Analysis on Employment Direction and Prospect of Tourism Management Major

Graduates majoring in tourism and leisure management can engage in tourism economic management and enterprise management in tourism administrative departments, travel agencies, tourist attractions, tourism consulting companies, tourism e-commerce enterprises, tourism planning institutions and theme parks; Or the self-employed in the tourism and leisure industry. So is the employment prospect of tourism management major good? Let's take a look at it with Aiyang Education!

Contemporary Tourism and Tourism Management Specialty

Compared with ordinary tourism disciplines, tourism management has a wider coverage and involves more professional knowledge, which is more suitable for the demand of compound talents in today's and future tourism industries. Tourism management is no longer a professional discipline that only studies a certain aspect of tourism in the past, but now it has become an important branch of management, and it is a comprehensive specialty that integrates tourism, catering, accommodation, geography, history, consulting and other knowledge. The practicality of a subject determines the complexity and diversity of its necessary knowledge. The main research is modern tourism management, culture, tourist attractions, hotel accommodation, foreign languages and other related knowledge at home and abroad, while understanding the huge tourism market, competition within the industry, the development trend of the whole industry and so on. Tourism management majors pay more attention to the combination of theory and practice to better adapt to today's tourism industry.

In the past, whenever tourism majors were mentioned, people first thought of tour guides and hotel service personnel. In fact, graduates majoring in tourism management can engage in tourism administrative departments, tourist attractions, travel agencies, tourism e-commerce enterprises, tourism marketing planning enterprises, tourism consulting companies and even start their own businesses. It can be seen that the employment prospect of tourism management major is very optimistic, and the overall environment of tourism is also optimistic.

The present situation and employment environment of domestic tourism

The World Tourism Council (WTTC) announced at the World Congress organized by the World Tourism Organization that the number of tourism employees in China now ranks first in the world. In China, it is estimated that by 20 1 1, the tourism industry will attract nearly 90 million employees, especially the holding of the 20 10 Shanghai World Expo will bring many business opportunities and employment opportunities. It can be seen that there is a big demand gap for tourism management talents in the future. In 2008, * * * received 654.38+3 billion inbound tourists, achieving foreign exchange earnings of 40.843 billion US dollars from international tourism, and received 654.38+0.765+438+0.20 billion domestic tourists, earning 874.930 billion RMB, up 6.3% and 654.38+0.2% respectively over the previous year. Total tourism revenue 1. 1.6 trillion yuan, an increase of 5.8% over the previous year. In 2009, China's tourism industry maintained rapid growth, and its total tourism revenue increased significantly. The total tourism revenue in the whole year was about 1.26 trillion yuan, an increase of 9% over the previous year.

According to the research on the target system and strategic measures of tourism employment in China, the common tourism employment in China can be divided into the following categories according to the region.

First, with large-scale scenic spots as the leader, a rich employment system and employment methods have been formed, including accommodation, catering, entertainment, tourism and shopping, and labor services.

Second, in tourist cities, transportation hubs and distribution bases, a comprehensive tourism service system centered on accommodation reception has been formed, and high-density employment areas such as hotel concentration areas have been formed.

Third, in order to satisfy the leisure vacation of urban residents, the holiday belt around the city has become an important growth point of tourism employment, and a corresponding employment system has been established for urban residents' leisure services, including tourist resorts, theme parks, farmhouses and industrial tourism.

Fourthly, the tourism employment system in small towns and rural areas. In recent years, ancient town tourism and rural tourism have appeared in China, and the employment system generated by this tourism model is more participatory than that of general tourist attractions.

From these classifications, we can find that it basically covers all possible employment opportunities in today's tourism industry. Including hotel management direction, travel agency management direction, scenic spot management direction, exhibition tourism management direction, catering management direction, leisure and entertainment management direction, tourism administration management direction and so on. For example, hotel management, there are nearly 1000 star-rated hotels in China, and the demand for talents has greatly increased. Most managers are basically students from technical secondary schools and vocational schools, who have engaged in hotel business and accumulated experience, and generally lack theoretical knowledge. Therefore, undergraduate graduates with certain practical experience are still popular. However, undergraduate graduates need to overcome the shortcomings of aiming too high and aiming too low, and start from the grassroots level in a down-to-earth manner, and then make development plans after accumulating experience, otherwise it will be difficult for people to find jobs.

The present situation and employment of international tourism

With the rapid development of international tourism in the past half century, tourism has the advantage of increasing national economic income and employment, so all countries and regions in the world have accelerated the development of international tourism. From 1950 to 2008, the number of international tourists worldwide increased from 25 million to 654.38 billion.

At present, the tourism industry in the world is the most developed, and the most employment opportunities are mainly concentrated in the United States, Europe, Asia and Oceania. As one of the most developed countries in tourism, the tourism market in the United States is quite huge, with the number of tourists far exceeding that of European countries every year, especially the hotel industry is developing rapidly, which is why many universities in the United States are very famous for their tourism management majors, such as Cornell University.

In the European market, such as France, Switzerland, Britain and other countries with high economic level, tourism is also very developed, ranking first in the world in terms of both the number of inbound tourists and domestic tourism. The hotel management major in Lausanne, Switzerland is world-famous, which shows that the tourism employment prospects in Europe are also very good.

In addition, tourism in Asia and Oceania is also developing rapidly. Although young, it has unlimited potential, among which Singapore, South Korea, Australia and New Zealand are more prominent, and even the number of visitors exceeds their own population. Of course, apart from these countries, there is no doubt that China's tourism industry is gradually beginning to occupy the leading position in the world tourism industry.

The Future of Tourism Management

Tourism is a popular consumption project in recent years, and it is also a new industry with fast development speed and strong driving effect, with broad development prospects. Modern economy is in direct proportion to the development of tourism, which has become a symbol to measure economic development and people's living standards, and tourism is gradually becoming a pillar industry in the tertiary industry.

Tourism is a thriving industry, so tourism management is also a sunrise profession. With the gradual improvement of tourism management system and the better combination of theory and practice, the prospect of tourism management specialty is very bright. If the current tourism management major is a flower in bud, then in the near future, the flowers of tourism management will be "charming, delicate and charming, and fragrant with flowers".

The employment direction of tourism and leisure management major is as follows:

1. Tourism management department

The employment of tourism administrative departments should be carried out by means of civil servants, and the specific process includes online registration, on-site registration, written interview, physical examination, list publicity and other links. Employers include provincial, city and county tourism bureaus and their subordinate enterprises and institutions. The specific location of each unit depends on the needs. Please refer to the civil servant enrollment brochure of that year.

2. Travel agencies

The functional departments of travel agencies are divided into: business department, planning and dispatching department, reception department, tour guide department, outreach department, finance department, etc.

Business Department: Responsible for travel agency services such as marketing planning of travel agency products, soliciting groups and ground connection, as well as the organization and marketing of conferences and small and medium-sized exhibitions; There are mainly managers, assistants, secretaries, league organizations, ground contacts and other positions.

Planning and dispatching department: specifically operate the travel agency business, including designing tourist routes and making quotations.

Reception department: reception of guests and other visitors who come to consult.

Tour guide department: arrange tour guides to take tours, and tour guides must have tour guide certificates.

External relations department: the spokesperson of travel agencies in other places, and often goes to other cities to promote travel agencies.

Finance Department: Responsible for all fund operations of travel agencies, and the staff should have certain accounting knowledge.

3. Travel consulting company

The main business includes: outbound travel consultation, domestic travel consultation, travel agency, business investigation consultation, immigration study consultation, hotel reservation all over the country, travel (business) car reservation, conference and exhibition, travel consultant, tour guide training service, etc.

With the National Professional Standards for Tourism Consultant Training and the National Vocational Examination Syllabus and Examination Training Textbooks for Tourism Consultant Training passed the expert evaluation of the National Vocational Qualification Training and Appraisal Experimental Base, the training and evaluation of tourism consultants were piloted in the whole country. According to the person in charge of Tianjin Certification Center, the average salary of the first batch of 100 students in Chengdu during the probation period is 2385 yuan. Tourism consultants are divided into assistants and division-level students who take the national unified examination after graduation. After passing the examination, he will be awarded the certificate of tourism consultant of the National Vocational Qualification Training and Appraisal Experimental Base, and his personal data will be entered into the China Tourism Consultant Network and the National Vocational Qualification Training and Appraisal Experimental Base Network. In 2008, the first national unified examination for "tourism consultants" will be held on June 22nd, and tourism consulting will become the hottest new occupation.

4. Tourism e-commerce enterprises

Tourism is considered as one of the industries with the strongest sensitivity to the Internet, and together with finance, software and online bookstore, it is called the four most suitable industries for online operation. It can be seen that tourism e-commerce enterprises have great potential. The main business scope of tourism e-commerce enterprises includes providing tourism information, booking hotels, air tickets, tourist routes and practical information retrieval of business tourism. For example, Ctrip.com and eLong.com are well-known tourism e-commerce enterprises at home and abroad.

5. Tourism planning agencies

Graduates can engage in tourism planning and planning. Tourism planning institutions mainly include tourism development planning, scenic spot planning, tourism planning and other businesses. By 2007, there were 9 first-class qualification units of tourism planning in China, 54 with second-class qualification/kloc-0 and 62 with third-class qualification, covering all provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government. In addition, there are some unqualified planning institutions.

6. Tourism marketing planning enterprises

Emerging tourism marketing planning enterprises are marketing planning enterprises that have expanded from the original travel agency business department to the independent tourism market, which is a new tourism industry generated by the new division of labor in the development of tourism. Business includes marketing planning of tourist attractions, large-scale tourism performances, large-scale tourism activities, tourist routes and tourist destinations; Also engaged in the organization and marketing of exhibitions. They are the bridge between tourism demand market and tourism supply market, providing tourists with tourism consumption products and their combinations (entities and information), and providing consumer groups (entities and information) for tourism products and tourism destinations; The popularity of some large-scale tourism products in the market is not unrelated to the operation of tourism marketing planning enterprises, such as the impression of large-scale live song and dance Liu Sanjie. As a new tourism marketing planning enterprise, its business volume is huge and its personnel are capable. Employees are required to have higher academic qualifications, understand the development status of tourism enterprises, understand the trend of tourism consumption, have higher communication and immediate response ability to market changes, and have good team spirit and integrity. Most tourism marketing planning enterprises have e-commerce business.

7. Tourist attractions

Graduates can engage in the management of tourist attractions. According to the Report on the Development of Tourist Attractions in China in 2005 by the National Tourism Administration, as of June 5438+ 10, 2005, there were about 20,000 tourist attractions in China, including 140 1, national key scenic spots 177 and national nature reserves. There are 306 demonstration sites for industrial and agricultural tourism, including 3 1 natural and cultural heritage sites listed in the World Heritage List. Tourist attractions have constituted half of China's tourism industry. These scenic spots are all over the country, and any kind of tourist attractions is a way out for employment. Many tourist attractions have created good employment opportunities for tourism and leisure management majors.

8. Theme parks

Graduates can engage in the operation and management of theme parks. Theme parks are divided into paradise type, folk type, historical type, concentrated landscape type, science and technology type, etc. The types of parks are Happy Valley, Sea World, Ice and Snow World, etc. There are folk culture villages, ethnic culture villages and so on. Historical types such as Song Cheng in Hangzhou, Tang Cheng and San'guo City in Wuxi; Guangxi's Promised Land, Xanadu and Fool's Paradise; Window of the World, splendid china and other concentrated landscape types. Dinosaur Museum, Space Science Center and other scientific and technological categories.

9. Travel and leisure clubs

Graduates can engage in the management of golf clubs, fitness clubs, rock climbing clubs, beaches, desert sand sliding clubs and other entertainment places such as bars and KTV. In addition to the above-mentioned traditional clubs, small and medium-sized clubs, "houses" and "bars" have appeared in some large and medium-sized cities or tourist destinations, such as pottery clubs, batik bars, fishing clubs and cooking clubs.

10. Tourist attractions

Tourist resort is a tourist place integrating entertainment, accommodation, catering, dance halls, conference halls and large parking lots. With beautiful environment and complete facilities, it is a good place for holiday and leisure travel, and it is increasingly favored by tourists. Graduates majoring in tourism and leisure management can engage in the management of tourist resorts.

1 1. Teaching in Tourism Vocational Middle School and Tourism Vocational Secondary School

With the rapid development of tourism, there is an increasing demand for grassroots tourism talents. Tourism vocational secondary schools, tourism vocational secondary schools or middle school tourism classes have developed rapidly. It is also a good choice for tourism graduates to engage in secondary vocational education.

12. Self-employment in tourism and leisure industries

Various tourist souvenir shops with individual characteristics are related to tourism, including tourist inns with economic characteristics, bars and teahouses with cultural tastes, local catering and snack industries, pottery bars and batik bars mentioned above, gardening bars that teach flower planting and bonsai making, flower bars with flower arrangement and photography bars. The self-employment of tourism and leisure in cities and tourist destinations can be said to be colorful, and many entrepreneurial doorways can be found from the investigation and analysis of contemporary people's tourism and leisure consumption demand.

13. Go to the countryside and participate in the development of rural tourism and leisure industry.

The development of urbanization and the acceleration of new rural economic construction have promoted the development of rural tourism and leisure industry, especially around big cities. Professor Liu Deqian, editor-in-chief of Travel Magazine, and other experts predict that rural tourism will soon occupy half of China's tourism industry. The vast rural areas are extremely short of tourism talents, and the rural tourism and leisure industry is a vast world for tourism undergraduates to display their talents. Participate in rural tourism development, operate rural tourism hotels, conduct rural tourism marketing planning, organize rural tourism commodity production and operation, or engage in rural tourism secondary vocational education and tourism skills training, and choose the direction according to the principle of "adapting to local conditions"; It can be entrepreneurship, such as organizing rural tourism marketing planning enterprises, raising funds to jointly run rural tourism leisure enterprises with local farmers, and leasing rural tourism resources to establish small and medium-sized rural tourism enterprises; It can also be employment, employment in rural tourism and leisure enterprises.