I want to write a graduation thesis about Yongding Tulou culture. Could you please give me some advice on how to write it in a more novel way with an innovative perspective? Thanks!

The first point starts with the similarity of buildings in multiple cities, effectively giving full play to regional cultural characteristics

Decision makers, leaders, architects, etc. of urban construction are related to urban development Builders, developers, and urban residents start with every detail.

I will give you an example of a well-written paper for your reference.

Introduction: In the old houses in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, there are countless garden landscapes like small bridges and flowing water. However, when it comes to masters of wood carving, brick carving, sculpture and painting, Lu Zhai in Dongyang, Zhejiang must be the first to recommend. People in the photography industry who have been to Lu Zhai will probably never forget the uncanny and meticulous craftsmanship that makes people forget to leave.

I walked into Dongyang Luzhai by chance. Returning to Beijing from Yiwu, Zhejiang, a famous small commodity distribution center in the country, there are only trains on Mondays and Fridays, and I just finished my work on Wednesday. After having half a day to spare, I couldn't wait to catch a taxi to Dongyang and rush to the old Jiangnan house that I had been fascinated by for a long time.

After turning east and west, the taxi finally stopped in front of an interesting old street. When I got out of the car, I looked up and saw the white tiled walls, which were light and elegant; the volcanic walls were staggered; the pebbled roads were paved with winding paths. It seems that this stretch of hundreds of meters is the famous Luzhai Old Street.

Lu Zhai is not a house, but a complete community of sculptural art buildings. The old street is not all of Lu Zhai, but only its main body. Luzhai is actually the collective name of this ancient building complex located in the east of Dongyang City. It is a group of classic buildings that integrates the essence of Jiangnan folk houses and integrates Dongyang wood carving, stone carving, brick carving, sculpture and painting. It is a treasure of the Chinese nation's cultural heritage. In 1988, the State Council announced a number of national key cultural relics protection units, and Lu Zhai was one of them.

The entire village of Lu Zhai is centered on the Lu family's ancestral hall, and is surrounded by several groups of buildings extending from the three axes of Fijing Hall, Suyong Hall and Shude Hall. The 500-meter-long Luzhai Old Street and the two elegant streams in the east and west form the main traffic road in Luzhai. *** More than 40 gardens, academies, temples and 26 archways are dotted here, which not only make the architectural form of Luzhai more diverse, but also add a bit of beauty and elegance to the overall style of Luzhai. Luzhai Tower covers an area of ??23,000 square meters. Compared with the scale of large ancient building complexes such as the Dong Family Courtyard in Dali, Yunnan, and the Qiao Family Courtyard in Qixian, Shanxi, which are rigorously planned and magnificent, it seems to be dwarfed by the scale. However, when it comes to the splendor and elegance of the building complex and the exquisite carvings of the building components, it is difficult for any building complex to compare with Luzhai, which is known as the "hometown of hundreds of craftsmen".

The main style of Lu House is the style of Ming and Qing folk houses. According to the "Yaxi Lu Family Tradition", the Lu family originated from Zhuozhou (ancient name Fan Yang) in Hebei Province and was originally a descendant of Qi Taigong Jiang Shang (also known as Jiang Ziya). According to legend, Sun Lu Yuanfu, the 11th generation of Jiang Taigong, moved from Hebei to Zhejiang in the early Southern Song Dynasty (1127) and built a house in Dongyang. From the Jingtai to Wanli years of the Ming Dynasty (1456-1607), Lu Honglan, the 19th generation grandson of the Lu family, and his sons expanded the Lu house, which took its shape today. After nearly a thousand years, most of Lu's house is still well preserved, which shows the skill of the builders at that time.

The owner of Lu's house has a family tradition of poetry and etiquette, and the building regulations are based on scholar-bureaucrat's mansions as a model. Many people are involved in official careers and many are among academicians. Its regulations are different from ordinary Jiangnan folk houses. It is a scholar-bureaucrat's residence like Confucius' Mansion in Qufu, Shandong.

Walking through Luzhai Old Street, you will see a large carved and polished brick screen wall with five bays and three depths in the south of the road. This is the outermost entrance of the main body of Luzhai. Because the screen wall completely separates the door street from the main body of the house, it is also called the external screen wall. The screen wall has a pebble pavement, a bluestone Xumi pedestal, and eight carved stone pillars. There are two tall wooden poles reserved for hanging lanterns during festivals inside the stone railings. The screen wall is engraved with figures such as "Two Lions Rolling Hydrangea Balls", "Carp Jumping over Dragon Gate", "Four Treasures of the Study", etc. These are to pray for the scholars and descendants of the Lu family from generation to generation, and they all have auspicious meanings. To the north from Zhaobi are two stone archways with four pillars and three bays that were popular in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, with the inscription "Da Fu Di" written on them. The main entrance space enclosed by the screen wall to the north of the "Da Fu Di" gatehouse and the exterior screen wall in front is in the shape of "〔〕", which means "hiding the wind and accepting the air", which means to ensure the literary style and official spirit of the Lu family for the sake of official career. May you always be happy.

After passing the stone archway of "Da Fu Di" and turning onto a pebble-paved corridor, we saw the real gate of Lu's house - "Jie Bao Gate". This gate was built during the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty. The original plaque "Jie Bao" written in the Ming Dynasty on the gate has been destroyed and is now written by today's people. The "Good News" plaque records in small characters the history of the Lu family's 8 Jinshi, 2 Jieyuan, and 29 Juren from the Ming Dynasty to the Guangxu Period of the Qing Dynasty. After passing the Jiebao Gate and looking back, the door frame just frames a distant mountain to the south. The shape of the mountain resembles an upright penholder, hence the name Bijia Mountain. There is an elegant stream on the east and west sides of Lu's house - all this is like the unique Feng Shui of "facing mountains and surrounding water" specially arranged for the descendants of the Lu family, blessing them to become officials for generations.

This kind of architectural form of blessing is also reflected in several halls of Luzhai.

Across the second "Guoguang Gate" is a courtyard of about 400 square meters, also paved with pebbles. There is a 2-meter-wide curved corridor in one corner of the courtyard, connecting to Suyong Hall to the north. When you come to Lu Zhai, you must visit Suyong Hall, because this building is the core building and main axis of Lu Zhai, an ancient architectural complex in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. "Su means solemnity, the reason why etiquette is established; Yong means Yonghe, and the reason why music is born." "Poetry·Zhou Song·You Gu" says: "Pan Jue's sound is Su Yong's harmony." Hence the name of the hall. It is said that Suyong Hall was built to worship the 14th generation Lu Rong's concubine Jin. Suyong Hall is in the shape of an I, facing south and divided into three bays, with a bay area of ??25 meters wide. Starting from the first entrance gate, a central axis with a total length of 320 meters runs through the north and south. There are 9 buildings of different sizes (i.e. nine entrances) arranged on this central axis, which are divided into four in the front and five in the back. The first four are 180 meters long in total. They are used as ceremonial places for discussions, greetings and sacrifices, etc. Women are never allowed to enter here. The last five sections, with a total length of 140 meters, are living areas such as housing, kitchens and toilets, warehouses, etc. In addition, there are several wing rooms on the east and west sides, named "Xuexuan". It was the "Sanwei Bookstore" of the Lu family at that time, for the disciples of the family to go to school. What is particularly unique about Suyong Hall is that there are movable Shiku doors that can be opened and closed in the first four entrances, and there is a waterproof gutter on the top of the double span of the hall. The entire building has extremely smooth drainage. If there is a heavy rain and the water level reaches the man's forehead, it will only take half an hour after the rain stops to drain out of the hall. In addition to the axis of Suyong Hall, there are two axes running from north to south, Shude Hall and Fijing Hall, and there are also many rooms. It seems that Suyong Hall is the largest residential building in the country in terms of area and advanced facilities.

If we compare the architectural complex to a painting, Lu Zhai is a fine-brush painting known for its delicacy. During my walk-through tour, I often stopped for the ingenuity of some of the details of Lu Zhai's architecture. Lu's house has various architectural structures. Most of the main halls have wooden frames with raised beams, while Xuexuan has a bucket-type structure (a bucket-type structure means that the columns are thin and numerous, and the columns are connected by strings to form a whole. Each column is topped with a purlin. It uses less materials and can be won. Larger space, extremely convenient). Another example is Suyong Hall, which has a structure of five beams and pierced beams, and the walls are made of hollow bricks, which extends the depth. In general, the architecture of Lu Zhai uses a single building as a unit to form a spatial sequence with unique artistic charm, showing rich connotation and interest.

If the architectural complex is compared to painting, Lu House can be compared to the meticulous meticulous painting. As for the roof alone, Lu's house can be divided into double eaves and single eaves. The forms of eaves include roll shed, hard hill, hanging hill and so on. In each building of Luzhai, the Zhejiang residential-style wind volcanic walls, towering vertical ridges and warped roofs are clearly highlighted, integrating the elegance and strength of the overall building style and presenting a southern style. The residential houses are light, elegant and subtle in artistic characteristics. Although Luzhai is a scholar-bureaucrat's residence, because it adopts a large wooden style, with green tiles, white walls, and pebble paving, it exudes a sense of simplicity and timeless intimacy.

The most admirable thing is the carving craftsmanship of Lu Zhai, whether it is the architectural brackets, arches, beams, sparrows, corbels or partitions, or the design and manufacturing process of furniture. It reflects the rich characteristics of the hometown of wood carving in the country. On the inconspicuous partitions, skirt boards and tapestry boards, I saw various openwork reliefs, including figures or landscapes, such as "Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea", "Water Margin", "Hundred Life Pictures", "Jiang Ziya Meets King Wen", etc. , or flowers, birds, fish and insects, all are exquisitely carved and vivid in form, which is really amazing. What is more difficult is the multi-layered carvings on the corbels. The characters look natural, the flowers and birds are lively, and the auspicious animals are lifelike. If you look closely, you will feel like a masterpiece. Dongyang wood carving first originated from the three-dimensional round carved wooden figurines in the first year of Zhenguan in the Tang Dynasty (627), but unfortunately it has been lost. The earliest existing objects are a Buddha statue of a talented boy and a Buddha statue with a broken head dating from the second year of Jianlong in the Northern Song Dynasty (961). It is said that in the mid-Qing Dynasty, more than 400 woodcarving artists from Dongyang and Shengxian counties in Zhejiang Province went to the Forbidden City in Beijing to engage in carving, which shows the fame of Dongyang woodcarving. Luzhai is not only a rare collection of various sculptures, but also witnesses the rise, decline and changes of Dongyang wood carvings. Before the Ming Dynasty, metallurgical technology was limited, and the images of sculptures were mostly rigorous and vivid, with rough and bold lines. After the Qing Dynasty, wood carving tools developed rapidly, with more than 300 kinds of tools, and they began to be divided into chisel type and drill rod type. The largest drill tool is 5 centimeters wide, while the smallest needle chisel is only as thick as a hair. Moreover, since the early Qing Dynasty, the painting technology of wood carvings has also been well developed. The full combination of the two has made Lu Zhai's wood carvings begin to show their best state of gorgeousness, exquisiteness, and more artistic appeal. In addition, Lu Zhai's stone carvings, brick carvings and sculptures have also reached very high attainments.

Although Lu Zhai’s gardens are not famous, and are not as graceful and graceful as those in Tongli and Zhouzhuang, they have left behind praises and good stories from many literati. This is because the Lu family values ??exchanges. Wen Zhengming, one of the "Four Great Talents in Wuzhong", Dong Qichang, a calligrapher and painter of the Ming Dynasty, and Liu Yong, an important minister of the Qing Dynasty, were all guests of Lu's house. After the Ming Dynasty, wars in the south of the Yangtze River decreased, and wealthy aristocrats developed a gardening style. Lu Zhai also built more than 20 gardens, pavilions, and pavilions, including Peony Garden, Golden Valley Garden, and Furong Garden. These garden works of art are also indispensable for Lu Zhai. scenery. I hope this beautiful ancient building complex can be preserved forever.