On February 2 nd, the dragon looked up. What customs and fun activities are there everywhere?

Folklore on February 2nd After the Yuan Dynasty, there were more records of various folk activities about "The Dragon Raised its Head on February 2nd". People also call this day the Dragon Head Festival, Spring Dragon Festival or Qinglong Festival. "The Chronicle of Yanjing Years Old" in the late Qing Dynasty said: "February 2nd ...... Today people call for the dragon to look up. Those who eat cakes during the solar eclipse are called Long Lin cakes, and those who eat noodles are called Longxu Noodles. Stop sewing in the boudoir, lest you hurt the dragon's eyes. " At this time, not only do women eat cakes and noodles, but also women can't operate needlework for fear of hurting the dragon's eyes. "Liaozhong County Records" records the local folk custom of February 2nd in the Republic of China, saying: "February 2nd, commonly known as the Dragon Head Up. Knocking on the beam with a pole in the morning means knocking on the tap, which means that the dragon is stung and landed, and the cover is near the period of shock. Farmers eat coarse rice flour as cakes and steamed buns for breakfast. So women shave their heads for children every day, covering up the meaning of dragons raising their heads. " This is a folk custom in Liaoning. In the morning, you should knock on the beams with a long pole to wake up the dragon. At the same time, I also make some pasta to eat. As a festival of ancient folk customs, the rise of the dragon on February 2 has basically faded out of the modern life of Chinese people. However, we should also realize that some cultural connotations of "Dragon Rising on February 2nd", such as the worship of dragons by the ancients and the materialistic explanation of "Dragon Rising" in ancient astronomy, are still of research value. On the second day of the second lunar month, it is one of the traditional festivals in Huai 'an, and it is called "Dragon Head Up", also known as "Dragon Head Festival". On February 2nd, the dragon looked up, and every man shaved his head. In the old days, there was a saying in Huai 'an that "people have money but no money, and they shave their heads for the New Year". It's been more than a month before the Spring Festival, and it's time to get a haircut. On February 2nd, the dragon raised its head, which was a lucky day. After a long time, it formed the custom of shaving on February 2nd. "On February 2nd, the dragon heads up, and every child shaves his head" is also the reason. In order to get lucky, the word "dragon" is added in the middle of the haircut, which is called "dragon head shaving" to distinguish it from other times' haircuts, and some girls choose this day to get their ears pierced. In addition, parents choose this day to send their children to study. On February 2, every family picks up their daughters. In the old days, in the first month, the bride didn't come back, the daughter-in-law didn't leave her family, and there was no room in the first month. At the same time, there is also a superstition that "a married daughter can't look at her parents' lights in the first month, but her parents' lights kill her father-in-law", so a daughter married in the first month is not allowed to go back to her parents' house. For more than a month, the girl missed her mother, and the mother missed her, so on February 2, it was not only the first month, but also an auspicious day, so all families took their daughters back to their parents' homes. On February 2nd, according to the beams, scorpions and clams have nowhere to hide. On this day, candles left over from the Chinese New Year's sacrifice were lit to shine on the beams and walls to drive out pests. In addition, on this day, the children knocked the ladle dry with chopsticks and said, "February 2, knock the ladle fork, and nine mice are blind." Knock on a small wine cup with chopsticks and say, "On February 2nd, knock on a small wine cup, and ten nests of mice are empty" to drive away rats and kill them. Write a list of "On February 2nd, the insects and ants went straight to the ground" with white paper, in which "The insects and ants went straight to the ground" should be inverted and then pasted on the legs of the table or bed to avoid insects and ants. "On February 2nd, the dragon looks up, the big hoard is full, and the small hoard flows", and it is another folk custom to draw grain hoards or granaries with blue gray, or to draw circles of different sizes in front of the door with blue gray, symbolizing that the big circle meets the small circle and praying for a bumper harvest. On February 2nd, some people eat rice crust on New Year's Eve and women are forbidden to use needlework. It is said that when the dragon looks up, it will hurt its eyes by sewing. February 2nd, according to legend, is the birthday of the land father-in-law, which is called "Land Birthday". In order to "warm the life" of the land father-in-law, some places have the custom of holding a "land meeting": every family collects money to celebrate the birthday of the land god, and goes to the land temple to burn incense and sacrifice, knock gongs and firecrackers, which gradually faded after the founding of the People's Republic of China. < /SPAN> < /p> February 2nd is a major festival after the Spring Festival in Wenshang County, Shandong Province, especially in Nanzhan Town, Wenshang County. On this day, it is also a world-famous Land Temple Mule and Horse Meeting. As far away as Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia, livestock are rushing to the meeting in advance, and merchants from all over the country come to attend this material exchange meeting. After dawn this day, before sunrise, I used to enclose the warehouse, that is, I used plant ash to enclose a figure like a grain store, put grains in the middle, and pressed it with bricks, indicating a bumper harvest of grain this year, hoping for a good harvest. Sprinkle plant ash on the root of the wall, chanting "one handful of ashes, two handfuls of ashes, scorpions and dragonflies will die in a heap". It is said that even if children play at the root of the wall, they will not hurt their children. There are also fried beans (this kind of fried beans is called "cooking beans" by local people, also known as "scorpion claws". Among them, cooking beans refer to black beans, soybeans or peanuts, which are generally cooked or fried, also known as cooking beans. Every year on the second day of the second lunar month, there is a custom of eating fried beans in some northern areas, such as northwest and Shandong, indicating the beginning of spring every year. ) habit, soak soybeans with seasoning a few days in advance, dry them, fry them that day, and exchange them when they meet. It is also fried with sugar, but the main ingredient is soybeans. When the children went to the house, they chanted the popular saying, "On February 2nd, the scorpion claws (fried soybeans) will be fried, and the aunt and aunt will give them", and the bean (fried soybeans) became the main product of the reception. People eat beans to catch the Land Temple Fair on February 2nd, playing, shopping, communicating, watching movies and so on. When the students arrive at school, they are in full swing, and the classroom has become a small exhibition of beans, laughing and tasting to see whose craftsmanship is good. It is not allowed to drink burnt calves (soup made of flour) on this day, especially if there are dragons at home. It is said that people who are afraid of burnt longan will not live long, so they can only eat noodles and dumplings on this day. Dumpling stuffing is made of shepherd's purse and spring festival meat dug from farmland and seasoned. There were shepherd's purse sellers in the county before this. On this day, women can't comb their hair in the room, otherwise, there will be dragonflies in the room. Moreover, women can't move a needle and thread for fear of hurting the dragon's eyes. After February 2, farmers began to be busy with farm work. Since February 2nd in Beijing is the time when the dragon rises, many foods are associated with dragons. In Beijing area, spring cakes are often eaten on this day, which is called "eating Long Lin", and it is more exquisite to match "combined dishes" when eating. The combined dish is made by frying shredded lean meat with spinach, bean sprouts, garlic and other vegetables. When eating, the spring cake is divided into two parts, covered with sweet noodle sauce, served with green onions, then sandwiched with the combined dish and rolled into a tube. In addition, noodles and dumplings are popular in northern China, and there is a special saying everywhere. For example, eating noodles is called "eating dragon beard" (Jilin) and "picking the dragon head" (Hebei), and eating dumplings is called "eating dragon ear" (Jilin), "eating dragon horn" (Hebei), "pressing longan" (Inner Mongolia) and "eating dragon teeth". In addition, there is another kind of food on February 2, called "Sun Cake", which is used to worship the sun god. People have the habit of offering sacrifices to the sun god on the first day of February, and later the birthday of the land god was included in it, and it was changed to February 2, which was called the Zhonghe Festival. "Yanjing Years Old" records: "On the first day of February, people in the city made rice dough into small cakes, five in a layer, with chickens over an inch in the top, which was called Sun Cake. People who worship the sun, buy and offer them, ranging from three to five. " This kind of cake is steamed with rice flour, and some people use glutinous rice. The chicken is the symbol of the sun. When the chicken crows, the sun rises. According to the custom of old Beijing, people always like to buy "snowballing usury" in February of the lunar calendar. "snowballing usury" is a kind of bean flour cake, a Beijing halal snack. Knead steamed yellow rice (or glutinous rice) into a ball, sprinkle fried yellow bean, add red bean stuffing, roll it into long strips, and sprinkle sesame, osmanthus and white sugar to eat. Because of the fact that when the food stalls in the Qing Dynasty were made and sold now, the bean noodles were sprinkled as they were made, just like the country donkeys rolled on the spot and covered with loess, so it got the name of humor. According to legend in Shanxi Province, the second day of the second lunar month is the day when everything recovers. On February 2, the dragon looked up. It is a popular festival in Shanxi. In Shanxi, people are used to having their hair cut on this day, while in rural areas, they shave their heads to get rid of the bad luck of the past and welcome the prosperity of the coming year. In general, in rural areas, on February 2nd, we always improve our food, eat jiaozi, twist and pancakes. The origin of the Qinglong Festival is related to the "fright" in the 24 solar terms. After the fright, the earth recovered and the yang rose. There is a saying in Shanxi folk proverb that "on February 2nd, the dragon rises". Jinnan area thinks that this day is the day of Qinglong activities, so it is forbidden to go to the river and the well to carry water, so as not to bring back dragon eggs. When walking and working by the river and the well, pay great attention to silence and try not to make any noise, so as not to disturb Qinglong and ruin the good years with good weather. On this day in northern Shanxi, "Qian Long" prevailed. Before the sun rises in the morning, every family carries a teapot and goes to the river or well to draw water. According to the calculation of several dragons controlling water this year, put a few copper coins or coins in the teapot. After pumping water, he spilled a trail of water as he walked back home, poured all the remaining water and money into the water tank, and Qianlong was brought home, which meant making a fortune in one year. Don't talk when attracting Qianlong, so as not to scare Qianlong away. In some places in the northwest of Shanxi, Qian Long chose a big tree or a big stone and sprinkled it with gray lines. Tie a copper coin with a red line, first put the copper coin in the gray coil, pull it home with a hand and cover it with a container. In the southeast of Shanxi Province, the money-drawing dragon uses kitchen ash and sprinkles a winding gray line, which goes all the way from the door to the kitchen and around the water tank. As the saying goes: "After a fright, a hundred insects will die." During the Qinglong Festival, many activities to drive away drugs are popular among the people. "Yangcheng County Records" records: "A hundred stings are at the beginning of the shock, and the heavenly master's charm is suspended to prevent insect poison." In the morning, when people get up, avoid saying the word "get up", for fear that all poisonous insects will also respond. Folklores in southern Shanxi like to cook Manjing soup, and sprinkle it all over the cracks in the walls, corners, the bottom of kang mats and under the bed, which is called "banning all kinds of insects". Others gathered villagers, carried idols, went to the heads of various houses and sprinkled rice soup in the courtyard, which meant to disperse the plague. People's doors are surrounded by lime. In the southeast of Shanxi, the folk custom painted a medicine gourd, which contained poisonous insects such as snakes, scorpions, centipedes, dragonflies, spiders, etc., and stuck it on the wall, which was called "stopping all kinds of insects". Others use beans and wheat flour to twist into a form of lights and bury them in the soil, which is called "smoked dragonflies". In Jinzhong area, folk families clap dustpans, and nursery rhymes include "On February 2nd, clap dustpans, fleas and ticks dare not go to the kang". Put a line around the toilet and the door with lime, which is called eliminating plague. Luliang area is used to cleaning houses every family. The northern part of Shanxi pays attention to "paste the wolf's mouth", and paste it on the mouth of Erlang God barking dog with sesame sugar or millet dough. Qinglong Festival is called "Flower Tide" in some places in southern Shanxi. People bring wine and food to the suburbs, sit around in selected places, sing and dance, and enjoy drinking, which is also called "spring outing" and "outing". Southeast Shanxi is used to making pancakes with glutinous rice flour to express condolences to women. Children in Jinzhong area are used to flying kites. Some counties pay attention to this day to play ash pits and worship the land gods. The northern part of Shanxi likes to eat noodles and vermicelli, which is called tiaolongwei. And eat cakes to paste the wolf's mouth, eat pears to fight the fire and get dirty. Luliang area likes to eat pancakes, which is called "uncovering dragon skin". On the day of Jinnan, you must eat twist and prickly heat, which is called "biting the keel". Northwest Shanxi pays attention to the Qinglong Festival, making a lot of social fires and yangko, and the grand occasion resembles the Lantern Festival in other places. On the Qinglong Festival, people in northern Shanxi pay attention to eating jujube hill before the Kitchen God. A few people in a family cut jujube hill into several pieces, one for each person, and the top three tips are for parents to enjoy. The Qinglong Festival in Hehe, Ruicheng, has an ancient meeting that has lasted for more than a thousand years, which can be called a strange custom. It is said that it began in the reign of Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty, and has been more than 1,8 years. It is also called "Three Societies Code" to commemorate the meritorious service of Huang Feihu, the Emperor of Dongyue. On this day, the villagers reveled and displayed the most precious treasures in their homes. The folks also called the "Bright Treasure Fair", which means that taking treasures can ward off evil spirits and avoid disasters, hoping that the year will be good and the crops will be plentiful. At that time, women dressed in colorful costumes will sing traditional folk songs, while men will play rough and powerful gods, local military commanders, civil servants, eight immortals, secular gods, etc., or ride horses, ride oxen and lift poles; Or naked, with wild cloth around his waist; Or homespun underpants, with hay cutter, ice, coarse purlin and stone mill on the back, showing great masculinity. The local nickname is "Hehe two shots". The atmosphere of social fire is composed of gongs and drums and rendered. The striking method is simple and primitive, commonly known as "leaving gongs and drums". Traditional programs include playing with lions, running dry boats, walking on stilts, carrying people and so on. The whole activity started from outside the village and lasted for a long time until the end of the former site of Taishan Temple. In the past, after the Qinglong Festival, the whole "Chinese New Year" was over. In the northwest, Min County, Gansu Province and other places, there was a habit of eating fried beans, indicating that at the beginning of every spring, people who came to the Langhui bought rhubarb pears and took them home to honor the elderly, so the "February 2" temple fair was also called the "Yellow Pear Fair". On February 2nd in the Northeast, Jilin, Liaoning, Heilongjiang and northeastern Inner Mongolia, people eat pig's head meat, have haircuts and set off firecrackers. On February 2nd, Hebei Province, there is a custom of picking dragon eggs early in the countryside. Before dawn, the male host draws water from the well in the village with a bucket. It is said that there will be dragon eggs in the well on February 2nd, so he can pick them home for good weather and good luck. On February 2nd in Fuzhou, Fujian, people in Fuzhou ate salty porridge instead of sugar porridge. Salty porridge is a salty porridge made of glutinous rice, celery, onion, garlic, shrimp, oyster and shredded pork. Salty porridge was cooked on February 2nd, mainly because Fuzhou in ancient times was not rich in materials, and the living standards of ordinary people were very low. Chicken, duck and fish were seldom available at ordinary times. Only before the Spring Festival, it was necessary and possible to purchase it, so as to prepare enough "food and grass" for the New Year's Eve and the first month (because during the first month, many businesses also stopped working and had a rest, so it was difficult to buy suitable food in the market). The food that has been stored for nearly a month has been eaten up, and the food that can't be eaten up is about to rot. On February 2, the thrifty housewife mixed all the food that had not been eaten in the first month, added some glutinous rice, and cooked it into porridge, so that the whole family gathered together to eat it, so as not to waste it. After February 2nd, ordinary people began to live on bread and water. Over time, the custom of cooking salty porridge on February 2 was formed. Since February 2 comes from cleaning and cooking the food left over from the first month, some people cook if they have surplus food, and don't cook if they don't. This is why February 2 is not as lively and standardized as the "Ao Jiu Festival". However, February 2nd, after all, carried forward the traditional virtues of Fuzhou people who are not extravagant and waste-free, and are diligent and housekeeping. "Jingqiao" in Qiandongnan, Guizhou Province is the most lively festival in Qiandongnan Miao area (Taijiang, Kaili, Ping Huang and other places), which falls on the second day of February in the lunar calendar. On the day of "Jingqiao", the local Miao people, regardless of gender, age and age, put on costumes and went to "Jingqiao". Children were dressed in new clothes and had net bags with eggs hanging on their chests, which was called "Children's Day" of the Miao people. In the banquet to worship the Bridge Bridge, it is considered auspicious if you meet passers-by and step on the bridge for the first time. The bridge mainly keeps eating, treats you with hot tables, and sends eggs and glutinous rice. "Bridges" are placed on the fields, ditches or pavements respectively, and they are also paved on the pavement to facilitate pedestrians to walk, rest and cultivate virtue in order to prosper. The bridge erected has a family as the unit; Clan masses; There are three kinds of public bridges erected by the whole village. "Respect the bridge" takes the family as the unit, and each has its own special "bridge" for sacrifice. You can't worship a certain "bridge" at will. To respect the bridge, a bridge must be built first. Any Miao woman who is infertile after marriage, gives birth to a girl without a boy or a boy without a girl, can ask a wizard to check her handwriting. If it is determined that she needs to build a bridge to beg for a child, she can build a bridge. The material size of the "bridge" depends on the place where it is erected, including fir Fang, boards, stones and wooden stools. The "bridge" was built by a ghost master, who offered a one-foot two-inch cloth (black and white), one yuan and twenty cents, five catties of rice, three-tailed fish, three duck eggs or a duck as a sacrifice. During the ceremony, the wizard recited a "greeting" and asked the gods to bless him and give it to him as soon as possible.