What is the writing background of Du Mu's "Red Cliff"?

This poem was written by the poet after passing the famous ancient battlefield of Chibi (now Chiji Mountain in the southwest of Wuchang County, Hubei Province) and feeling the success and failure of the heroes in the Three Kingdoms era. The Battle of Chibi, which took place in October of the 13th year of Jian'an (208 AD) of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, was a major battle that played a decisive role in the historical situation of the three kingdoms.

As a result, the combined forces of Sun and Liu defeated Cao's army, and the thirty-four-year-old commander of Sun Wu's army, Zhou Yu, was the number one figure in this battle. The poet viewed the relics of the ancient battlefield, expressed his unique views on the Battle of Chibi, and wrote with his feelings.

"Red Cliff" is a seven-character quatrain composed by Du Mu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. The poet was inspired by the object and chanted the history. It pointed out that the Battle of Red Cliff was related to the survival of the country and the safety of the country; at the same time, it alluded to If you have great ambitions, you will not be reused, and you will see the big from the small.

Du Mu, courtesy name Muzhi, also known as Du Ziwei, also known as Fanchuan Jushi, Han nationality, born in Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi'an, Shaanxi Province), was an outstanding poet and essayist in the late Tang Dynasty. He was the grandson of Du You, the prime minister of the three dynasties. , the son of Du Congyu, became a Jinshi at the age of 26 in the second year of Emperor Wenzong of Tang Dynasty, and was awarded the title of Secretary of Hongwen Hall. Later, he went to Jiangxi to observe the envoys, then transferred to Huainan Jiedu, and then went to observe the envoys. He was compiled by the History Museum, served as a member of the Ministry of Food, Bi, and Si Xun, and served as governor of Huangzhou, Chizhou, and Muzhou, and finally became a member of Zhongshushe.

Died in Chang'an at the end of the year at the age of fifty. An outstanding poet in the late Tang Dynasty, he is especially famous for his seven-character quatrains, which mainly focus on chanting history and expressing feelings. His ancient poetry was influenced by Du Fu and Han Yu, with broad themes and vigorous writing. His modern poetry is distinguished by its clear and beautiful words and ups and downs of emotion. Du Fu and Li Bai are collectively called "Li Du". In order to distinguish them from the poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, who are "Little Li Du", Du Fu and Li Bai are also called "Big Li Du".