Let's talk about tourism motivation related to tourism activities. It is urgent. It needs to be done by Thursday. I hope everyone can help. ...

When mankind is about to enter the 2 1 century and the curtain of the new century is about to open, we find that the world is in such an era-the golden age of world tourism is coming soon. With the sustained growth of the global economy, especially in underdeveloped third world countries, people's leisure time is gradually increasing, their income is constantly improving, and transportation and communication technologies are constantly improving. Developing countries are becoming more and more open, travel procedures are more convenient, travel expenses are decreasing, and travel motives will be diversified, upscale and civilized. So, what are people's travel motives? How do tourists' psychology change at different stages? This is the problem to be analyzed in this paper. The purpose is to better meet the needs of people with different travel motives and promote the rapid development of tourism, a "sunrise industry".

First, tourism motivation and its level

"tourism" is translated from the English word "tourism". The original meaning is as a hobby of sightseeing, which is extended to the knowledge about sightseeing. The main body engaged in tourism activities is "tourists", that is, tourists As an important activity of human beings, the minimum demand of tourism is to travel from one place to another (except commuting).

In fact, tourism contains many motives. As far as motivation is concerned, many scholars and institutions in the world have studied tourism phenomena from different angles with great interest. Scholars Mathieson and Wall believe that tourism is a temporary activity to reach the destination outside the usual place of residence and work. This kind of activity is generally carried out while staying, and various facilities are built to meet the needs of tourists. This definition regards tourism as a sub-activity, that is, the sum of sightseeing, comfort and entertainment activities. The motivation of tourism is mainly the change of destination space and the use of tourist facilities in order to seek recreation, rest and pleasure. Another scholar, Ryan, believes that tourism is a need to stay away from home and needs various services. At the same time, with various forms of combined expenditure, it creates income for related industries and increases employment ... People form psychological benefits through tourism, which comes from traveling to a new place and a new environment to get rid of the restrictions of work and the usual lifestyle at home. Then, Ryan emphasized the psychological impact of tourism on people. In fact, the function of tourism has long gone beyond the influence on a country, enterprise economy and individual psychology, and also includes the influence on a wide range of social, cultural and environmental categories. In other words, tourism motivation includes not only the original motivation of consumers' psychological need for preferential treatment, but also the motivation of the government and tourism industry to create income and increase employment, as well as the deeper motivation.

UNESCO made clear and predicted the priority direction of tourism development in the future at the international expert round table on "Key Issues of 2 1 Century", and emphasized that to regard culture as the core and soul of tourism, we should pay long-term attention to the relationship between culture and tourism. No matter for the government, enterprises or tourists, cultural motivation is a multi-subject, pluralistic and higher-level motivation. As far as tourists are concerned, I think tourism motivation is the internal reason and substantive motivation to maintain and promote tourists' activities.

If sorted from low to high, it can be divided into five levels.

The first level is to relax motivation. That is to say, tourists leave their settlement to stay in another place for a short time, enjoy the scenery in other places, experience exotic customs, reveal the characteristics of different places, relax, rest and recover.

The second level is motivation. That is, through the transfer of space, tourists can learn about all aspects of knowledge at home and abroad, gain new experiences, personally contact with residents around the world, enjoy wonderful natural scenery, experience different cultures, investigate different living systems, seek new feelings, new stimuli and form new ideas.

The third level is relationship motivation. That is, tourists can make friends, establish friendship, give love, gain love or escape social relations, alleviate interpersonal troubles or establish business partnerships by traveling abroad.

The fourth level is the driving force for development. That is to say, tourists can cultivate various interests, acquire new knowledge, master new skills, increase new experiences, get rewards from different places, improve their personal prestige and charm, become tourism connoisseurs, gain respect from others and develop their potential.

The fifth level is to realize motivation. That is, with the help of tourism, tourists make full use of various tourism resources, give full play to the dynamic role of objects in the subject, enrich, change and create people's spiritual quality, dominate their own lives, achieve higher achievements and realize their dreams and spiritual values. Many biologists, geographers, writers and painters have gained rich creative sources from tourism inspection.

Secondly, the psychological changes of tourists in different stages of tourism activities.

The above mainly analyzes the different views of different scholars on the meaning of tourism and the five levels of tourism motivation. In order to better understand the motivation and psychology of tourists, the following mainly introduces the changing process of tourists' psychological activities in different stages of tourism activities.

(1) initial heart-seeking safety and novelty

When a person travels to a foreign country, he gets rid of the daily stressful life and complicated affairs and becomes a free person, hoping to enjoy a happy travel life freely. On the one hand, you will be excited when you go to a new place, and you will have the psychological need to be curious, innovative and knowledgeable. On the other hand, being in a strange place, the language is unreasonable and the environment is different, which leads to loneliness, loss, fear, insecurity, and the psychology of being cautious, alert and being laughed at. This kind of anxiety is often manifested in fear of accidents, which will damage self-esteem and endanger property and life safety. Therefore, tourists should adjust their psychology and focus on shifting their attention, that is, shifting their attention to relaxed and pleasant sightseeing activities and entering a good psychological state of sightseeing.

(2) Process psychology-pursuing perfection and relaxation.

In the process of tourism activities, tourists, tourists and tour guides gradually become familiar with and understand the environment. At the beginning, their vigilance has been eliminated, and they began to feel relaxed and happy, resulting in a gentle, leisurely and relaxed psychology. At this time, on the one hand, they often forget to control themselves, their thinking ability drops unconsciously, they go their own way, liberate their personalities, expose their personalities, and even appear abnormal in words and deeds, presumptuous, arrogant and unreasonable. I am lazy, have a poor sense of time, and have a weak sense of group. On the other hand, I think the tourism department should take care of everything when spending money. I spend money on fun, and I want to be idealistic about tourism. I hope that I can enjoy services that I can't get at home abroad. I hope everything will be fine, and I will find fault with the tourism service and complain. Once my requirements are not met, there will be a strong reaction, even excessive. On the other hand, it will raise broader and deeper questions, even unfriendly and provocative questions. In this regard, the tourism department should be very serious, carefully organize activities, patiently answer tourists' questions, and strive to do a good job of unity and mutual assistance within the tour group. Tourists must overcome their psychological weaknesses and ensure the smooth progress of tourism activities.

3) Be self-centered before the psychological and emotional fluctuations are over.

In the later stage of tourism activities, tourists are about to return to China, and their mood fluctuates greatly. At this time, tourists suddenly feel that time passes too fast, things have not been bought, friends have to meet again, and their luggage is afraid of being overweight. They are reluctant to leave the unfinished tour, hoping to have time to deal with personal affairs, go shopping and pack their bags. At this time, the tourism department will set aside enough time for tourists to handle their own affairs, help tourists to make up for their unfinished work, and even give individual tourists who are dissatisfied with the activities and hold their breath a chance to vent their dissatisfaction and grievances, so that everyone can come happily and return home satisfied.

Third, summary.

We know that tourism motivation, as a unique demand of human beings, does have different preferences and different levels. At the same time, as tourists, their psychological activities are different at different stages of tourism activities; Nowadays, as a smokeless industry, tourism is developing rapidly. It is hoped that both tourism-related departments and major tourism enterprises should understand and study tourists' travel motives and their psychological change needs at different stages in the tourism process, so as to meet the needs of tourists to the maximum extent and improve their core competitiveness.