What are the benefits of paid vacation?

First, the significance of implementing the paid vacation system

From the Golden Week to the paid vacation system, public holidays have changed from the national centralized vacation mode to the annual decentralized vacation mode. This change in vacation mode is conducive to improving the level of social management, rationally allocating and utilizing time and other resources, bringing China's vacation system into line with the international vacation system, and greatly reducing the adverse impact of citizens' vacation benefits on social production and operation. At present, the significance of paid vacation system is mainly manifested in the following two aspects:

1. It has social progress and makes up for the shortage of the centralized holiday system in the "Golden Week".

The establishment of paid vacation system is one of the necessary supports for the development and transformation of China from an extensive centralized national vacation model to a refined and personalized decentralized national vacation model. Compared with the "Golden Week", the paid vacation system allows right holders to choose their own travel time more freely, make holiday leisure travel plans flexibly, and better enjoy their right to rest. Diversified and modern paid vacation is a vacation system that gives citizens more reasonable rights to rest and travel. This vacation system is more humane than the "Golden Week", which can better reflect the respect and understanding of human rights. It is an important symbol of social progress and is conducive to the harmonious development of society.

The decentralized vacation mode formed by paid vacation avoids the disadvantages of centralized vacation, reduces the huge social management cost brought by each "Golden Week" holiday, avoids all kinds of economic losses caused by temporary suspension of operation in all aspects of society, and avoids all kinds of side effects brought by crowd gathering, such as reducing the probability of cross-infection of infectious diseases, reducing traffic accidents that may be caused by crowd crowding, and reducing the environmental damage caused by too many tourists to scenic spots. Promote people's more independent, free, rational and mature consumption patterns.

2. Make the distribution of tourism demand resources reasonable in time and promote the healthy development of tourism.

The implementation of personalized paid vacation system can not only let tourists choose their own travel time, naturally stagger the peak of tourism, greatly reduce the pressure of "Golden Week" holiday, eliminate the bottleneck effect, and make the allocation of tourism supply resources and demand resources tend to be reasonable in time. It can also enable more potential tourists to realize their tourism aspirations, generate more colorful tourism needs, and truly play the role of tourism in promoting domestic demand. The paid vacation system conforms to the operation law and development law of the tourism industry, and will promote the holiday economy and tourism industry to be promoted again. From the perspective of developing domestic tourism, the facts in developed countries show that there can be no real development of domestic tourism without paid vacation.

Many domestic scholars have a * * understanding of this point. Huang of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law wrote in his master's thesis "Research on Countermeasures to Expand China's Tourism Market" (200 1), Su Xu of Shanxi University of Finance and Economics wrote in his master's thesis "Research on Leisure Marketing" (2002), and Zhejiang University wrote in his master's thesis "Analysis of China's Tourism Development-On Promoting the Growth of International Service Trade with Tourism Development" (2002). Yan Youbing expounded the inevitable relationship between paid vacation and the development of tourism in China in the article "On the implementation of paid vacation system and the in-depth development of tourism in China", and Wei Baoxiang expounded the inevitable relationship between paid vacation and the development of tourism in China in the article "Analysis of leisure time system affecting the development of tourism in China".

Second, the reality of implementing the paid vacation system

The emergence and implementation of paid vacation system should have at least two realistic conditions: first, the considerable material and economic conditions created by the development of industrial society; The second is the formation of public holiday tourism demand and market.

(a) The development of industrial society has created a lot of material and economic conditions.

Considerable material and economic conditions are the fundamental conditions for the emergence of paid vacation system. On the one hand, people have surpassed the subsistence line, the material living standard has reached a certain height, the proportion of workers in basic expenditures such as food has decreased, and people's consumption structure has changed to development and enjoyment. On the other hand, the social wealth created by the rapid development of industrial society can provide sufficient material and economic conditions for the implementation of paid vacation system. It can not only bear the financial support needed for paid vacation, but also create good holiday travel conditions for paid vacation and ensure the real realization of citizens' right to paid vacation.

1936 France first established the paid vacation system, and other countries basically established the paid vacation system in the welfare system reform after World War II. At that time, the economies of various countries developed rapidly and the welfare security system was constantly improved. It was also during this period that modern tourism came into being and developed. In 1950s and 1960s, modern mass tourism became popular in major countries in the world. During this period, the per capita GDP of major countries reached $65,438+0,000, and the Engel coefficient was generally between 30% and 40% (see table 1). China's GDP per capita exceeded $65,438+0,000 for the first time in 2003. The Engel coefficient of rural families is 45.6%, and that of urban families is 37. 1%. According to Engel's coefficient, FAO put forward a standard to distinguish poverty from wealth, that is, those with Engel's coefficient above 59% are absolute poverty, 50-59% are barely living, 40-50% are well-off, 30-40% are rich, and those below 30% are the richest. According to this standard, considering the imbalance of China's development, the consumption structure of urban residents in China has generally been upgraded to well-off standard, while towns and villages are generally in the process of upgrading from adequate food and clothing to a well-off society. On the other hand, China has basically possessed the material and economic conditions to implement the paid vacation system. First, from the practice of implementing the "Golden Week" holiday in China, all aspects of our country can bear the long-term welfare of the public. Secondly, the development model of tourism in China is: inbound tourism → domestic tourism → outbound tourism. The first development of inbound tourism makes all kinds of infrastructure and tourism supply capacity relatively perfect, which makes the implementation of paid vacation system have a good tourism supply foundation. The per capita GDP of $65,438+0,000 will be a flashpoint for the rapid growth of tourism consumption in China, and it is also a signal that China should establish a paid vacation system.

(B) public holiday tourism demand awareness and demand market basically formed.

The paid vacation system is closely related to the public's holiday tourism activities. The paid vacation system is a necessary prerequisite for the public to complete high-quality tourism activities, and tourism activities are the main content of paid vacation. If there is no public demand for holiday travel, the paid vacation system will lose its practical significance. China's "Golden Week" completed the premise of cultivating tourism demand awareness and tourism demand market for the establishment of paid vacation system. On the one hand, the "Golden Week" has created abundant time conditions, which makes the potential consumption demand originally limited by time become a reality, which is mainly manifested in the long-distance leisure and holiday tourism of the public in China. On the other hand, the national concentrated tourism behavior formed by the implementation of the "Golden Week" and the atmosphere caused by this collective tourism have made the public's tourism awareness in China form rapidly. Some urban residents in China have formed a lifestyle of regular holiday travel, and the "Golden Week" has raised the public's demand for tourism in China from a potential state to a realistic state. Since the implementation of 1999 "golden week", the number of domestic tourists and the rate of travel have increased rapidly, especially for urban residents. (See Table 2)

Table 2: Travel Time and Travel Rate of National and Urban Residents from 2000 to 2006

age

2000

200 1

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

accomplish

country

Person-times (100 million)

7.44

7.84

8.78

8.70

1 1.02

12. 12

13.94

Travel rate (%)

59. 1

62.2

69.2

67.9

84.8

92.7

106. 1

cities and towns

resident

Person-times (100 million)

3.29

3.74

3.85

3.5 1

4.59

4.96

5.76

Travel rate (%)

104.4

1l0.2

1 15.3

100.5

126.6

135. 1

156.7

At present, there is a phenomenon in China. For example, when the developed countries just started to implement the paid vacation system, some people spontaneously asked the government to implement the paid vacation system and give citizens more and more reasonable rest rights arrangements. According to the statistics of Beijing Zero Survey Company in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, a considerable number of China people accept the paid vacation system. 44% citizens prefer the free and flexible way of traveling with paid vacation. In the same crowd, only 30% people choose the current long vacation method.

Security System of Public Paid Vacation Welfare System in China.

At present, the conditions and opportunities for developing paid vacation in China are ripe. It is an urgent task for the government to establish, implement and improve the paid vacation system in China as soon as possible. As a public policy with great influence on the welfare of the whole people, the establishment and implementation of paid vacation system must avoid the welfare loss of hundreds of millions of ordinary workers. While paying attention to the positive expectation of its economic and social effects, it is also necessary to consider the current situation of China's social development and social realistic background, and make a pre-judgment on the problems that may be encountered or caused, so as to form a complete guarantee system for the paid vacation welfare system.

(1) Strengthen legislation, formulate detailed rules for implementation and improve relevant laws and regulations.

The perfection of law is the fundamental guarantee for the existence and implementation of paid vacation system. To realize the welfare of paid vacation system, we must first improve the legislative deficiencies. On the one hand, we should improve the legal provisions of the paid vacation system in the labor law, mainly to supplement the protection of the right to paid vacation, and stipulate the relief measures for those whose rights have been infringed and the punishment measures for infringers. At the same time, sanctions against units or individuals who violate the paid vacation system can also be formulated in relevant administrative regulations. The legal relief system can effectively protect the public's right to paid vacation; On the other hand, it is necessary to formulate detailed rules for the implementation of the paid vacation system according to the labor law. Formulating detailed rules for implementation is an urgent task to implement the paid vacation system. Although the legal effect of the detailed rules is lower than that of the labor law, it has strong operability. The labor law gives the public the abstract right of paid vacation, while the implementation rules enable workers to enjoy the specific right of paid vacation. Without detailed implementation rules, the application and implementation of the legal provisions of the paid vacation system will become castles in the air.

(two) leave according to law, and gradually implement the paid vacation system.

Public holidays shall be subject to the provisions of the law, and holidays shall be taken according to law, and shall not be changed at will without legal procedures. Under normal circumstances, the public's vacation arrangements are not affected by administrative orders. Ensuring the implementation of paid vacation system by law is the most critical factor to promote the establishment of paid vacation welfare system. The implementation of paid vacation system must be truly guaranteed by law, otherwise it may be that workers not only do not enjoy the rights of paid vacation system, but also may lose the original "Golden Week" holiday benefits. Therefore, the welfare loss of ordinary workers should be avoided during the implementation of paid vacation.

In the process of promoting the paid vacation system, we should also consider the specific national conditions of China. China has a vast territory, the economic level between regions is very different, and some regions have special customs. The paid vacation system cannot be applied across the board. On the one hand, the paid vacation system is piloted, allowing some areas to postpone the implementation of the paid vacation system in due course. On the other hand, different regions, even different industries and departments should be allowed to implement different paid vacation systems according to the actual situation, which can be reflected in the formulation of implementation rules.

In addition, we should also pay attention to the economic cost in the formulation of holiday time, try to avoid increasing the operating burden of society and reduce the hidden economic losses caused by holidays. After all, we are still a developing country.

(three) the relevant administrative departments of the government to ensure the full implementation of paid vacation benefits.

In the process of vacation system reform, the government should change the concept of vacation management, from the previous guiding role to the guiding role, and provide policy, legal and financial support for the implementation and improvement of the vacation system.

First of all, the implementation of paid vacation system should start from all government departments. On the one hand, it ensures the smooth progress of government official and social affairs, on the other hand, it also plays a vanguard and exemplary role in the implementation of the paid vacation system. Moreover, compared with other vacation groups, institutions and institutions have a good foundation for implementing the paid vacation system, which can make the implementation of the paid vacation system in China have a good start.

Secondly, the competent department of labor and personnel should assume the supervisory responsibility for the paid vacation system. We should see that at present, the labor market in China exceeds demand, and the workers in China are in a weak position. Fierce competition or even excessive competition leads to great pressure, which makes it difficult for workers in China to win such "extra" rights as paid vacation, so as to avoid paying the cost of their career or even unemployment.

Thirdly, the paid vacation system also needs the support of the tourism administration department. Tourism administrative departments need to do a lot of work in this respect: for example, inherit the previous information management experience, provide tourism information for paid vacationers, and adjust the tourism flow direction by using tourism information forecasting system; Strengthen the management and rectification of the tourism market order, and create a good tourism consumption environment for paid vacation tourism; Plan important tourism projects related to the development of tourism, support the development of new attractive leisure and holiday destinations, provide more choices for the public's holiday tourism to disperse passenger flow, and so on.

Finally, the government should also provide financial and tax support. On the one hand, a lot of work of tourism administrative departments needs financial and tax support. For example, investment in tourism resources development, tourism transportation and tourism destination infrastructure. In addition, tax relief policies can be used to attract various private investments in tourism. On the other hand, in the process of implementing the paid vacation system, there should be financial subsidies and preferential policies in taxation and transportation for paid vacationers to encourage workers to exercise their paid vacation rights.

The characteristics of China's political system make it easier for China to concentrate on a cause than other countries. We should make use of this feature of China's political system to fully and effectively promote and popularize the paid vacation system with the fastest speed and the lowest cost. In China, the implementation of paid vacation system must give full play to the power of the government.

Strengthen the social supervision of workers' protection organizations on paid vacations.

In the process of implementing the paid vacation system, workers' protection organizations will also play their due role. In China, the protection organization of workers' rights and interests is mainly trade unions, which should shoulder the social supervision responsibility of paid vacation system. Trade unions are organizations representing the interests of workers, and they have enough strength to fight for the right to paid holidays. It is almost impossible to complete the terms of paid vacation benefits, the provisions of paid vacation time, the calculation of wages during paid vacation and how to enjoy paid vacation in the labor contract by relying on the game between individual workers and employers. And only by relying on the strength of trade unions can negotiations between these workers and employers be realized. Moreover, trade unions are ubiquitous in all walks of life, have direct and extensive contact with workers, can obtain the most authentic and direct information, help to ensure the realization of paid vacation benefits for workers, and provide timely relief when workers' rights and interests are violated. It is also conducive to real-time supervision of employers and reporting employers who violate the system in order to punish them. Trade unions are the social supervisors of the best paid vacation system.

(e) Cultivate a correct concept of paid vacation for workers and managers.

The concept of paid vacation system has been popularized in China, but there is still conceptual resistance to the implementation of paid vacation system. The public can basically understand and accept the paid vacation system, but it is difficult for most of the public to actively strive for the right to paid vacation. Regardless of management or unit leaders, workers or employees generally do not regard paid vacation as their due treatment. It is equally important to implement the paid vacation system and establish the concept and implementation rules of paid vacation for workers and employers. We should let those who have rights fight for their vacation rights, and let those who control rights be willing to help them realize their vacation rights.