The tourism value of reservoirs and the development and utilization of reservoir tourism resources in China

1. 1. 1 tourist value of the reservoir

Reservoir is a lake built by human beings for a certain purpose (drinking water, irrigation, flood control, power generation, shipping, etc.). ), widely distributed all over the world, especially in areas with relatively few natural lakes [1]. Different from natural lakes, reservoirs are a combination of artificial buildings and natural landscapes, which are mainly composed of water bodies, aquatic organisms, reservoir banks (watersheds) and reservoir-related buildings.

Water body is an important place to carry out various water recreation activities. Boating, fishing, water skiing, jet skiing, high-altitude paragliding and other recreational activities can be carried out here, and fishing can also be developed.

Aquatic organisms include all kinds of aquatic animals and plants, microorganisms and so on. Traditional ornamental plants (such as water lilies, lotus flowers and Ceratophyllum) will arouse great interest of tourists. At the same time, various aquatic animals, including fish, crustaceans (such as crabs and shrimps), turtles (such as turtles and turtles) and mollusks (such as mussels), provide tourists with entertainment opportunities for viewing, fishing and collecting. In addition, large-scale aquatic fishing and fish migration are also one of the goals of tourists.

The bank of the reservoir is an important place for all kinds of outdoor entertainment activities, including the floodplain, bank slope and mountains around the reservoir. Its tourism value is mainly reflected in: providing a place for tourists to carry out various leisure activities and expanding the space for tourists to travel. The mountainous area along the bank of the reservoir provides a place for mountaineering, forest tourism and other activities, and realizes the expansion of tourism space from water to land.

Artificial buildings attached to the reservoir mainly include river dams, hydropower stations and special buildings. This kind of building is an important tourism resource, in which the dam is the core building and important symbol of the reservoir, and it is also one of the important sightseeing objects. The reservoir also has dam-passing buildings and navigation structure (including lock and ship lift), in which the whole operation process of lock and ship lift is novel and attractive to most tourists.

17. 1.2 development and utilization of tourism resources in China reservoir

As a sunrise industry, water conservancy tourism has made great progress in China in recent years. Water conservancy departments make full use of existing water conservancy projects, mainly some large and medium-sized reservoirs, and actively develop tourism projects, which not only increases income, but also improves social visibility, with remarkable results [4]. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Water Resources, by the end of 1990s, nearly 65,438+million large and small reservoirs had been built in China, and there were more than 100 famous reservoir tourist attractions. In order to give full play to the comprehensive benefits of water conservancy projects, the Ministry of Water Resources lists water conservancy tourism, water supply and power generation as three major contents of water conservancy economy. In 200 1 year, water conservancy tourism increased by 80 million yuan compared with 2000, reaching 520 million yuan, with a growth rate of 18.2%. In 200 1 year, the first batch of 18 "national water conservancy scenic spots" were selected and named by the Ministry of Water Resources, which started the development of water conservancy tourism. In addition, there are nearly a thousand provincial water conservancy scenic spots. The establishment of the status of water conservancy basic industry provides a good opportunity for the development of water conservancy tourism in the reservoir area, and water conservancy tourism in the reservoir area will surely become a new important growth point of water conservancy economy [5].

Table 17. 1 List of National Water Conservancy Scenic Spots in Guangdong Province (as of 2005)

Although China's reservoir tourism has started, due to various reasons, the operation of reservoirs in different places is not the same, and many reservoirs are still in the stage of "generating electricity, raising fish and selling water" [6]. Some reservoirs have low starting point, small scale, no unified planning, lack of scientific guiding ideology and effective operation mode, resulting in low efficiency, and some even destroy the natural ecological environment. Therefore, how to carry out this work still needs to be studied.