What is the principle of maglev train?

Maglev train is a kind of train driven by magnetic levitation force (magnetic attraction and repulsion). Because of the magnetic force of its orbit, it is suspended in the air, so it does not need to touch the ground when walking, so there is only air resistance. The research of magnetic levitation technology originated in Germany, as early as 1922, German engineer Herman? The principle of electromagnetic levitation was put forward, and the patent of maglev train was applied in 1934.

Principle of maglev train

There are two forms of maglev train: like magnets repel each other and opposite magnets attract each other, so there are two corresponding forms of maglev train:

The first one is an electromagnetic operation system maglev train designed by using the principle of repulsion of magnets with the same polarity. It uses the repulsive force between the magnetic field formed by the superconducting electromagnet on the train and the magnetic field formed by the coil on the track to suspend the train body.

The second type is a maglev train with electric operation system designed by using the principle of opposites attracting magnets. Magnets are installed at the bottom and upside-down tops of the car body, and induction plates and induction steel plates are respectively installed above the T-shaped guide rail and below the leg part to control the current of the electromagnet so as to keep 10 between the electromagnet and the guide rail. 1.5 mm clearance, and make the repulsive force of the guide rail steel plate balance with the gravity of the vehicle, so that the vehicle body is suspended on the guide rail surface of the lane.

merits and demerits

Advantages: The maglev train has the advantages of high speed, low noise, environmental protection, economy and comfort.

Disadvantages: Because the magnetic levitation system relies on electromagnetic force to perform levitation, guidance and driving functions, once the power is cut off, serious safety accidents will occur in the magnetic levitation train, so the safety guarantee measures for magnetic levitation after the power is cut off have not been completely solved. The influence of strong magnetic field on human health, ecological environment balance and the operation of electronic products still needs further study.