails, lotus, and waterfowl, and is characterized by the rich cultural landscape and folk customs of the Northeast.

The scenery of Lotus Lake lies in bird watching. Birds are the elves of wetlands and are the yardstick for measuring the natural ecological balance and environmental quality of wetlands. One of the eight scenic spots in Tieling is called "Yuan Lake Overlooking the Moon", which refers to the Wujiao Lake in the Lianhua Lake Wetland Park. Every spring, this is a paradise for waterbirds. Dozens of species of birds live and breed here, and dozens of acres of pampas grass stretch. In the rippling blue waves, water birds gather and swim with golden scales. Boating here at night is refreshing.

The beauty of Lotus Lake lies in the flowers. In addition to rows of willows and poplars, large tracts of reeds and cattails, Lotus Lake also has fresh and elegant lotus flowers. Every spring and summer, the lotus flowers bloom in full bloom and are so beautiful. In the rainy season or in the morning and dusk, the haze is misty and the lotus flowers are looming in the smoke, attracting countless tourists.

Wetland ecosystem is one of the three major ecosystems on earth. It has extremely high ecological benefits and can effectively store water and resist flood disasters. It can purify sewage and regulate regional microclimate (such as temperature, humidity, rainfall). quantity, etc.) to control soil erosion. Wetlands support rich biodiversity and can provide humans with food, meat, medicinal materials and a variety of industrial raw materials. Wetlands contain a large amount of water resources and can provide humans with water for production and domestic use.

Restoring urban wetlands and building a garden city are effective ways to improve the quality of the city. In recent years, Tieling City's urban construction has advanced by leaps and bounds, but people have gradually discovered that many of the city's characteristics are disappearing, and some unexpected problems have formed, such as air and water pollution. The construction of Lianhua Lake Wetland organically integrates wetland waterscape, wetland animal and plant landscape, wetland culture, wetland microclimate, etc. with urban functions. It will greatly improve the urban environment and increase the urban environmental capacity and ecological security level. Cleverly integrating wetland functions and modern urban functions to build a garden city with fresh air, birds singing and fragrant flowers is an important matter for the people of the city.

Tieling Lianhua Lake National Wetland Park covers an area of ??4,226 hectares. It is a composite wetland type mainly composed of artificial ponds, rice fields, rivers and small shallow lakes. It once had interlocking lakes and bubbles. Connected water network structure. This composite structure is representative of the Northeast region. The wetland nature of the park's soil structure, biota and ecological processes is obvious; the wetland landscape features are significant, and the wetland ecosystem structure is basically complete. The wetland park belongs to the Liaohe River system and is located in the flood plain area between the Liaohe River and its tributaries, Chaihe River and Fanhe River. It will play a demonstration role in wetland protection and restoration, Liaohe River water pollution prevention and control, urban tailwater utilization and new rural construction. It is of great significance to the implementation of the ecological restoration strategy of the old industrial base in Northeast my country. The wetland park has a variety of wetland natural landscapes, Northeastern folk customs, black soil farming culture, revolutionary memorial sites and other cultural tourism resources in northern Liaoning; it forms a rich tourism resource combination integrating Lianhua Lake Wetland, new rural construction and Tieling cultural landscape. regional tourism structure.

Restore urban wetlands, cherish history, culture, protect cultural heritage, and take the construction of ecological civilization to a higher level. If the wetland ecosystem is a life network, then the city is the starting point for the development of human civilization in this life network. To restore urban wetlands, we must fully respect the history of the city and its relationship with the wetlands. We must start from the excavation and re-understanding of cultural heritage, enhance our understanding of the importance of natural heritage, and at the same time promote the inheritance of cultural heritage by protecting natural heritage. , so that wetlands, the dwindling human oasis and paradise, can be protected, utilized and developed in both natural and human aspects at the same time, and promote each other in the process.