What are the safety issues caused by poor travel?

The most important safety is disease. Because the accommodation is relatively poor and the food is relatively poor.

1. Crime

Although there is still debate in the academic community about the relationship between crime and tourism, due to the severity of the trauma it brings to tourists and the social nature of its impact, crime has become a One of the most eye-catching manifestations of tourism security is that it threatens tourists' lives and property safety to a great extent. Domestic and foreign scholars have paid extensive attention to tourism and crime, and regard crime as one of the social and cultural impacts of tourism. deAlbuquerque (1999) studied tourism crimes in the Caribbean and concluded that crimes against residents of tourist destinations are mainly violent, while crimes against tourists are mainly property crimes. Huang Jianjun's (2000) case study of Kunming confirmed the above argument.

There are a large number of crimes in tourism activities (980 tourism crime cases among the 1547 cases that occurred in Kunming accommodation and transportation places) (Huang Jianjun, 2000). In a tourism safety survey in Fujian Province, 108 tourists, accounting for 57.8%, had experienced crimes. In the tourism sector, 49 companies, accounting for 44.95%, have experienced or dealt with crime problems. Among them, theft and fraud that violate public and private property are the most common, with 31 and 9 cases respectively, and *** accounted for 36.6%.

Criminal phenomena in tourism activities are generally divided into three categories: theft, fraud, and violent crimes (picture).

In the survey, 54, 40 and 14 tourists had been theft, fraud and violent assault respectively, accounting for 50%, 37% and 13% of the types of crimes respectively. Both theft and fraud crimes are property crimes, with a large number of crimes and a wide range of crimes. Their core purpose is to illegally obtain tourists' money.

Violent crimes are crimes that endanger personal safety and are closely related to the implementation of property crimes, that is, they infringe on property and violate the personal safety of tourists at the same time. They often include robbery, violations of personal liberty, sexual crimes, etc. For example, on New Year's Day in 2006, Caitlin Horton, a 21-year-old female tourist from Wales, England, was raped and murdered by two local fishermen on the southern resort island of Koh Samui in Thailand. On September 1, 2006, a business delegation from Wuhan visited Brazil. They got off the plane and took a small tour bus to a hotel in Rio de Janeiro when they were robbed. The average loss per person was about US$5,000, including cash and property. On November 3, 2007, a robbery and homicide occurred in the Baiyun Mountain Scenic Area in Guangzhou. The victim Xue was stabbed several times in the ribs and chest by three gangsters. Xue died on the spot due to hemorrhagic shock due to heart rupture.

Of course, there are also sexual crimes and crimes related to drugs, gambling, and obscenity. It should be pointed out that drugs, gambling, and obscenity do not necessarily pose direct safety threats to tourists. However, drugs, gambling, and obscenity themselves are hotbeds of crime and one of the potential factors threatening tourism safety. In June 2000, a sexual assault on tourists occurred in New York's Central Park, followed by the robbery of property.

2. Disease (poisoning)

Travel fatigue, "acclimatization" caused by the foreign nature of travel, and objective food hygiene problems may induce tourists' diseases or lead to food poisoning, etc. . In the survey, 40 tourists, accounting for 21.4%, had experienced illness or food poisoning; 33 tourism departments had experienced or dealt with illness or poisoning, accounting for 29.7%. The impact of food poisoning is large, and the harm to tourists is more serious than the disease. For example: In August 2002, 141 visitors to Disneyland in the United States were infected with salmonella, resulting in a collective food poisoning incident. On October 11, 2005, a Jinan tour group of 141 people had food poisoning and 79 elderly tourists were sent to the hospital for treatment after lunch at a hotel in a tourist spot in Beijing.

3. Traffic accidents

Among all aspects of tourism operations, tourism transportation is one of the links with the greatest impact on safety issues. Travel accidents are often devastating. During the survey, 34 tourists, accounting for 18.2%, had encountered traffic accidents; ***13 departments had experienced or handled traffic accidents, accounting for 11.7%.

According to traffic forms, tourism traffic accidents can be divided into:

(1) Road traffic accidents

Relevant data show that there are 500,000 traffic accidents in my country every year. The number of deaths due to traffic accidents exceeds 100,000, and the economic losses caused by traffic accidents reach tens of billions of yuan every year. In 2007, 327,209 road traffic accidents occurred nationwide, resulting in 81,649 deaths, 380,442 injuries, and direct property losses of 1.2 billion yuan. In recent years, tourist traffic accidents are not uncommon. Relatively speaking, tourist traffic poses huge safety risks. For example, on May 1, 2008, a Hong Kong tour bus overturned in Sai Kung, killing 18 people. The bus involved in the accident was carrying 61 passengers from Phoenix Village, Tsz Wan Shan, from Wong Tai Sin to Sai Kung. When it reached a corner, it suddenly lost control and rolled over. The 18 dead were all women, aged between 30 and 80 years old.

(2) Highway traffic accidents

With the development of highways, serious traffic accidents are on the rise sharply. In 2007, 5,925 people died in highway accidents nationwide.

Many major traffic accidents also occurred in 2008. For example, on January 7, 2008, a major traffic accident occurred in the Yangqing section of the Yu-Zhan Expressway. After a sleeper bus from Shenzhen to Nanning rear-ended a liquid transport semi-trailer, It rushed through the guardrail and collided with another sleeper bus from Guiyang to Zhuhai. The accident resulted in 10 deaths and 39 injuries. On September 4, 2008, a sleeper bus bound for Yiwu from Putian, Fujian Province, hit the Yuzhuang Tunnel on the Jinhua-Liwen Expressway in the direction of Jinhua from the front. The vehicle collided with the tunnel entrance retaining wall from the front, killing 10 people on board and 36 others. People were injured to varying degrees and the vehicle was seriously damaged.

(3) Aviation accidents

Compared with other modes of transportation, air transportation is relatively safe, but for civil aviation aircraft, any accident may be catastrophic. On April 15, 2002, Air China flight CA129 from Beijing to Busan crashed in Gimhae, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea. There were 155 passengers and 11 crew members on board. The death toll was determined to be 122, with 6 missing and 38 survivors. On May 7, 2002, a China Northern Airlines passenger plane crashed in the waters off Dalian, taking away the lives of 103 passengers and nine crew members. On November 21, 2004, flight MU5210 from Baotou to Shanghai crashed near Baotou Airport shortly after takeoff. All 47 passengers and 6 crew members on board were killed. On September 14, 2008, a Russian Boeing 737 crashed near the city of Pem in the central Ural Mountains that day, killing all 88 people on board. There were 82 passengers on board, plus an infant, and 5 crew members.

(4) Water accidents

Refers to safety accidents that occur in water bodies, which occur with the emergence of cruise ships, bamboo rafts and other water transportation and water tourism projects, including shipwrecks, inland rivers ( Lake) safety accidents, etc. Hydrological landscape is a very important tourism resource in our country. Many hydrological landscape tourist destinations in our country are located on the coast of seas, rivers, and lakes, and objectively there are many potential safety hazards for water tourism. On November 24, 1999, the passenger and cargo ro-ro ship "Da Shun", carrying 304 passengers and 61 cars, departed from Yantai Port for Dalian. It encountered wind and waves on the way and returned at 15:30. When adjusting the course, the ship travels across wind and waves, and the hull rolls at a large angle. Due to poor fastening of the ship's vehicles, displacement and collision occurred, resulting in a fire on the deck and malfunction of the ship's engine. After multiple rescue efforts failed, it capsized at 23:38, resulting in the death of 282 people and a direct economic loss of approximately 90 million yuan. It is the deadliest flood accident in my country so far. On September 26, 2002, the Senegalese shipwreck "Chola" tragically sank, killing nearly a thousand people. Only 64 people were lucky enough to survive the shipwreck. This can be called the most tragic shipwreck in African history. The "Jorah" was designed to carry 600 passengers, of which the top deck was limited to 500 passengers. However, the actual number of passengers on board at the time of the incident was 1,037. Severe overloading is the main cause of shipwrecks.

(5) Traffic accidents in cable cars and other scenic spots

Although cable cars and ropeways make tourist attractions more convenient for transportation in the area, they can easily cause a large number of tourists to concentrate in scenic spots with limited capacity and cause accidents. Security Question. On October 3, 1999, a cable car crashed in the Maling River Gorge National Natural Scenic Area in Guizhou, killing 14 people and injuring 21 others. On September 5, 2005, a serious cable car accident occurred in Tyrol, Austria. A 750-kg cement component lifted by a helicopter suddenly fell off 200 meters above the cableway and hit a cable car. , causing the cable car to fall, killing 3 of the 5 people in the car and injuring 2 on the spot. Due to the failure of the cable, the two cable cars at the front and rear where the cement components fell also lost control. Some passengers were thrown from the cable cars, resulting in 6 deaths and 3 injuries. This accident resulted in 9 deaths and more than 10 injuries.

4. Fire and Explosion

Fire accidents have occurred frequently in recent years. From January to June 2008, 80,057 fires occurred nationwide (excluding fires in forests, grasslands, armies, and underground mines), resulting in 862 deaths and 332 injuries. Although the number of deaths due to fires and explosions in the tourism industry is lower than that of tourism traffic accidents, fires and explosions often cause serious follow-up reactions, such as infrastructure damage, property losses, etc., and even cause chaos in the entire tourism economic system. On December 30, 2004, a fire broke out in a dance club in Buenos Aires, the capital of Argentina, killing 183 people, most of them teenagers. On December 12, 2007, the "Duoduoxian" flower shop on the first floor of Wenfu Building (28 floors, 1st to 3rd floors are comprehensive commercial premises, and 4th to 28th floors are apartments) on Renmin Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province ( A fire broke out in a plastic flower shop, killing 21 people in the dance hall on the second floor. On September 20, 2008, a huge fire accident occurred at the Dance King Club in Longgang Street, Longgang District, Shenzhen. 44 people died, 87 were injured, and 59 were hospitalized. On September 20, 2008, an explosion occurred at the Marriott Hotel in Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan, killing 53 people and injuring 266 others, including some foreigners. Police suspect a car packed with explosives drove into the hotel and detonated the explosives. Local media said this was the most serious terrorist attack in Islamabad.

5. Natural Disasters

Natural disasters are safety issues in tourism activities caused by uncontrollable natural causes such as weather and floods compared to man-made disasters. They are a common manifestation of tourism safety. One of the forms. Due to the destructiveness of natural disasters to tourism activities and their harm to the lives and property of tourists, tourism companies, employees and even resources, they have attracted extensive research. Wu Bihu (2001) divided natural disasters in tourism into four types:

(1) Natural disasters that threaten human life and damage tourism facilities

Including: hurricanes, typhoons, cyclones and meteorological disasters such as tornadoes, floods, blizzards, and sandstorms; geological and landform disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, avalanches, and mudslides; and other natural disasters such as forest fires.

(2) Other natural factors and phenomena that endanger the health and life of tourists

These factors include hypoxia, extreme temperatures, biological clock rhythm disorders, etc. Hypoxia and altitude sickness often occur in tourist destinations with higher altitudes, and may cause fatal symptoms such as emphysema and brain swelling. Extreme temperatures mainly refer to extreme high temperatures (such as deserts) and extreme low temperatures (such as the poles and mountains). Biological clock rhythms are manifested during air travel and may be accompanied by fatigue, sleep disorders, and loss of appetite. Others include motion sickness caused by air travel.

(3) The dangers caused by tourists’ contact with wild animals, plants, insects, etc.

Mainly lies in the harm and threats caused by large and ferocious animals to tourists. For example, shark bites of tourists often occur on tropical and subtropical seashores. Other poisonous insects and plants can also easily cause skin diseases or physical injuries to tourists.

(4) Diseases caused by environmental factors

Mainly refers to the possibility of infectious diseases occurring among tourists and their harm to tourists. Among the environmental diseases related to tourism activities, the most threatening ones are mostly diseases unique to the tropical environment, such as malaria, dengue fever, etc. Other problems caused by environmental factors include acclimatization. The SARS epidemic that appeared in my country in 2003 posed a great threat to tourists, causing many tourists to cancel their trips.

6. Other Accidents

In addition to the above five manifestations, tourism safety manifestations also include other special and unexpected emergencies. For example, on February 22, 2007, a 6-year-old girl was bitten by a beastly tiger while taking a photo with a tiger at Yuantongshan Zoo in Kunming. She died after being rescued. Another example is that on the afternoon of June 8, 2008, on both sides of the Huhui River fishing pond section of Tonggubao Village, Wuni Town, Yugan County, Jiangxi Province, villagers spontaneously organized dragon boat rowing activities to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival. He accidentally fell into the water, resulting in 9 deaths and 2 missing. In the author's investigation of tourism safety accidents, 10 tourism departments, accounting for 9.0%, have experienced or dealt with safety problems other than the above.