What country has the most tourism resources in the world?

1. Location and administrative divisions

(1) Location

my country is located in the northern hemisphere, with the Tropic of Cancer passing through the south. Most of the country is in the northern temperate zone. Parts of the country are located in the subtropics and tropics. Latitude has a great influence on my country's climate. Most areas have four distinct seasons, and some areas in the south have long summers and no winters. Our country is located in the Eastern Hemisphere, in the east of Asia and on the west coast of the Pacific. It is a country with both land and sea. Marine moist airflow from the southeast and southwest brings abundant precipitation to the east of my country.

(2) Territory

The northernmost point of my country is located on the center line of the main channel of Heilongjiang north of Mohe, and the southernmost point is the Zengmu Shoal of the Nansha Islands. The distance between the north and the south is about 5,500 meters. kilometers, spanning nearly 500 latitudes. The easternmost point is the intersection of the center lines of the main channels of the Heilongjiang and Ussuri Rivers in Fuyuan County, Heilongjiang Province, and the westernmost point is the Pamir Plateau to the west of Wuqia County, Xinjiang. The distance from east to west is about 5,200 kilometers, spanning nearly 62 longitudes, 5 time zones, 4 hours time difference.

my country has a long coastline. The mainland coastline starts from the mouth of the Yalu River in Liaoning in the north and ends at the mouth of the Beilun River in Guangxi in the south, with a total length of more than 18,000 kilometers. The island coastline is more than 14,000 kilometers, and the total coastline is more than 32,000 kilometers. my country borders the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea to the east. The Bohai Sea is my country's inland sea. Japan, South Korea, the Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei, and Indonesia face our country across the sea. The total length of my country's land borders is about 22,800 kilometers, and it is adjacent to North Korea, Russia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Denmark, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam and other countries. my country's territory covers an area of ??9.6 million square kilometers, accounting for approximately 1/15 of the world's land mass.

(3) Administrative divisions

According to statistics, as of December 31, 2004, there were 34 provincial-level administrative divisions nationwide, including 23 provinces and individuals. Municipalities, 5 autonomous regions, and 2 special administrative regions. (See Appendix 1.1) Except for the temporary lack of administrative division information in Taiwan Province, there are 333 prefecture-level administrative division units (including 283 prefecture-level cities, 17 regions, 30 autonomous prefectures, and 3 leagues), and 2 county-level administrative division units. 862 (including 852 municipal districts, 374 county-level cities, 1,464 counties, 117 autonomous counties, 49 banners, 3 autonomous banners, 2 special zones, and 1 forest area) and township-level administrative division units of 40,000 Multiple (including street offices).

2. Natural landscape elements and their characteristics

(1) Terrain

my country’s terrain is high in the west and low in the east, and the terrain is complex and diverse. It is divided into three steps from west to east: the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau forms the first step, with an average altitude of more than 4,000 meters. There are a series of tall mountains and numerous lakes distributed on the plateau. The world's highest peak, Mount Everest, is 8,844.43 meters above sea level. To the north and east of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the terrain declines rapidly, and plateaus and basins are alternately distributed, forming a second-level ladder composed of the Tarim Basin, Junggar Basin, Inner Mongolia Plateau, Loess Plateau, Sichuan Basin, and Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, with an average altitude of 2,000-1,000 meters, the lowest point on land in my country, Aydin Lake, is 154 meters above sea level. To the east of the line of Daxinganling, Taihang Mountain, Wushan Mountain and Xuefeng Mountain, the average altitude is less than 500 meters. Hills and plains are staggered, forming the third ladder. The third step continues to extend toward the ocean and is China's shallow sea continental shelf. my country's continental shelf includes all of the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea, most of the East China Sea and part of the South China Sea. This terrain of high in the west and low in the east, gradually descending toward the ocean, is conducive to the arrival of hot and humid summer monsoons on the mainland of my country, causing many large rivers in my country to flow eastward, connecting the coast with the inland; the huge gap in the step transition zone makes my country's water Energy resources are very abundant.

Another notable feature of my country’s terrain is the vast area of ??mountainous areas. Our country has five types of terrain: mountains, plateaus, basins, plains, and hills, and the area is very vast. The diverse terrain provides favorable conditions for my country to develop agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and diversified operations according to local conditions. Among the five types of terrain, the mountainous area accounts for about 1/3 of the country's total area, so it is said to be a mountainous country. Usually people refer to mountains, hills and relatively rugged plateaus as mountainous areas. my country's mountainous areas account for about 2/3 of the country's total area, and the plain area only accounts for 1/10.

(2) Hydrology

my country is a country with high mountains and many rivers, with numerous rivers and lakes, rich types, and both internal and external outflows. The total length of rivers in my country is about 430,000 kilometers, and there are more than 50,000 rivers with drainage areas greater than 100 square kilometers. It is roughly bounded by the Greater Khingan Range, the Yin Mountains, the Helan Mountains, the Qilian Mountains (eastern end), the Bayan Har Mountains, and the Gangdise Mountains. The southeastern part of this line is the outflow area, which accounts for about 2/3 of the country's total area, and the water volume is about 2/3 of the country's total area. More than 95% of the total water volume of rivers in my country; west and north of this line is the inflow area, which accounts for about 1/3 of the country's total area, but the total river water volume is less than 5% of the total river water volume in the country. The Yangtze River is the largest river in Asia and the Yellow River is the second largest river in Asia.

West of the natural dividing line between internal and external outflow areas, most rivers flow into inland lakes or disappear into deserts. Only a few are outflow rivers, such as the Brahmaputra River that flows into the Indian Ocean and the Er that flows into the Arctic Ocean. Zeishe et al. The rivers in the inner flow area are located in non-monsoon areas and receive little precipitation. The river water mainly comes from the melted water of ice and snow in the mountains, and most of them are seasonal rivers.

The Tarim River is the longest inland river in my country, with a total length of 2,137 kilometers; the Ili River is the richest inland river in my country, with its flow accounting for more than 1/5 of the total runoff of all inland rivers in Xinjiang.

The annual runoff of my country's rivers reaches 2.66 trillion cubic meters, ranking sixth in the world. Although the runoff is relatively abundant, it has significant seasonal changes, obvious differences between north and south, large differences between east and west, and a small amount per capita. my country is extremely rich in water energy resources, with a theoretical reserve of 680 million kilowatts, ranking first in the world, but it is unevenly distributed. There are 24,880 lakes in my country, with a total area of ??83,400 square kilometers, of which more than 2,800 are larger than 1 square kilometers, and 130 are larger than 100 square kilometers. my country's lakes are characterized by wide geographical distribution and relative concentration. Qinghai Lake is the largest saltwater lake in my country and the largest lake in the country. There are five famous freshwater lakes in the eastern plain lake area, namely Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake, Taihu Lake, Hongze Lake and Chaohu Lake.

(3) Climate

my country is located in the eastern part of the Asian continent, the largest continent in the world, and is close to the Pacific Ocean, the largest ocean in the world. Therefore, the monsoon climate is significant. In addition, our country has a vast territory, large latitudes, and complex terrain. , so there are various climate types.

The temperature distribution is characterized by a large temperature difference between north and south in winter and generally high temperatures throughout the country in summer. Precipitation decreases from the southeastern coast to the northwest inland. Affected by the monsoon, the interannual changes are large. Coupled with a variety of topography, the combination of temperature and precipitation is diverse, forming a variety of climate types. Our country is bounded by a line between the Greater Hinggan Mountains, the Yin Mountains, the Helan Mountains, the Bayan Har Mountains and the Gangdise Mountains. The area to the northwest of this line is the non-monsoon area, and the area to the east and south is the monsoon area. Eastern my country has a prominent continental monsoon climate, with tropical monsoon, subtropical monsoon, and temperate monsoon climate all distributed, with good water and heat coordination, and rain and heat in the same season; northwest my country is dominated by temperate continental climate, with abundant heat, insufficient water, and daily temperature changes. The difference and year-to-year difference are large. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has an alpine climate and insufficient water and heat resources. my country's temperature zones can be divided into tropical, subtropical, warm temperate, temperate, cold temperate and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau climate zones. my country's dry and wet regions are divided into humid, semi-humid, semi-arid and arid regions.

(4) Vegetation

my country’s terrain conditions are complex and climate types are diverse, so the vegetation is complex and diverse. There are more than 30,000 seed plants alone, among which trees There are more than 2,000 kinds, and there are nearly a thousand kinds with excellent materials and high economic value. Our country has almost all the vegetation types in the northern hemisphere. The geographical distribution of vegetation has obvious zonal and regional differences, showing significant differences between the eastern humid area, the northwest arid area and the Qinghai-Tibet alpine area.

The humid area in eastern my country is dominated by forest vegetation. From north to south, there are cold temperate coniferous forest, temperate coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest, warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest, subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, Tropical monsoon forests and rainforests, coral reefs in the South China Sea islands, evergreen forests and shrubs. The vegetation distribution in the arid area of ??northwest my country has obvious longitude zonality. From southeast to northwest, there are forest steppe or meadow steppe, typical steppe, desert steppe, temperate steppe and warm temperate desert. The high altitude of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in my country's Qinghai-Tibet Alpine Vegetation Area results in a cold climate and drastic temperature changes. The southeast is relatively humid due to the influence of the Indian Ocean monsoon, and becomes drier toward the northwest. The vegetation from southeast to northwest is mountainous cold coniferous, forest, Alpine shrub meadows, alpine grasslands and alpine deserts.